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evh1 | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58

 

PARA

 

1. EVH1 1-1

 

From time to time, you are told by parents or teachers to "think outside the box."


(A) Looking at a problem from a different perspective can lead you to a new approach to handle the problem. It truly works. 1

(B) To this, you may say, "Easier said than done." But try it. 0

(C) The following stories show how changing your perspective can change your life. 2


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


2. EVH1 1-2

 

A professor walked around on a stage while teaching.


(A) If I hold it for a minute or two, it's fairly light. If I hold it for an hour, it may make my arm ache. If I hold it for an entire day, my arm will likely cramp up, which will force me to eventually drop the glass. In each case, the weight of the glass doesn't change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it feels to me." 1

(B) "Some of your worries are like this glass of water. Think about them for a short while, and nothing happens. Think about them a bit longer, and you begin to ache a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel numb and be incapable of doing anything else until you drop them." 2

(C) She raised a glass of water and asked, "How heavy is this glass of water?" Students shouted out various answers. She replied, "From my perspective, the weight of this glass doesn't matter. It all depends on how long I hold it. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


3. EVH1 1-3

 

One day, a daughter complained to her father about the problems she was struggling with.


(A) Shortly after, she found that the potatoes became soft. After peeling off the shells of the eggs, she noted that the inside of the eggs became firm. Finally, she took a sip of the coffee and smiled at the aroma. 2

(B) She was frustrated because it seemed that just as one problem was solved, another followed. Her father took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed potatoes, eggs, and ground coffee beans in each of the three pots. He then let them boil. 0

(C) After twenty minutes, he turned off the stove. Turning to her, he asked, "What do you see?" "Potatoes, eggs, and coffee," she hastily replied. "Yes, but look closer," he said, "and tell me what happened to each." 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


4. EVH1 1-4

 

"Alright, Dad.


(A) The ground coffee beans stayed intact but changed the water itself, making it fragrant and flavorful." "Which are you?" he asked his daughter, "When adversity knocks on your door, how do you respond? You can lose your strength though you started strong. 1

(B) You can be tough with a stiff spirit though you started weak. Or, you can change the circumstance that was brought about by adversity for the better. Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean?" 2

(C) What are you trying to tell me?" she asked. He explained that each of these objects had faced the same adversity, but each one reacted differently. "The potato was strong and hard, but became soft and weak after sitting in the boiling water. The inside of the egg was fragile but became hardened after being boiled in the water. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


5. EVH1 1-5

 

Once upon a time, there lived a young athletic boy who prepared himself for a running competition.


(A) He ran with determination, strength, and power, and always beat other competitors. Whenever the boy was running for a prize, a large crowd gathered together to watch the race. A wise old man, upon hearing of the boy, had traveled far to watch his races. Though the crowd cheered loudly for the boy, the wise man stayed still and calm, expressing no sentiment. 0

(B) "Race!" said the wise man. The race began, and the boy was the only finisher because the elderly lady and the blind man were left standing at the starting line. The little boy noted that the crowd did not cheer for him this time, which puzzled him. In the middle of the crowd was sitting the wise old man, looking calmly at the boy. He ran to the wise man and asked, "Why don't people cheer for me now?" 2

(C) The little boy felt proud and important. "I can beat anyone!" cried the little boy. After hearing this, the wise man said to him, "Now I present two new challengers to you." Behind him were an elderly lady and a blind man. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


6. EVH1 1-6

 

"Race again," replied the wise man, "but this time, finish together."


(A) The wise man smiled. He said, "Well done, little boy. You've won a lot more in this race than in any other you've run before. 1

(B) The little boy stood between the blind man and the elderly lady, holding them arm in arm. The race began, and the little boy walked slowly with the others. When they crossed the finishing line, the crowd cheered loudly and waved at the boy. 0

(C) You are a real winner." Now the little boy was greatly delighted, and he felt proud and important again. 2


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


7. EVH1 2-1

 

Our intangible cultural heritage is a bridge linking our past and our future.


(A) Intangible cultural heritage is a precious asset for communities, groups, and individuals across the world. Only they can protect it and pass it on to tomorrow's generations. 1

(B) The following pages offer an insight into the great diversity of humanity's living heritage across the world. At a time of rapid and profound change, we must strengthen our resolve and take action to preserve this heritage for the benefit of future generations. 2

(C) It is the way we understand the world and the means by which we shape it. It is rooted in our cultural identities and provides a foundation of wisdom and knowledge upon which to build sustainable development for all. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


8. EVH1 2-2

 

In the months between spring and autumn, people in Catalonia, Spain build castells during street festivals.


(A) When the last person reaches the top and waves his or her hands, the crowd below shouts and cheers. 2

(B) A castell is a tower of people standing on each other's shoulders, often raised as high as ten levels. The formation of the bottom base or pinya is the first step in building a castell. 0

(C) Anybody who is willing to help, from children to senior citizens, can be part of the pinya by supporting the tower and protecting it from collapsing. When the pinya is formed, each level is added one after another. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


9. EVH1 2-3

 

Building a castell means a lot to Catalonians.


(A) The knowledge about how to build castells is accumulated over generations and handed down from generation to generation within a community, and can only be learned by practice. Building one provides people with a strong sense of belonging and a heightened spirit of teamwork and cooperation. 0

(B) At a time when individual-based activities dominate most people's leisure time, this Catalan practice does seem to deserve serious attention. 2

(C) A castell requires between 75 and 500 people to build, all of whom wear a group color. The color is a proud element of a community, and young children long for the day when they can wear a shirt and play their role in building their group's castell. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


10. EVH1 2-4

 

Gingerbread broadly refers to any type of baked treat that is typically flavored with ginger and honey.


(A) Bake the shaped dough until it turns light yellow in color. Put a string between two baked licitars. Dip the stringed licitars into the glaze and hang them until they dry. Decorate each licitar with a picture, a mirror, or flowers. 2

(B) The custom of giving licitars is deeply rooted in Croatian tradition. Licitars are not only a tasty dessert, but they are also an artistic expression. How to Make Licitars. Prepare dough and let it mature for a few days. Then roll the dough out and shape it in molds. 1

(C) The process of making a licitar, a type of Croatian gingerbread, is special because it requires skill and endurance. The dough matures for a few days, then is shaped in molds and baked, and then left for two weeks to dry. Coloring is the next step, after which a second drying takes place. Once dried, the licitars are decorated. Licitars are given as gifts for wedding guests, or they can be used as decorations. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


11. EVH1 2-5

 

A licitar is uniquely Croatian because of the long history and the social role it has played.


(A) In this way, every generation is able to leave its mark in each gingerbread they make. Licitar makers play an important social function, too. 1

(B) Gingerbread craftspeople appear at most festivals and fairs in Croatia. People watch cookies being made and socialize. In a time when local cultures are losing their unique identities, Croatian gingerbread craftsmanship provides us with a new perspective on traditional culture. 2

(C) Croatians learned the recipe during the 16th century from their neighbors in the eastern Alps and went a step further to develop their own. Since then, making licitars has become a family tradition where secrets are passed down from generation to generation. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


12. EVH1 2-6

 

Tugging has long been practiced as a kind of ritual in many agricultural regions across Asia.


(A) It takes place during the New Year holidays in April in the open space of a Buddhist temple or a village center. In the Philippines, punnuk is held in the Hapao River, where people tug young trees that are tightly bundled with vines and hooked to a straw figure in the middle. 1

(B) The way the ritual is performed varies from place to place. In Cambodia, the ritual involves men tugging against women. 0

(C) In Vietnam, bamboo poles can be used for tugging. In Korean juldarigi, making a rice straw rope as well as moving it to a ritual site is part of the tradition. The rope stands for a dragon which is believed to bring rain to the region. 2


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


13. EVH1 2-7

 

The tugging rituals in Asia are mostly held by rice farmers, who wish for enough rainfall and abundant harvests, so the rituals can be regarded as a form of prayer in the region.


(A) They are also performed as a way of expressing their appreciation for a good harvest. 0

(B) While preparing for the rituals and performing them, participants realize the importance of solidarity, cooperation, and harmony among community members. 2

(C) There is no intentional competitive element inherent in the rituals, and winning or losing is not emphasized. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


14. EVH1 3-1

 

Human beings are capable of doing amazing things through sports.


(A) Whatever we do on earth, however, is governed by the rules of nature. In fact, science can explain a lot about the magic in sports. 2

(B) The precision and power they show seem like magic. 1

(C) Look at sprinters running through the field or baseballs flying into the catcher's glove. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


15. EVH1 3-2

 

How Fast Can a Human Run 100 Meters?


(A) So what is the limit to how fast a human can run 100 meters? Sports scientists say that sprinters' speed is influenced by how hard they hit the ground with their feet and by how many steps they take. 1

(B) Cheetahs do not hit the ground as hard as humans, but they can take twice as many steps as we do. This is why they can run fast. 2

(C) Usain Bolt, the Jamaican sprinter, broke the world record for the 100-meter sprint in 2009, clocking a time of 9.58 seconds. Animals like the adult cheetah can run 100 meters in about six seconds. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


16. EVH1 3-3

 

The problem for humans is that the harder they hit the ground, the more time they spend in the air, which makes their steps longer but reduces the number of steps they can take.


(A) Therefore, maximum running speed is attained when the combination of force applied to the ground and stride frequency is optimal. 0

(B) Many experts predict, however, that a human being could probably run the 100-meter sprint in just over nine seconds. Maybe future technology will help runners run even faster than they do today. 2

(C) Unfortunately, this combination also depends on the runner's size, leg length, and other factors that vary among individuals. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


17. EVH1 3-4

 

Why Do Curlers Sweep the Ice?


(A) The sweepers stop as the rock settles into the house. "Nice job!" All four players bump fists indicating success. Have you guessed the sport? 1

(B) It's called curling. One might expect that a curling stone sliding across the ice would continue in a straight line according to Newton's first law of motion. However, the stone will begin to curl when it loses its speed even though it is three or four times as heavy as a bowling ball. This is why players have to direct the stone's path carefully, and they do this by sweeping. 2

(C) "Hurry! Hurry up!" Two people with brooms furiously sweep the ice in front of a rock that slides across a sheet of ice. "Whoa!" 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


18. EVH1 3-5

 

By rubbing the ice with the broom, the sweepers are generating heat to reduce friction between the stone and the ice.


(A) If the sweepers stop, the stone begins to curl again. 1

(B) This results in the stone going straighter and farther. 0

(C) Although the house—the area where the curlers aim the stone—is often blocked by an opponent's stone, curling teams can actually guide one stone behind another, which is one of the major strategic elements to the game. The precision with which the team can control the direction and speed of the stone is a major factor in the strategy of the game. 2


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


19. EVH1 3-6

 

Why Does a Baseball Have Stitches?


(A) The batter swings and hits a foul ball into the stands. You reach up with your glove and catch it as other spectators clap and cheer. You look at the baseball with its smooth leather covering and bright red stitches. 0

(B) The stitches on a baseball actually affect the flight of the ball. Without them, a pitcher couldn't throw it as fast or as accurately. 2

(C) Do the stitches serve a purpose other than to keep the leather covering over the ball? A typical baseball has 108 double hand stitches. They serve more than just a decorative function. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


20. EVH1 3-7

 

When a round object like a ball is thrown, the front part of the ball hits the air, increasing the air pressure there while the air becomes thinner at the back of the ball, making the air pressure low.


(A) The stitches more or less scoop the air and direct it inwards towards the back of the ball. This effectively increases the net air pressure in the back of the ball, which reduces the drag. 1

(B) Further, as a baseball is released, the pitcher can put spin on the ball. As the ball spins, the stitches help the ball to fly in the direction the pitcher intends. 2

(C) This difference in air pressure creates an unwanted effect called "drag" that literally drags the ball backward and slows it down. This is where the stitches come into play. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


21. EVH1 4-1

 

[MARY SEACOLE, AN UNSUNG HERO OF THE CRIMEA].


(A) He had no idea who the lady was, and when searching for some kind of clue, he only found the author's initials written on the back side of the painting. After passing through various auctions, the person in the portrait was finally identified as Mary Seacole. 1

(B) A portrait of an old, dark-skinned lady wearing three medals on her left breast was discovered in 2003. An antique dealer accidentally found it behind a framed print at a garage sale in Burford, U.K. 0

(C) The National Portrait Gallery in London confirmed that the painting was genuine and purchased it, quoting that "as a woman and as a West Indian of mixed race, she broke many barriers to make a huge contribution to Victorian society." The portrait has been displayed there since 2004. 2


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


22. EVH1 4-2

 

Mary Seacole was born in Kingston, Jamaica in 1805.


(A) By observing her mother, Mary learned the practice of traditional Jamaican medicine. Mary also traveled widely to take care of sick people. 1

(B) When she visited Panama in 1851, Mary managed to save her first cholera patient, and in so doing she gained extensive knowledge of this disease. In fact, she herself contracted and recovered from it while in Panama. Having overcome many difficulties, she gained a reputation for her work in treating cholera and other diseases. 2

(C) Her father was a Scottish soldier, and her mother practiced traditional Jamaican medicine. Her mother ran a boarding house while caring for wounded soldiers as if they were her own family members. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


23. EVH1 4-3

 

It was while she was in London in 1853 that she heard about the Crimean War and the collapse of the nursing system down there.


(A) Thousands of men were dying of cholera, dysentery, cold, and battle wounds because of a lack of proper medical care. She immediately applied to the War Office to go to the Crimea and help the sick and wounded soldiers. In the application process, she stressed that she had considerable experience treating sick soldiers in Jamaica. 0

(B) Mary persevered and founded a firm with Thomas Day, a distant relative of hers, and they went to the Crimea with a large stock of medicines. Mary, who was then 50, was supposed to work officially as a sutler, someone who was allowed to sell goods to soldiers near the front. 2

(C) To her disappointment, her application was rejected. She asked herself, "Did these ladies shrink from accepting my aid because my blood flowed beneath a somewhat duskier skin than theirs?" Nothing, however, could stop her from following her aspirations. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


24. EVH1 4-4

 

As soon as she arrived in the summer of 1855, however, Mary started to take care of the sick and wounded as if she were their mother.


(A) This is why the soldiers of the British army came to call her "Mother Seacole." One of the army doctors testified with admiration that despite the numbing coldness on the front line, Mary Seacole would care for the soldiers and provide them with tea, food, and words of comfort. 0

(B) She is always in attendance near the battle field to aid the wounded and has earned many a poor fellow's blessings." 2

(C) She also braved enemy fire near the front lines trying to find soldiers in need of help. One news reporter described her as "a warm and successful physician, who doctors and cures all manner of men with extraordinary success. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


25. EVH1 4-5

 

At the end of the war in 1856, Mary turned out broke.


(A) Some army officers organized a benefit festival to raise funds in her honor. It was reported that to their surprise, thousands of contributors gathered and her name was shouted by a thousand voices. She was also awarded three medals for her bravery and her work from England, Turkey, and France, which is vividly depicted in her portrait. 1

(B) In 1857, with the help of her supporters, Mary published her autobiography, Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands. The last 25 years of her life, however, were spent quietly outside of public attention. She died on May 14th, 1881. 2

(C) She had spent all her personal wealth in the Crimea. She returned to England ill and poor. Fortunately, there were veterans who never forgot the amazing things that Mary had done on the battle field. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


26. EVH1 4-6

 

During the Crimean War (1853-1856), Mary Seacole was from time to time compared to Florence Nightingale.


(A) Many people believe that she reappeared in history when a hero like her was needed most. 2

(B) In fact, she risked her life to aid the wounded and bring comfort to dying soldiers. While Florence Nightingale became a legend, Mary Seacole was largely forgotten until the year 2003 when her portrait was accidentally discovered. 1

(C) Unlike Nightingale, Seacole had to overcome prejudice related to her race. Being a born healer, she made her own way to the war where she was needed. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


27. EVH1 5-1

 

Let Your Creativity Unfold!


(A) Is this really true? 1

(B) Can't ordinary people like you and me be creative? The following are some examples that tell us creativity is not a matter of talent or a gift, but is a matter of perspective nourished by passion and hard work. 2

(C) Many think that creativity is a gift given to few people. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


28. EVH1 5-2

 

Tiny but Shiny You would probably think of using a pencil to write or draw something.


(A) One day in his twenties, however, he saw the beauty in small living things such as ants and spiders, and suddenly wanted to share this perspective with others. He saw a pencil on his desk, picked it up, and started carving its lead with a sewing needle and a very sharp blade. The lead was very fragile and easily snapped or broke as he applied his tools. 1

(B) Sculpting with such tiny tools on the lead was hard work, and it took weeks and sometimes months or years of concentration. However, he slowly and steadily improved his technique and turned his inspirations into pieces of artwork. He carved whatever he could think of, from a farm house to a framing hammer, all at the very tip of a pencil. A means of writing turned into an object of wonder because Dalton took a new perspective. 2

(C) You might not imagine a pencil actually being a creation itself. In fact, a man named Dalton M. Ghetti looked at a pencil as art, not just as a means to create it. Dalton was like most other sculptors in that he worked with large objects. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


29. EVH1 5-3

 

Some people can use their body parts as tools for creative art by moving them in imaginative ways.


(A) His artistic experiments with hands began in 1990 when he started to use body painting techniques for a variety of purposes like advertising and exhibitions. He was an art major, and his interest in wildlife protection led him to be increasingly involved in "handimals." 1

(B) The animals he creates on hands look so realistic that whoever looks at them may not realize at first that they are just painted hands. 2

(C) From the right angle, a hand can be seen as two soccer players competing for a ball or a sprinter anxiously waiting for the starter's gun to fire, as illustrated in Annie Ralli's works. The Italian artist, Guido Daniele, can create amazing illusions with his hand art. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


30. EVH1 5-4

 

[Nature in Play].


(A) He is famous for his beautiful dress designs. However, he seldom draws dresses with pens or brushes. His designs come from everyday objects. He cuts out a hole in paper, and the gorgeous dress designs are borrowed from the real world. He gets his inspiration from golden leaves in an autumn garden to the blue sky on a summer day to cars and buildings on a busy city street. 2

(B) Creative minds know no limits. They catch every clue in nature and respond in novel ways. They observe their surroundings with keen eyes, get inspired, add a little artistic touch, and put into life what we don't see. Take a look at the billboard on the left. 0

(C) A woman with shiny golden hair smiles at you, but when the sun sets, her hair glows red. The color of her hair changes depending on the time of day and the position of the sun. At night, her hair will look pitch-black, which could never be reproduced by any artificial means. Edgar Artis goes even further in his work. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


31. EVH1 5-5

 

[The Giant Canvas].


(A) A green frog looks as if it were lifting the road and raking fallen leaves under it. The street comes alive and tells us an astonishing story, energizing people who are leading busy lives in bleak, urban environments. 2

(B) For many street artists, the city where they live is the canvas for their artwork. Though their work is not considered mainstream, their ideas are bright and innovative. 0

(C) A manhole cover, which we can see on any city street, changes into a pineapple with some yellow paint. Who would have thought of using train tracks as a music sheet? 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


32. EVH1 5-6

 

Lyon, a city in France, is famous for its murals.


(A) Creative people are not magicians. They are ordinary people like you and me. The only difference is that they try to find new things in themselves and their surroundings. They seek to make connections that have never been made. 1

(B) For these reasons, we can see the expressive creativity of many different forms of art in everyday objects we see around us. Who knows? You can be inspired, too! 2

(C) The city greets its visitors with its story-telling murals scattered all around it. At a glance, there seem to be many buildings that line the stairs in the mural above. However, the picture is a giant mural painted on a building wall. It looks so real that whoever happens to see it may be tempted to take the steps up to visit with those painted men and women. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


33. EVH1 6-1

 

[Livestock and the Environment].


(A) Sold in stores everywhere, bacon may be a triumph of modern living, but there is a dark side to the bacon industry. Pigs are raised in confined pens and fed corn that has been grown in vast fields that stretch as far as the eye can see. To grow the corn, huge amounts of fertilizer are used, which eventually gets washed into rivers and streams. 0

(B) To meet growing demand, livestock industries have turned to large-scale "manufacturing" of meat in huge "factories." Such a move, however, puts strain on the environment, in particular on the land and water resources of the earth. 2

(C) This affects the ecosystems of such bodies of water, and the fertilizer runoff ends up in fish and other marine life for kilometers around. This is the process necessary to get bacon onto our breakfast tables. Factory Farming That Dries Up Our Planet Annual meat consumption has reached an average of over 40 kilograms per person globally, and the demand is increasing. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


34. EVH1 6-2

 

Every year, over one billion tons of grain are consumed by farm animals.


(A) The bed of the Colorado River in the U.S. is expected to dry up soon;. Too much water has been drained from the river as neighboring farms need to grow feed for cows. 1

(B) More than two thirds of all agricultural land is used to raise grains and vegetables for livestock while merely eight percent of the agricultural land is used to grow food for direct human consumption. Moreover, about one third of the world's fresh water is used for meat production, which cuts into the supply of water for humans. 0

(C) In short, a large portion of our natural resources is used for meat production. 2


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


35. EVH1 6-3

 

[From Land to the Ocean].


(A) Livestock is said to produce 130 times as much manure as humans in the U.S. When not managed properly, the manure and water containing it cause severe harm to the ecosystems of rivers and oceans. 1

(B) When rain comes, manure is washed away with the runoff, polluting nearby soil, streams, and rivers all the way until it reaches the ocean. 2

(C) As more people want more meat, it is inevitable that land for livestock be extended to meet the demand. More meat production results in increased water pollution in both rivers and oceans since cows and pigs eat a lot and at the same time produce a lot of manure. 0


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


36. EVH1 6-4

 

Once it reaches the ocean, it contributes to the formation of what is known as a "dead zone."


(A) When too many plants grow in the water, they use up the ocean's oxygen, suffocating other plants and animals. The largest known dead zone occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in 2002, when runoff from the Mississippi River resulted in over 20,000 square kilometers of the Gulf area to become uninhabitable for oceanic life. 2

(B) Dead zones occur around the world, primarily near areas where heavy farming and industrial activity spill nutrients into the water. 0

(C) Concentrated levels of nutrients in water result in the blooming of algae, which are simple forms of water plants. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


37. EVH1 6-5

 

[The Unknown Contributor to Global Warming].


(A) However, about 15 percent is emitted by the growing number of cows and pigs. Statistics vary about the exact amount of methane emitted by a cow, but it is generally agreed that a single cow releases up to 120 kilograms of methane per year, more than any other domestic animal. That is about 1,000 times the amount of methane emitted by an average person. 2

(B) The increasing demand for meat and meat products brings trouble not only to the natural resources under our feet but also to those overhead in the atmosphere. Even though carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming in the air, recent research has shown that methane can have a greater impact. Methane is responsible for about 16 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. 0

(C) That doesn't seem like much, but experts warn that methane is over 20 times as powerful as carbon dioxide in trapping the sun's heat in the atmosphere. Where does all the methane come from? Much of the methane in the atmosphere is released naturally in damp areas. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


38. EVH1 6-6

 

Methane is produced in a cow's special digestive system.


(A) A cow has a stomach with four rooms to break down the food it eats. The food digested in the first two rooms is sent to the mouth to be chewed again, and then sent to the third and the fourth rooms. A cow does this for about eight hours on average every day during which it keeps burping and passing gas, giving off methane into the atmosphere. 0

(B) Koreans ate an average of 11 kilograms of meat per person in 1980, but the average increased to 51 kilograms in 2014. As people prefer increased animal protein in their meals, our land, rivers, and oceans are bound to suffer with no solution in sight. Maybe it is time we give our diets a second thought. 2

(C) Imagine the enormous amount of methane emitted from the burping mouths of 1.5 billion cows on six continents. The world's livestock industries are growing at an unprecedented rate due to population growth and rising incomes. The world's population is predicted to reach around nine billion by 2050. 1


① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A

 


[ANSWER]
1. ② 2. ④ 3. ③ 4. ④ 5. ① 6. ② 7. ④ 8. ③ 9. ① 10. ⑤


11. ④ 12. ② 13. ① 14. ⑤ 15. ④ 16. ① 17. ④ 18. ② 19. ① 20. ④


21. ② 22. ④ 23. ① 24. ① 25. ④ 26. ⑤ 27. ④ 28. ④ 29. ④ 30. ③


31. ③ 32. ④ 33. ① 34. ② 35. ④ 36. ③ 37. ③ 38. ① 

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