장원교육(임병빈외)

Lesson 1. Classroom without Walls

Lesson 2. Expression from Food

Lesson 3. Stories on Love

Lesson 4. Holidays and Special Days

Lesson 5. Your Life Can Be More Enjoyable

Lesson 6. The Art of Backpacking

Lesson 7. How Can Animals Help People?

Lesson 8. Where Can You Get Information?

Lesson 9. I Wish I'd Thought of That!

Lesson 10. Challenging Sports

Lesson 11. Earth First

Lesson 12. Let the World Know about Korea

Lesson 1 Classroom without Walls

Reading Ⅰ What Is Cyberschool?

Cyberschool is not a school in the traditional meaning. It teaches students over the Internet around the world. The goal of cyberschool is to give students more courses. The following story will help you understand the differences between a cyberschool class and a traditional class.

Ann, a 17-year-old student, decided to register for a world history class in the cyberschool. The title of the class was World War Ⅱ. She sent the registration form to the cyberteacher, Mr. Beck. The next day she received course information for the World War Ⅱ class, some World Wide Web sites, and a list of books. Luckily, she was able to find the books in the school library. She must write a report and submit it.

Ann received several messages from Mr. Beck. He told all the students to decide which area they wished to study - Europe, North Africa, or Asia. She answered that she would study the war in Europe. She got another e-mail from Mr. Beck with a new book list and web sites about Europe. Later she received the e-mail addresses of other students in the same class.

Ann enjoyed having discussions with the other students over the Internet. They had many discussions. She found that these discussions were very interesting and fun. These conversations were helpful for the shy students like her. She often felt too shy to talk in her regular class. And perhaps best of all, she could enjoy the class at any time of the day as long as she wanted. However, the report was not easy for her. Luckily her classmate from Korea agreed to exchange reports before they submitted them. She found several English mistakes for him and he gave more information to her. Her final report was e-mailed to Mr. Beck. She hopes that her report will be chosen as one of the best reports. Maybe her report will be read by thousands of people.

Reading Ⅱ How Can You Improve Your English?

As we know, the 21st century will be an exciting new environment for teachers, students, and educational systems. In our new world, teachers from all over the world will be able to send lessons over the Internet to students in any place of the world. English is the international language of science, business, and the Internet. Today, over 450,000,000 people in the world are learning English, but there are not enough teachers or classes for all the students who want to learn English. Internet courses can be the answer.

Let's take an example. You can take an English language course over the Internet. This course is designed for English language learners. It is a beginning course for those who cannot speak English well. The teacher is an English speaker with 18 years' experience teaching students from every part of the world. Every student must have computer access to the Internet. They must have materials such as textbooks, workbooks, notebooks, and dictionaries, too.

There are 12 lessons and a final exam. Students move through the course at their own speed. One credit is given after every 3 lessons, and there is a final exam. Each lesson consists of grammar studies, word studies, and English conversation. Reading, writing, and many kinds of activities will focus on familiar topics: friends, family, home, sports, jobs, and so on. To be successful, students need to be active in their learning.

Speed Reading Ⅰ Send E-mail

E-mail allows you to exchange messages and files with other people around the world. You can send messages to lots of people at the same time. E-mail breaks the walls of time and space. You do not have to wait weeks or even months to receive an answer.

While you are exchanging e-mails, you can have some interesting learning experiences. You can understand many different cultures, learn English. If you want to know about the American government, you can send an e-mail to the White House. In a moment you can get a lot of information about the American government.

As we are moving very fast into the Information Age, our classrooms don't have walls any more.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Internet in Its Early Stage

The Internet began in the late 1960s as a network of computers that the United States Department of Defense developed. In 1972, e-mail was invented to send messages across a network. In the 1980s, the National Science Foundation (NSF) made its own network, NSFNET. It allowed people to share data. Finally, many people connected their own computer to the NSFNET. It is now known as the Internet.

In 1992, the World Wide Web was made and Mosaic was released by the University of Illinois in 1993. The inventor of Mosaic had been moved to found his own business, Netscape. He improved on Mosaic and released it as Netscape in late 1994. The growth of the WWW has been very fast with the appearance of Netscape.

Lesson 2 Expressions from Food

Reading Ⅰ Apples

Apples are a common and popular fruit in the United States. People believe that apples are good for health. They say, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away."

Here is another expression that mentions apples. Apple pie is a very popular dessert in the United States. People think that an apple pie looks pretty and tastes delicious. When something is neat and clean, people say it's in apple-pie order.

This idiom can also mean 'everything is ready' or 'the plans are complete.'

Mother : Did you clean up your room?

Son : Yes, I did. It's in apple-pie order. May I go to the movies mow?

Mother : Yes, you'd better go now. I want your room to stay neat.

Salt

Do you trust a lot of people? Why do you trust certain people? Do they always tell the truth? Do they keep secrets? Do they keep promises? We often use food idioms to describe people. When you trust someone, you depend on that person. Salt is necessary to life. We depend on it. When you say that a person is the salt of the earth, you mean that you can depend on that person.

Patty : Sandra is a wonderful person! She took care of my kids for a week when I was sick.

Diana : She did the same thing for me. She's the salt of the earth.

Reading Ⅱ Pie

You may have heard the expression pie in the sky. It means unrealistic hopes or expectations that you think will not come true.

Mother : What do you want to be when you grow up?

Mike : I want to be a movie star. Then, I want to be President of my country.

Mother : Oh, Mike, be realistic. That's just pie in the sky.

Another expression used very often is as easy as pie. It has the same meaning as a piece of cake and duck soup. It means very, very easy. A piece of cake and duck soup are probably easy to eat.

People who are always busy with many different things have a finger in every pie. In this expression, pie means activity or thing that is happening.

Jane : Hi, Jim, can you help me with the Boy Scout meeting on Saturday?

Jim : Sure, but I'll be a little late. I have to coach the softball team at 10 a.m. And I'm going to an Internet Club meeting at 3 p.m.

Jane : You certainly have a finger in every pie.

Bread - and - Butter

Several food idioms use the words, bread-and-butter. Bread and butter are important foods. Bread is as common as salt. Butter adds fat to the diet. Bread tastes good with butter on it.

Cindy : What's Mary doing these days? I never see her.

Laura : She works for her bread-and-butter during the day, and she goes to school at night.

Cindy : Oh, she really works very hard!

Do you understand that Mary is working for money? Her bread- and-butter means the money that she needs to live.

After you eat a meal at someone's house or stay at someone's house for a while, you write a thank-you note. People call this a bread-and-butter letter

Speed Reading Ⅰ Apples

Imagine that you are in a store. You want a nice apple. You look at all the apples, and you choose the one that looks the best. To be the apple of someone's eye means to be that person's favorite.

Jim : Hi, honey. I'm home. Where's Cathy?

Jane : She's playing outside. The apple of your eye is playing ball with the boys.

A child is often the apple of his or her parents' eye. A good student might be the apple of a teacher's eye.

One rotten piece of fruit can spoil all the fruit around it. But when we say one bad apple spoils the barrel, we are usually talking about people, not fruit. One person can lead other people to do something wrong.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Hot Dog!/Hot Potato!

Do you know the meaning of hot dog? The expression 'hot dog' can show excitement. When you are excited because something makes you happy, you might say, "Hot dog!"

A hot potato, on the other hand, means trouble. Imagine taking a baked potato out of the oven with your bare hand. A hot potato is something that you want to get rid of or avoid.

Alice : Are you going to the meeting tonight?

Steve : No, Everyone is going to fight about the new rules.

Alice : The new rules are a real jot potato, but I think we have to give our opinions.

Lesson 3 Stories on Love

Reading Ⅰ Love - The Greatest Power

A college professor had his class go into the Baltimore slums to get case histories of 200 young boys. They were asked to write about each student's future. In almost all cases, the students wrote, "I haven't a chance." Twenty-five years later, another professor happened to see the earlier study. He asked his students to see what had happened to these boys. With the exception of 20 boys who had moved away or died, the students learned that 176 of the remaining 180 had achieved more than success as lawyers, doctors, and businessmen.

The professor was surprised and decided to look into the matter further. Fortunately, all the men were in the area and he was able to ask each one, "How do you explain your success?" In each case the answer came with feeling, "There was a teacher."

The teacher was still alive, so he found her and asked the old lady what magic she had used to pull these boys out of the slums into successful achievement.

The teacher's eyes were shining and her lips broke into a gentle smile. "It's really very simple," she said. "I loved those boys."

Reading Ⅱ A True Hero

Once upon a time there was a very old man who was about to die. He wanted to leave a diamond, the only wealth he had, to one of his three sons. But he couldn't decide which one should get it. He called the three sons into his room and told them.

"My sons, the only thing I have is this diamond. It has been in our family for generations, and I would not want it to be sold. Because it cannot be sold or divided, I can give it to only one of you. I will give the diamond to the one who does the greatest good in a week's time. Go now. Return in a week to tell me what you have done."

A week passed and the sons returned. Their father asked each son to tell what he had done.

"Father," said the first son, "I thought and thought of what I could do for the poor people. I made a list of all my property, divided it in half, and gave one half to the poor people in this city."

The old man shook his head. "Ah, that is good, but not good enough. Everyone should help the poor as much as possible." "Father," said the second son, "When I was returning home from work, I saw a little girl caught in the river. I can hardly swim, but I jumped into the river. I almost drowned, but I pulled the girl out and saved her life."

"That's good, too. Everyone should be willing to risk one's life to save a child."

Then the third son told what had happened to him. "Father, a wonderful thing happened to me. One morning I saw a man sleeping at the edge of a cliff. If he moved at all in his sleep, he would certainly fall over the cliff, thousands of feet down into the valley below! I came closer, because I didn't want to frighten him. Guess who the man was! Sancho, my worst enemy! He had tried many times to kill me whenever he had a chance."

"I moved as close as I could to the man. I put my arms gently around him. Suddenly he opened his eyes and looked into mine. I saw that he was afraid, so I told him not to be afraid and I rolled him away from the edge."

"He told me that he had come that way the night before. It was so dark and he was too tired to go on. So he walked off the path and went to sleep. He had no idea where he was. If he had walked any farther or turned in his sleep, he would have died. Sancho said, 'You saved my life!' We hugged each other and  promised to be friends forever. We realized that each of us found a friend, although we had been enemies before."

The old man said, "This is a beautiful story and an example of someone becoming a hero by a good deed. Very few men will risk their lives to help the enemy. You are really a great man. This diamond is yours."

Speed Reading Ⅰ Heaven and Hell

A man spoke with God about heaven and hell. God said to the man, "Come, I will show you hell." They entered a room where a group of people sat around a big pot of soup. Each held a spoon that reached the pot. Each spoon had a handle so much longer than their own arms. So it couldn't be used to get the soup into their mouths. It was terrible.

"Come, now I will show you heaven," God said after a while. They entered another room. Everything was the same, but there everyone was happy.

"I don't understand," said the man. "Why are they happy here?" God said, "Here they have learned to feed each other."

Speed Reading Ⅱ Two Brothers

Two brothers worked together on the family farm. One was married and had a large family. The other was single. At the day's end, the brothers shared everything equally.

One day the single brother said to himself, "It's not right that we should share everything equally. I'm alone and my needs are simple." So each night he took a sack of grain from his barn and walked across the field, dumping it into his brother's barn.

At this time, the married brother said to himself. "It's not right that we should share everything equally. My brother has no one to take care of his future." So each night he took a sack of grain and dumped it into his single brother's barn. One night they happened to meet each other on the way. They dropped their sacks and hugged each other.

Lesson 4 Holidays and Special Days

Reading Ⅰ Mother's Day

Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. Mother's Day was first recognized in 1907. Ana Jarvis, who was from Philadelphia, began a campaign to make a national Mother's Day. Jarvis asked her mother's church to celebrate Mother's Day on the 2nd Sunday of May in the second year of her mother's death.

Six years later President Wilson made the second Sunday in May for the public Mother's Day. It is now observed in countries all around the world, including England, France, Sweden, Denmark, India, China, and Mexico, where the celebration lasts 2 days.

Carnations are the Mother's Day flowers. Pink carnations are worn for a living mother and white carnations are worn if the mother has died. Children honor their mothers on this day with gifts, visits, and the wearing of carnations.

Our mother's love makes us feel that we are the luckiest people in the world for having her as our mother. Always try to do your best for the queen of your family, Mom!

A Mother

A mother is someone to protect and guide us,

To love us, whatever we do,

With a warm understanding and patience

And wonderful gentleness, too.

How softly mothers watch over their children

And keep them all through the years!

The heart of a mother is full of forgiveness

For any mistake, big or small.

A mother can make all our cares fall away.

She can brighten a home with the sound of her laughter

And make life delightful and happy.

A mother has wisdom and wonderful skill.

In each human heart there is one special corner

Which only a mother can fill!

Reading Ⅱ Father's Day

Father's Day falls on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for this day began in Spokane, Washington. A woman named Sonora Smart Dodd thought of the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon in 1909.

Senora had been raised by her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died. She wanted her father to know how special he was to her. In the eyes of the daughter, her father was a courageous, unselfish, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration on the 19th of June, 1910.

In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge declared the third Sunday in June as Father's Day. Roses are the Father's Day flowers. Red roses are worn for a living father and white roses are worn if the father has died.

A Dad

A Dad is a person who is loving and kind,

And often he knows what you have on your mind.

He's someone who listens, suggests, and defends.

A dad can be one of your very best friends!

He's proud of your victories.

But when things go wrong,

A dad can be patient and helpful and strong.

In all that you do, a dad's love plays a role.

There's always a place for him,

Deep in your heart.

And each year that passes, you're even more glad,

More grateful and proud.

Reading Ⅲ

Dear mom,

Every year at this time I remember my childhood. I was always feeling a little left out between my older brother and younger sister. My brother and I were sharing a room and we were not getting along. One morning when I woke up there was a card beside my bed. Inside the card you spelled MIDDLE and from each letter you spelled out everything that made me feel special. You knew just what I needed and for that I will always be thankful. Thank you Mom. I love you!

With love

David

May 10

When I was a little girl, my Mom took me to the store to buy me a teddy bear. She told me that when she was a little girl, her mother bought her teddy bear, so she wanted to continue the tradition and buy me one, too. We picked a brown teddy bear which resembled the one she had as a child. I still have my teddy bear and I also want to continue the tradition with my own daughter.

Speed Reading Ⅰ Kindness Week

Kindness Week is a movement for the power of kindness. The goal is to change our society through the practice of simple and day-to-day kindness to other people.

The Kindness Movement was started first by Anne Herbert's words 'Practice Kindness and Acts of Beauty.' The Movement has grown internationally, spreading through classrooms, churches, hospitals, businesses, and clubs.

Kindness Week celebrations have increased in size. It is now celebrated by millions of people around the world. Thousands of schools are joining this movement. With your help we can spread the message in our society and throughout the world every year. Won't you please help to change our world into a kinder place?

Speed Reading Ⅱ Bike-to-Work Week

Bike-to-Work Week is an event to encourage biking. In 1995, the first Bike-to-Work Day was started in California. Since then, Bike-to-Work Day has been spread to many other cities and expanded to Bike-to-Work Week. May is national bike month in America.

On this week, biking is encouraged as an everyday means of transportation and recreation. Various activities are held by cities, bike shops, schools, and others who support bicycle transportation. Events may include many kinds of ,bike races, bike shows, live music concerts, and so on. In some places free food, drinks, and shirts are given away.

Bike-to-Work Week events may be planned in your school. Riding your bike is a great way to stay in shape and to feel better. It can save money and the environment. Riding bikes can be less stressful than sitting in heavy traffic.

Lesson 5 Your Life Can Be More Enjoyable

Reading Ⅰ How Did Rock and Roll Become Popular?

In 1955, rock and roll was born in America. That year 'Bill Haley and His Comets' performed Rock Around the Clock, the first big hit of this new style of music. It was first known as rock and roll and then simply as rock. It has become the most popular type of American music from that time on. And it would always appeal to young people as an expression of identity and freedom.

Rock and roll of the mid-1950s grew out of rhythm and blues. It was a dance music of African-Americans that combined blues and jazz. Rock was also influenced by country and western music. The most successful early rock and roll performer was Elvis Presley. He was called the king of rock and roll.

Just as rock and roll came from a combination of music styles, it developed into many different forms. British groups played an important part in the development of rock music in the 1960s.

The Beatles were the first British group to achieve success in the USA. Their first hit recordings were I Want to Hold Your Hand, Can't Buy Me Love, and Love Me Do. Other successful British groups were the Rolling Stones, the Who, and  the Animals.

The 1970s and 1980s also saw the development of different styles of rock music. Even today, rock is still wide open to variety. It is still the music of young people. And older people who listened to rock when they were young continue to enjoy it. In many ways, rock is a mirror of American culture.

Reading Ⅱ Shooting a Film

There is excitement in the film studio. They are shooting a scene. The director of the film is there with a team of technicians. His work is a difficult one. He has to be creative, but at the same time he has to satisfy popular taste. He has to consider many different things such as the story and the scenario, the dialog and the action, the camera-work, and lighting. Finally, he has to get them all combined into a motion picture.

His assistants - the cameraman, the make-up artist, and several others - are all helping him. The cameraman has the camera set up and focused by his assistants. An assistant brings in new film and the chief cameraman has the camera loaded with it. The actors are on the set. The set is a large apartment.

The director tells the actors, for the last time, what the action is going to be and how he wants to have it performed. He is quite satisfied with the rehearsals he has had already. The actors take up their positions.

The cameraman has the camera focused on the scene. The man in charge of the lighting has the set lit up with the necessary lights. The chief technician has two microphones hidden out of sight of the camera. These are to catch the words of the actors. The cameraman has the electric power turned on. This is needed to drive the motors of the cameras. Everything is ready for the shooting of the scene.

Now the assistant director gets the studio door shut. The scene is going to be shot. The director's voice calls out, "Silence! Get ready!" A green light comes on. A board, giving the title of the scene and shot number, is held before the camera. The camera is switched on. The board is then removed, leaving the camera focused on the actors. This is the moment when the action begins.

The leading actor speaks his line. "Cut!" shouts the director. The camera stops. All look around in surprise. The director angrily tells the make-up artist to fix the actor's beard. He quickly gets it fixed by the make-up artist.

The shooting of scene begins again. The action and dialog continue without stopping. "Cut!" shouts the director. "What's wrong this time?" asks an actor who has been on the set for two whole hours. "There's nothing wrong. It's perfect," smiles back the director.

Speed Reading Ⅰ About Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany in 1770 and died in Vienna, Austria in 1827. He came to live in Vienna because he heard his mother was dying. His father used to beat him and that's the reason why he lost his hearing. Altogether he played nine symphonies. All of them were romantic and classical. He was never married. He had loved women but they were married or they turned him down. He heard music in his head. As he heard it, he wrote it down on paper. He went crazy. When he died, about 10,000 people attended his funeral.

Fur Elise is my favorite song. It was found after his death. Elise was a woman that he respected.

Speed Reading ⅡReview of Titanic

I saw the movie Titanic. The ship was made out of iron and it had lots of rooms. The ship had rooms for the poor downstairs and it had rooms for the rich upstairs. I think it's not fair.

The poor people didn't have a table to eat on and they only had bread to eat and nothing to drink. When the Titanic sank, the poor people couldn't get out because the rich people locked the downstairs. The poor people were in their rooms crying and they died in their beds.

The movie Titanic is a true story, but Rose and Jack were not really passengers on the ship. The Titanic sank in 1912 in the Atlantic Ocean. The ship sank because an iceberg was straight ahead. The captain tried to turn the ship but it was too late when he saw the iceberg.

Lesson 6 The Art of Backpacking

Reading Ⅰ Q ＊ A : About Backpacking

Backpacking is one of the greatest adventures in life. It can be an exciting experience because you visit other countries, learn new cultures, and see new sights. It is educational as well as fun. Here are some questions and answers about backpacking.

Q1 I've never been before, but I'm going...where do I start?

A1  First, check your money and see where you can go, and how long you can stay. Second, think about all the countries that you want to see. Check out what's cool to see in each area, and you won't miss anything. Third, make a schedule. And then make a list of things to carry. Finally, get as much information as possible.

Q2 What type of backpack should I take?

A2 If you do decide to go with a backpack, it is convenient. Your backpack must be comfortable and well-made. Zip off bottom parts are good for keeping shoes or wet clothes in plastic bags. Your backpack will be your friend, worst enemy, and teddy bear. You will hate and love it at the same time.

Q3 How much will it cost me to travel?

A3 It's more expensive in the United States than other countries. But for Europe it'll cost about $650∼$950 for every two weeks, not including plane ticket to get there. The longer you stay, the cheaper it becomes because a 10-day Eurorail pass is not twice what a 5-day Eurorail pass is. In addition, you get more and more experienced as you go along. If you are new, don't worry. It'll get easier as you go.

Q4 Is it safe to travel alone?

A4 It depends on where you go. It can be dangerous to travel alone. But if you stay in Youth Hostels, then you would be all right. When you travel alone, try to make friends. Don't think that you'll never see these people again, because you can keep in touch with them by way of mail or the Internet. One day one of them may want to visit you. When you're away from home, it's good not to be all alone.

Q5 What about the language?

A5 Unless you are a genius, it's impossible to master each language for every country that you visit. However, the more you know about the language, the people, and the country you're visiting, the better

your trip will be. So pick up a small book written in Korean and the languages of the countries you are going to visit, and read it.

Reading Ⅱ What and How to Save

AIR TRAVEL

The first thing to worry about is your plane ticket. Always make a reservation in advance. Many discount fares require that you make a reservation 30 days before your trip. Flights on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday usually have the lowest fares. Saturday flights sometimes have discount fares, but in general it's more expensive to fly on a weekend than a weekday.

EURORAIL

Don't forget! If you are traveling in Europe, you'd better get a Eurorail Pass. It is the most convenient way to travel. You can use one pass for 24 hours. You can take an overnight train, or one that travels late, and you can also sleep on the train. For example, you can sleep, to France. Use this wisely.

LIVING

You may want to stay in a B&B (Bed and Breakfast) or Youth Hostels. The cheapest way to visit places is backpacking and staying in Youth Hostels. Youth Hostels are usually $15∼25 a night. Make reservations if you can. When you want to stay in Youth Hostels, you need a Youth Hostel ID. You can also stay in a B&B. B&B hotels are a little more expensive than Youth Hostels, but you get your own room, and much better service.

FOOD

A good way to save money is not eating out too much. There are always grocery stores around the corner. Bread, meat, cheese, and soft drinks are cheap at a corner store. Someone suggests, "Food and eating are an important part of the different cultures." That's right, but don't waste too much. Be wise about it!

Speed Reading Ⅰ A Trip to Paris

During my travel in Europe, I visited Paris. It is the most beautiful city I have ever visited. I recommend to go to the top of the Eiffel Tower, visit Notre Dame, and the Louvre Museum. That is the museum where you will find the famous Mona Lisa. Another place to visit while in Paris is the Palace of Versailles. You must see this palace while in Paris. You can also travel to anywhere you want by the

Metro in Paris. But there is a language problem. It is helpful to know a little French because it is difficult to get around without knowing any.

The trip to Paris was one of my most wonderful experiences.

Speed Reading Ⅱ A Trip to the Big Apple

Your plane to New York City has landed at Kennedy International Airport. Before you run off to see the sights, you should know a little about the best way of getting around the big city.

You'll probably spend most of your vacation time in Manhattan. Manhattan is an island. It is twelve miles long and two and a half miles across at its widest point. Here you'll find such tourist attractions as the United Nations and the Empire State Building.

New York is one of the few cities where walking is not only encouraged, but is the most convenient way to get around. Many famous places are close together, and transportation is slow. So when you visit New York, put on your walking shoes and walk along the streets to see the many colorful sights of the city.

Lesson 7 How Can Animals Help People?

Reading Ⅰ Do Animals Have Magic Power?

Sometimes animals help people in many ways. For example, people in prison who are allowed to keep pets sometimes become less nervous.

Animals also seem to help people who are sick or lonely. People in nursing homes showed great joy when pets were brought to them. They liked to touch the animals and talk to them, And they liked to talk to one another about the animals. One doctor showed that heart patients who owned pets lived longer than those who didn't. This may be because pets helped these people relax.

A study of people and pets was done at the University of Pennsylvania. This fact was discovered: the blood pressure of the people who were studied either stayed the same or went down when they spoke to animals. Normal blood pressure is important to good health. Doctors say, blood pressure often goes up when people talk to people!

Pets can be good friends. People who spend a lot of time alone often have pets as their closest friends. Many children also feel their pets are their best friends.

Do animals have magic power to help people? Scientists think the magic is simply love and trust. Pets usually welcome people and show them love. The studies seem to show that animals are good medicine.

Animals can be trained to help people. Dogs are used to find bombs and drugs. Police dogs attack when ordered. Dogs learn how to crawl through narrow places, jump over fences, and climb ladders. They learn how to obey. Birds can be taught to carry mail.

Monkeys can be trained to help people who are handicapped. For example, they are taught to turn on the lights, feed people, and even turn on the computers.

Sometimes animals help people in unusual ways. A dog in England discovered that his owner had a cancer on his leg. The dog barked at the leg, but his owner didn't pay attention. He didn't think it was serious. One day the dog bit the cancer. This time, the man had to go to the doctor. The doctor said, "It's lucky that you came. We must take care of this right away!" The dog saved his master's life. How did it know that it was a cancer? Researchers are now trying to find out more about such interesting cases.

Reading Ⅱ Weather Wisdom

A long time ago, when people lived mostly outdoors, they were close to nature. They found that plants, animals, insects, and birds sensed the coming of a storm sooner than people did. All living things have a natural instinct to save their own lives and so they look for shelter just before a storm. When people saw animals seeking shelter, they did, too. People used nature to know about the change of weather.

For example, they could get information about the change of weather by watching spiders in their webs. Usually spiders build their webs between 6 and 7 p.m. But just before a rain, the air becomes humid, and spiders build more and larger nets. They seem to know that insects will be easier to catch when the humidity is high. The moisture in the air makes it difficult for them to fly.

However, since a heavy rain would destroy a spider's web and wash away the insects caught in it, spiders will take down their nets before a storm.

Some people watch ants for the change of weather. Anytime you can see ants building hills around their holes. About two hours before a rain, all kinds of ants build dams around the ant hill. These dams, which are sometimes several inches high, prevent rainwater from running into the ant hills. The ants will stay inside until the rain is over.

Speed Reading Ⅰ Do the Animals Know?

Many animals do strange things before an earthquake. Some animals make a lot of noise before an earthquake. Dogs that are usually quiet start to bark. Horses on farms run around in circles. Mice leave their holes and run away. Cows give less milk.

In a town in Italy, cats raced down the street in a group. That happened only a few hours before an earthquake. In San Francisco, a man kept tiny pet frogs. One Sunday, the frogs jumped around more than ever. They made loud noises, like bigger frogs. That night, an earthquake struck the city.

People want to know when an earthquake is coming. Right now, there is no sure way to know ahead of time. Maybe the best idea is to watch the animals.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Search Dogs

Search dogs are trained to find missing people. Using only its sense of smell, a single dog can search an area eight times faster than a search team of 20 people. A search begins when the dog receives the smell from an article that the missing person has used. The dog then sets to work following the smell.

Besides a good sense of smell, search dogs must have other special qualities. They must be able to learn quickly. They must be tough enough to stand severe weather. Searches often take place in snow and bitter cold.

Search dogs have done some things that seemed impossible. Some dogs have searched for people across rivers. Others have followed a smell for 100 miles. A dog once found a person still alive under 14 feet of snow, after a snowslide on a mountain.

Lesson 8 Where Can You Get Information?

Reading ⅠEncyclopedias

When you need the answer to almost any question, look in an encyclopedia. It has information about people, places, and things. It is full of facts. It has a great deal of information on events and people who lived in the past.

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882 ~ 1945)

Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the United States. He served longer than any other

president - over 12 years - from 1993 to 1945. He was called FDR for short.

He was born in 1882, in Hyde Park, New York, to a wealthy family. In 1921, he got sick with polio. Even though he couldn't walk well, he went on to do great things. He was one of the America's greatest presidents.

He led the United States through the Great Depression, a time when millions of people had no jobs and little money. He said, "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself." He started many government programs that helped older people and sick people. He also led the United States on its way to victory in World War Ⅱ. He died suddenly in 1945.

Reading Ⅱ Magazines

Magazines come out every week or every month. The information is recent and the articles are written in an interesting way to attract the reader. Often it is fun just to look at the pictures in a magazine.

Many magazines focus on one subject area. For example, there are magazines with articles only about sports. There are also magazines for students of your age.

A Real Success Story

Success, then a problem, then success. That's the story of Gloria Estefan, a singer with the hit group, Miami Sound Machine.

The Cuban-born singer and songwriter became famous in the 1980s. Her group attracted millions of listeners with the sounds of dance music.

Then Estefan was in a terrible car accident. Her back was broken. Doctors operated and put two metal rods down Estefan's back. Estefan was in great pain. She says, "The beginning was the worst." She could only lift her foot an inch off the ground. Slowly she could walk on her own. Now she is back on stage singing and dancing. And her albums sell thousands of copies.

Reading Ⅲ Newspapers

The newspaper has information about events that are happening in the world. News stories give facts. Newspapers have various sections in addition to news sections. They have sports and business sections. They also have feature sections. The articles in the feature sections are a lot like the articles in magazines.

Volcano Erupts and Travel Is Stopped

NEW ZEALAND - September 26.

Mount Ruapehu has begun to throw out ash, steam, and rocks. Dr. Sidney Simons, an expert in volcanoes, told reporters that a major eruption could occur at any time. He has asked the government to take action to keep people safe.

The government has stopped travel. Airplanes are not allowed to fly near the mountain because the ash may cause the engines to stop working. Train travel in the area has been stopped because the railroad runs near the side of the mountain. Ash and rocks could fall on the rails.

People in the area can expect heavy ash to fall. One man told reporters, "I'm leaving! I'm too afraid to stay here any longer." Many more people may decide to leave the area.

Speed Reading Ⅰ Classified Ads

For Direct Classified Service Call 800-0557 10 A.M. ~ 4 P.M. Mon ~ Fri.

HELP WANTED

■PERSON WANTED for delivery work.

Own transportation.

Good pay. Apply 2311 E. after 9 a.m.

■WAITER WANTED

10 a.m. ~ 2 p.m. or 10:30 a.m. ~ 5 p.m. Apply in person, 207 S. Main. Curtis Restaurant.

BUSINESS SERVICE

■EARLY HOUR WAKE-UP SERVICE

Quick and kind wake-up service. 800-0760

■TYPING AND EDITING

Call Jean. 800-3594 10 a.m. ~ 10 p.m.

■EXPERIENCED GUITAR TEACHER

wants students. Folk & Jazz. John. 800-7535

Speed Reading Ⅱ What Is Happening This Week?

Bargain Days at the Mall

The biggest sale of the year will began tomorrow(Thursday) at the mall. This is the 4th year that stores in the mall have had Bargain Days. There will be bargain prices on summer clothing.

League News

The Jets and the Eagles are matched for a game Thursday evening. They will go into action at 6:30. The game will be at the York Gym.

The Greatest Show on Earth

The circus will arrive on Friday. It sill be performing at the City Fairground. The first show will be at 7:30 Friday evening . For more information, call 782-2578.

Lesson 9 I Wish I'd Thought of That!

Reading Ⅰ The Bikini

Clothes similar to the bikini have been worn for ages. Paintings from ancient Italy show that women were wearing two-piece clothes about four thousand years ago. But the modern bikini was born in 1946, and was called the bikini for a special reason. In July 1946, the USA government announced that they would soon be testing an atom bomb at the Bikini Atoll, a small island, in the North Pacific. This was the first time the USA government announced the testing of an atom bomb, and people around the world were worried about the military exploding the most powerful bomb in history. End-of-the- world fears were running high.

At the same time, Paris was hosting a fashion show that was scheduled to take place four days after the explosion. Designer Louis Reard had already planned on introducing something explosive. He was putting model Micheline Bernardini in a two- piece bathing suit. He thought that if he called it a bikini, he'd attract even more attention.

People loved it. They thought that if the world ended, no one would be around to complain about how much skin the model had revealed, and if the world didn't end, they might just have introduced something new in beachwear. The world survived. And so did the bikini.

Reading Ⅱ Potato Chips

How did potato chips come into the world as our favorite food? Here's the story.

Thomas Jefferson enjoyed the thick- cut fried potatoes while he worked in France, where they had been popular since the 1700s. When he returned to America, he served French fries to guests. Since then the dish had been popular in America.

In the summer of 1853, Native American George Crum worked as a cook at an expensive restaurant, Moon Lake Lodge, in Saratoga Springs, New York. On the restaurant menu was French-fried potatoes, prepared by Crum.

At Moon Lake Lodge, one dinner customer said that Crum's French fries were too thick. So Crum made more, this time thinner. The customer still didn't like them. Crum got mad.

He decided to make the customer angry. So he cut the potatoes very, very thin. But the customer loved the paper-thin potatoes, and other customers ordered Crum's potato chips, which began to appear on the menu as Saratoga Chips, a house specialty. Soon they were packaged and sold throughout the New England area. Crum finally opened his own restaurant and made his special chips.

It took a long time to make potato chips. People peeled the potatoes by hand. Then, in 1920, the automatic potato peeler changed everything. It was faster and easier to make potato chips. They were popular snack food, but only in the North.

For several years after their creation, potato chips were largely a Northern dinner dish. A salesman named Herman Lay wanted to sell potato chips in the South. He sold potato chips in bags out of the trunk of his car. His business grew. Today, Americans eat a lot of potato chips.

Reading Ⅲ Blue Jeans

Levi Strauss, a young man from Germany, arrived in San Francisco in 1850. Thousands of men were coming to California to dig for gold. And Levi Strauss came to sell canvas to these gold miners. Canvas was used for tents and wagon covers.

One day strauss heard a miner complain that he couldn't find clothes strong enough for the work. He thought about the miner's problem and began sewing new pants for them. In one day Strauss sold all the pants he had made.

Strauss wanted to improve his pants. He bought some cloth that was softer than canvas but just as strong. This cloth came from Nimes, a city in France. Miners called it 'denim(from de Nimes)' and bought even more pants from Strauss. However, the denim pants did not look very nice, and they got dirty easily. To solve these problems, Strauss dyed them blue to hide the dirt stains. They were popular with cowboys as well as miners.

Speed Reading Ⅰ Ice Cream Cones

For people who lived near St. Louis, Missouri, the biggest event in the summer of 1904 was the Louisiana Fair. That was the place where ice cream cones were first made and sold. The person who did it was Charles Menches. He was a seller of ice cream. He sold his ice cream in dishes the way every other ice cream man did.

One day the biggest problem happened to him. There were too many hot people who wanted ice cream. Soon he ran out of dishes. He looked around him and thought fast. Nearby was a stand where his friend was selling a Middle Eastern food called Zalabia. It is a kind of a pastry. "Give me Zalabia!" cried Menches. He rolled up the Zalabia and scooped his ice cream on top. Everybody loved it. Ice cream cones were born.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Popsicles

Frank Epperson, an eleven-year-old, invented the Popsicle and the invention was accidental. One day Frank mixed some soda water powder and water, which was a popular drink in those days. He left the mixture outside in the backyard during the night with the stirring stick still in it. The temperature dropped to a record low that night. The next day he had a stick of frozen soda water to show his friends at school. All of his friends loved it.

Eighteen years later, in 1923, he remembered the frozen soda water mixture and began a business producing Epsicles in seven fruit flavors. The name was later changed to the Popsicle. Today there are more than thirty different flavors, but the favorite flavor through the years has remained orange.

Lesson 10 Challenging Sports

Reading Ⅰ Skydiving at 10,000 Feet

Some people think jumping from a plane at 10,000 feet above the ground is relaxing. One person who chooses this kind of jumping as a way to relax is Kay Reno. Kay has been a member of the Free Fall Club for three years.

She says, "I can really relax when I'm several thousand feet up. When I'm falling down, I don't worry about anything. All the things I worry about at work disappear. I even forget all the bills I have to pay. I just wish the fall lasted longer. From the time we leave the door of the plane until we hit the ground is about five minutes. It ends too soon." Most of the club members jump about once every two weeks. But a special team jumps about twice each week. They do special acts as they jump for different shows. They jump at about fifty air shows each year.

The team is becoming very popular and is always a big hit at the shows.

While falling, they make what the team calls a round. They make the round by hanging in to one another while falling. Then they break apart and fall down. Jay says, "We keep our attention on what we are doing. We really watch out for one another. There is no joking up there. The joking comes after we have landed safely on the ground."

Is it a safe sport? Kay says, "Several sports are dangerous. To take part in most sports, there are things you must do to make them safe. This is true with skydiving. You need good training. Safety is an important part of the training. Safety should always take first place. You must practice and stay in shape."

Skydiving has come a long way since its beginning. At first divers landed wherever the wind took them. Now they have ropes to pull to help them fall toward the area where they want to land. This has helped the sport to become more popular.

"I'm always surprised at who our new members are," says Kay Reno.

"They are young but not so young. One of our newest members is above fifty years of age. There are doctors, teachers, lawyers, businessmen, and farmers." With a smile, Kay adds, "I think our club is doing OK. No members have left our club yet."

Reading Ⅱ Scuba Diving

Scuba divers enter a world where they often cannot tell up from down and where sounds are strange. They can't see more than about 10 meters (33 feet) in any direction. Divers often experience a dizzy feeling from the great pressure of the water on the body. Often they stay in a world of water where neither the surface above nor the bottom below can be seen.

In spite of the dangers, there are good reasons for scuba diving. Scuba divers have greater freedom of movement than the deep-sea divers. Their foot fins can increase their swimming speed by as much as 40 percent.

Scuba divers often help the police in recovering bodies and stolen goods. They also help underwater construction. Sometimes they work together to find sunken ships. One diver found a box of treasure which had been on the bottom for 2,000 years. Another diving team found a ton of goods from a ship lost at sea 32 centuries ago.

Scuba diving has become a popular form of recreation. There are over 1,000 scuba diving clubs in the United States alone. At first many divers caught fish. Now most prefer to take pictures or simply to enjoy the strange and beautiful world under the sea.

Speed Reading Ⅰ A Special Athlete

Susan Schapiro is a lawyer and a top athlete. To keep healthy, she races eight miles every morning near her house. Every year, she enters several 26-mile marathon races. She has also started skiing.

Schapiro says she takes part in marathons for the same reasons that runners who aren't handicapped do. The races are fun. It helps strengthen her heart and lungs and gives her a feeling of good health. Racing also helps her have the idea that a handicapped person can be strong and not helpless.

Schapiro's racing has helped change many people's ideas about handicapped people. She also uses her law training to help other handicapped people.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Bungee Jumping

Bungee jumping first started hundreds of years ago in the South Pacific island of Vanuatu. Young natives used to fall off big trees with vines tied to their ankles, as a test of manhood. In spite of popular belief, modern bungee jumping started in 1979 from the Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol, England. Since then, bungee jumping has spread to many other countries across the world.

One bungee jump is almost as dangerous as driving 100 miles in a car. (About 2 chances of death in a million.) There have been millions of safe bungle jumps, and only a few accidents. Almost every accident was caused by the jumper. When the jumper is not well connected to the rope or the rope is not well connected to the jump platform, an accident can happen.

Lesson 11 Earth First

Reading Ⅰ How Do People Pollute the Oceans?

People pollute the oceans by throwing garbage on the beach or into the water. Garbage harms plants and animals in the oceans.

Factories pollute the oceans by dumping chemicals into the water. Like garbage, chemicals harm plants and animals. Farmers pollute the oceans by using chemicals to kill insects. Farmers also pollute the oceans by using chemical fertilizers to help make plants grow, The chemicals get into waterways and run into the oceans. The chemicals help farmers, but they harm ocean animals and plants.

Accidents also cause pollution. Oil tankers can pollute the ocean by spilling oil into the water. The oil can kill fish and birds. It can also kill the tiny plants and animals in the ocean that are food for larger animals.

Governments, farmers, factories, and scientists alike can all help reduce pollution. Governments can Pass laws to control pollution. Governments can make factories pay fines for polluting the water. Farmers can stop using dangerous chemicals. Farmers can use other insects like ladybugs to eat harmful insects. Farmers can also use chemicals that are less harmful to plants and animals. Factories can stop dumping dangerous chemicals into the water. When they finish using harmful chemicals, they can store them in special places.

Not all chemicals pollute. Scientists can find safe chemicals that do not harm plants and animals. Then factories and farmers can stop using harmful chemicals.

When the last tree has died, the last river has been poisoned, and the last fish has been caught, only then will we realize that we can't eat money?

Reading Ⅱ Your Actions Can Change the World

Can you think of some things you can do to help the earth? There are many things you can do in order to protect the earth.

For example, use less paper. Since most paper comes from trees, using less paper can help save the rainforests. Use recycled paper whenever possible. It's better to use tree-free paper. Tree-free paper uses no trees; it is made from plants like corn stalks and wheat straw. Remember to save paper by writing on both sides of the sheet and by using half-sheets whenever you can. And remember to recycle all the time.

Another way to use less paper is to use a lunch box or canvas bag for your school lunches, and take a canvas bag to the grocery store instead of using a paper or plastic bag. Use cloth napkins at home and at school instead of paper napkins, and use cloth towels to dry your hands instead of paper towels. If you must use paper napkins or towels, use only one at a time instead of using a handful.

Use less gasoline and plastic. Gasoline and plastic are two things that are made from petroleum or oil. A lot of oil comes from the rain forests. Using less oil products can help save the rain forests. Instead of using gasoline to drive somewhere in a car, ride your bike, walk, carpool, or take the bus whenever possible. Also make sure your family's car tires have enough air since low air in tires uses more gas than necessary.

Reduce the amount of plastic you use by choosing glass bottles and containers whenever possible and by reusing the plastic containers and bottles that you already have. If you have a plastic water bottle, do not throw it out and buy a new one. Instead, wash it and refill it again and again.

Your effort shouldn't last just one day. You need to find ways to help save our earth.

Speed Reading Ⅰ What Can You Do to Help the Environment?

Everyone can help take care of the environment. Everyone can make less garbage. Here are some things you can do.

Reduce! Use less paper. When you write, use both sides of every sheet of paper. When you work in the kitchen, clean up with cloth rags, not with paper towels.

Reuse! Think of the things you use once and throw away. When you drink from a plastic cup, don't throw it away. Wash it and use it again. Think of other use for plastic things. For example, you can plant seeds in plastic bottles.

Recycle! Materials like plastic and newspaper can be recycled. Plastic containers can be recycled to make new plastic containers. Newspapers can be recycled to make new paper.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Why Should We Take Care of Trees?

Trees are much more than something pretty in your yard. They are important for many reasons. They provide home for animals, provide people with forest products, provide a recreation area, and so on. Trees act like filters. They take carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen. A healthy tree uses over 20 pounds of carbon dioxide each year. The carbon is stored in the tree and the oxygen is released back into the air. Trees are outdoor air conditioners. They provide a natural way to cool your house in summer and can protect your home from the cold wind of winter.

A successful city tree program can also influence whole cities. Cities are often 10 degrees warmer than the countryside because of the heat caused by concrete.

Lesson 12 Let the World Know about Korea

Reading Ⅰ Korea's National Costume, Hanbok

Hanbok, Korea's national costume, reflects the culture of Korea.

The woman's hanbok consists of jeogori, a blouse, and a skirt called chima. The man's hanbok consists of a longer jeogori and baggy Pants called baji. Like much of Korea's art, hanbok is characterized by curves, flowing lines, and plenty of blank spaces.

There is a reason why hanbok covers almost the whole body. Confucianism has ruled the Korean minds for much of the country's history. Hanbok reflects these traditional values, and the various types of hanbok reflect the social status of the wearers.

The long white overcoat has long symbolized the dignity of the traditional gentleman. Noble women of the Joseon period wore long coats called jangot. Whenever they went out, it was considered polite for a woman not to show her face in public.

Colors also showed social status and personal background. Common people were dressed in white except for seasonal festivals or special events, when they were dressed in hanbok made of bright primary colors. The ruling class, on the other hand, often wore primary colors.

Unmarried women traditionally wore yellow jeogori and red chima, an attractive combination. After marriage, the color of a woman's ceremonial costume showed her husband's social status. Interestingly the Korean traditional costume reflects perhaps a belief that the clothes do, in fact, make the man or woman.

Reading Ⅱ Pyeongyang Cold Noodles, Naengmyeon

One of the pleasures of visiting North Korea is enjoying her special dishes. There are many kinds of special dishes in North Korea. Perhaps one of the most popular dishes is cold noodles, naengmyeon. Naengmyeon is made from a mix of wheat, buckwheat, and potatoes. The mixing ratio varies from area to area in North Korea. In Sinuiju and  Anju, there is more potato in the mix, while in Gaeseong, there is more wheat in the mix. North Koreans are crazy about naengmyeon. After having a good deal of grilled meat (bulgogi), they often eat as much as 200 grams of naengmyeon!

Even in Pyeongyang, dishes vary from restaurant to restaurant. The Pyeongyang citizens who love to talk usually say: "When it comes to naengmyeon, the Ongnyugwan is the best." "No! No! The restaurant of Hotel Goryeo is better!" "No! Ansangwan is better!" and so they talk on and on.

Reading Ⅲ A Traditional Musical Group, Samulnori

Much of Korean culture came to be modernized in recent times, and this trend threatened the survival of the folk arts.

It was at about this time that a number of young performers, members of namsadang, the wandering singers, performed together. They gave birth to samulnori, a traditional musical group back in February, 1978. The name of samulnori originally meant the formation of the four musicians playing the four musical instruments - kkwaenggwari, jing, janggo, and buk. But it has now come to be used more generally.

The music they played then was Utdari Pungmul (the Gut rhythm of Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do), Yeongnam Folk Music, and Honam Udo Gut. However, the music they play has changed to reflect the new trends and demands of the times.

This new musical experiment had a great influence on the culture and arts of Korea. It revived the interest of the people in the traditional arts.

Samulnori went on performing Madang and Puri with the orchestra. Their performance also includes dances, film, jazz, and ballet music. Samulnori has become popular not only in Korea, but also worldwide. Samulnori has the international networking of the fan club called samulnorian. Samulnori, therefore, no longer belongs to a single group or organization.

Speed Reading Ⅰ Hallasan

Hallasan is located at the center of Jeju-do. It is the highest mountain in South Korea. It stands 1,950 meters high in the center of the island. The area which is under 200 meters above sea level is used for houses, for farm land, and for fruit farming. The area which is between 200 meters and 500 meters above sea level is used for tourism. The area which is between 500 meters and 1,000 meters is forest. The top area above 1,000 meters is protected as Hallasan National Park. There are several waterfalls, many beautiful valleys, strange shaped rocks, a variety of forests, and about 1,800 species of plants. At its top sits a lake called 'Baengnokdam.' It means 'White Deer Lake' because according to a legend, white deer came there to drink water.

Speed Reading Ⅱ Baekdusan

Baekdusan is located at the border of Korea and China, and is the highest mountain in Korea. It is believed to have been the place of origin of Koreans. Baekdusan has a height of 2,744 meters and a total area of about 8,000 kilometers. It has been called by different names since the old days: Bulhamsan, Dotaesan, Taebaeksan, Jangbaeksan and so on.

Baekdusan is rich in natural resources and contains traces of our history. There is Cheonji, the lake at the top at a height of 2,155 meters, There are 16 peaks exceeding 2,500 meters in height and also many fantastic rock formations. On the mountain, 1,400 different species of plants and 400 species of animals live together to form a unique natural system. The mountain, with its beautiful natural environment, has recently been recognized as an international tourist attraction.