232_s3 본문읽기 45
카테고리 없음2023. 6. 7. 14:26
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23수특-T303
Let's say you're storing a working microwave in your basement. You're not currently using the microwave; instead, it's collecting dust. Applying the concept of utility informs us that the microwave has no true value to you or anyone else because it isn't being used right now for its intended purpose (which is, of course, to warm food). But if you donated or sold that microwave to someone who could use it, you would immediately restore its value while also saving the recipient from having to purchase a brand new one. Many consumers balk at the idea of donating or selling perfectly decent items, and that's understandable, as items cost money. But thanks to constant product turnover and innovation, electronics and appliances quickly become outdated. Giving that microwave to someone in your community who needs it to warm food right now decreases the chances of finite resources, including fossil fuels, copper, other metals, and water, being extracted from the earth to make another microwave.
23수특-T304
Think about what is inaccurately described as mindless sprawl in our physical environment. We condemn the unstoppable spread of low-density suburbs over millions of acres of formerly virgin land. We worry about its environmental impact, about the obesity in people that it fosters, and about the other social problems that come in its wake. But nobody seems to have designed urban sprawl, it just happens ━ or so it appears. On closer inspection, however, urban sprawl is not mindless at all. There is nothing inevitable about its development. Sprawl is the result of zoning laws designed by legislators, low-density buildings designed by developers, marketing strategies designed by ad agencies, tax breaks designed by economists, credit lines designed by banks, geomatics designed by retailers, data-mining software designed by hamburger chains, and automobiles designed by car designers. The interactions between all these systems and human behavior are complicated and hard to understand ━ but the policies themselves are not the result of chance. "Out of control" is an ideology, not a fact.
23수특-T305
You've probably already heard about the importance of adopting an attitude of gratitude and focusing on the positive things in your life. But what does that even mean beyond a tired cliche? Isn't it enough when you're grateful for Thanksgiving dinner and the mounds of sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie that will soon be happily in your stomach? Well, not really. Thanksgiving is a good place to start for taking inventory of all the things for which you're thankful, but it's by no means the finish line. When you have an average day that's probably going to simply fade into the fabric of your life, remember to take stock ━ are you thankful for that text your friend sent you that made you feel special? What about when someone at lunch let you take the last slice of pizza? Small, seemingly inconsequential things are the threads of thankfulness, and gratitude for those small things can be practiced every day.
23수특-T306
The emergence of life-long learning is one major development in Europe which is thought to have an impact on educational policies and teaching-learning trends across Europe, and the world. It relates to the awareness of the need to bridge the gap between education systems and the socio-economic needs in particular. Education is believed to work more and be directed towards exploring and catering for new emerging needs. In 1996, Europe celebrated The European Year of Life-long Learning, stressing the need to respond to fears about competitiveness, innovations in technology and capitalist globalisation. Substantial changes in education systems are expected to cater for the new needs. Responding to change has become a must and, as often stated by policy-makers, there is a mounting urgency to adapt and upgrade education to be able to respond to the changing global economic, social and political environment.
23수특-T307
I can't imagine a rat working for a shiny medal to hang around its neck or an inscribed plaque to decorate its cage. Appealing as it sounds having the title of "Laboratory Rat of the Year" or "Most Creative Path through a Maze," the rats just aren't motivated by such distinctions. Instead, laboratory rats want the real deal ━ food, safety, social contact, even some gentle stroking from an experimenter. In fact, award ceremonies are distinctly human, as I know no other animal that will work for trophies or certificates. Other animals learn to associate verbal expressions with the subsequent presentation of tangible rewards such as food, but medals, ribbons, and awards are specific to human motivation. Awards are designed to distinguish one individual from a group of individuals, a goal that doesn't register for most nonhuman animals.
Let's say you're storing a working microwave in your basement. You're not currently using the microwave; instead, it's collecting dust. Applying the concept of utility informs us that the microwave has no true value to you or anyone else because it isn't being used right now for its intended purpose (which is, of course, to warm food). But if you donated or sold that microwave to someone who could use it, you would immediately restore its value while also saving the recipient from having to purchase a brand new one. Many consumers balk at the idea of donating or selling perfectly decent items, and that's understandable, as items cost money. But thanks to constant product turnover and innovation, electronics and appliances quickly become outdated. Giving that microwave to someone in your community who needs it to warm food right now decreases the chances of finite resources, including fossil fuels, copper, other metals, and water, being extracted from the earth to make another microwave.
23수특-T304
Think about what is inaccurately described as mindless sprawl in our physical environment. We condemn the unstoppable spread of low-density suburbs over millions of acres of formerly virgin land. We worry about its environmental impact, about the obesity in people that it fosters, and about the other social problems that come in its wake. But nobody seems to have designed urban sprawl, it just happens ━ or so it appears. On closer inspection, however, urban sprawl is not mindless at all. There is nothing inevitable about its development. Sprawl is the result of zoning laws designed by legislators, low-density buildings designed by developers, marketing strategies designed by ad agencies, tax breaks designed by economists, credit lines designed by banks, geomatics designed by retailers, data-mining software designed by hamburger chains, and automobiles designed by car designers. The interactions between all these systems and human behavior are complicated and hard to understand ━ but the policies themselves are not the result of chance. "Out of control" is an ideology, not a fact.
23수특-T305
You've probably already heard about the importance of adopting an attitude of gratitude and focusing on the positive things in your life. But what does that even mean beyond a tired cliche? Isn't it enough when you're grateful for Thanksgiving dinner and the mounds of sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie that will soon be happily in your stomach? Well, not really. Thanksgiving is a good place to start for taking inventory of all the things for which you're thankful, but it's by no means the finish line. When you have an average day that's probably going to simply fade into the fabric of your life, remember to take stock ━ are you thankful for that text your friend sent you that made you feel special? What about when someone at lunch let you take the last slice of pizza? Small, seemingly inconsequential things are the threads of thankfulness, and gratitude for those small things can be practiced every day.
23수특-T306
The emergence of life-long learning is one major development in Europe which is thought to have an impact on educational policies and teaching-learning trends across Europe, and the world. It relates to the awareness of the need to bridge the gap between education systems and the socio-economic needs in particular. Education is believed to work more and be directed towards exploring and catering for new emerging needs. In 1996, Europe celebrated The European Year of Life-long Learning, stressing the need to respond to fears about competitiveness, innovations in technology and capitalist globalisation. Substantial changes in education systems are expected to cater for the new needs. Responding to change has become a must and, as often stated by policy-makers, there is a mounting urgency to adapt and upgrade education to be able to respond to the changing global economic, social and political environment.
23수특-T307
I can't imagine a rat working for a shiny medal to hang around its neck or an inscribed plaque to decorate its cage. Appealing as it sounds having the title of "Laboratory Rat of the Year" or "Most Creative Path through a Maze," the rats just aren't motivated by such distinctions. Instead, laboratory rats want the real deal ━ food, safety, social contact, even some gentle stroking from an experimenter. In fact, award ceremonies are distinctly human, as I know no other animal that will work for trophies or certificates. Other animals learn to associate verbal expressions with the subsequent presentation of tangible rewards such as food, but medals, ribbons, and awards are specific to human motivation. Awards are designed to distinguish one individual from a group of individuals, a goal that doesn't register for most nonhuman animals.
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