실1 능찬 1-3강 리딩자료

1. 해석

2. 도우미

3. 원문장

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실1 능찬 reading.html

from1606 고1 DB 2018 All Rights Reserved. Written by Wayne for WeAreSmart Students❤️. 


저자의 🐎
이 책은 여러분의 단어/구조분석/해석/문제풀이를 위한 것입니다.
본 저자의 수많은 리터치를 통해 완성된 띵작을 통해
여러분의 영어실력과 인생도 띵작이 되길 바랍니다. Wayne :-)

#20 주장?

⌘ Strong (negative 부정적인) (feelings 감정) / are (part 부분) of (being 존재) (human 인간의). 

Strong negative feelings are part of being human.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Problems (occur 떠오르다) / when we (try 해보다;시도하다) (too 또한;많은) (hard 딱딱한;어려운) / to (control 지배하다;통제) or (avoid 피하다) these (feelings 감정). 

Problems occur when we try too hard to control or avoid these feelings.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ A (helpful 유용한) (way 방식) of (coping 다루다(cope)) / with strong (negative 부정적인) (feelings 감정) / is / to take them / for what they / are―messages / from your mind / and (body 몸;신체) (intended 의도하다) / to keep you (safe 안전한). 

A helpful way of coping with strong negative feelings is to take them for what they are―messages from your mind and body intended to keep you safe.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ For (instance 예), / if you / are afraid of a work presentation, (trying 해보다;시도하다) / to (avoid 피하다) your (anxiety 걱정) (/ will ~할 것이다) likely reduce your confidence / and (increase 증가하다) your fear. 

For instance, if you are afraid of a work presentation, trying to avoid your anxiety will likely reduce your confidence and increase your fear.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Instead, (try 해보다;시도하다) / to accept your (anxiety 걱정) / as a (signal 신호) / that you / are (probably 아마도) nervous / about public speaking―just like most (other 그밖의) people. 

Instead, try to accept your anxiety as a signal that you are probably nervous about public speaking―just like most other people.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ This (helps 돕다) you (lower 낮추다) the (level 수준) of your (anxiety 걱정) / and (stress 긴장;압박), increasing your confidence / and making the presentation much easier.

This helps you lower the level of your anxiety and stress, increasing your confidence and making the presentation much easier. 해석⇢ :) :)

① 자신의 생각을 정확하게 전달하라. ② 타인에 대한 공감능력을 향상시켜라. ③ 익숙한 상황을 비판적 관점으로 보라. ④ 정서적 안정을 위해서 자신감을 키워라. ⑤ 부정적인 감정을 있는 그대로 받아들여라.

#21 요지?

⌘ An (interesting 관심;흥미) (study 연구;연구하다) / about (facial 얼굴의) (expressions 표현) / was (recently 최근에) published by the American Psychological Association. 

An interesting study about facial expressions was recently published by the American Psychological Association.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Fifteen Chinese people / and fifteen Scottish people took (part 부분) / in the (study 연구;연구하다). 

Fifteen Chinese people and fifteen Scottish people took part in the study.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ They (viewed 시야;견해) (emotion 감정)­neutral (faces 직면하다;얼굴) / that / were randomly changed / on a computer screen / and (then 그때;그런) categorized the (facial 얼굴의) (expressions 표현) / as (happy 행복한), (sad 슬픈), surprised, fearful, or (angry 성난). 

They viewed emotion­neutral faces that were randomly changed on a computer screen and then categorized the facial expressions as happy, sad, surprised, fearful, or angry.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ The (responses 반응;대답) (allowed 허락하다) researchers / to (identify 확인하다) the (expressive 표현하는) (facial 얼굴의) (features 특징) / that (participants 참가자) (associated 관련된) / with each (emotion 감정). 

The responses allowed researchers to identify the expressive facial features that participants associated with each emotion.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ The (study 연구;연구하다) (found 설립하다) / that the Chinese (participants 참가자) (relied 의존하다) more / on the eyes / to tell (facial 얼굴의) (expressions 표현), / while the Scottish (participants 참가자) (relied 의존하다) / on the (eyebrows 눈썹 ) / and (mouth 입). 

The study found that the Chinese participants relied more on the eyes to tell facial expressions, while the Scottish participants relied on the eyebrows and mouth.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ People / from different (cultures 문화) (perceive 인지하다) (happy 행복한), (sad 슬픈), or (angry 성난) (facial 얼굴의) (expressions 표현) / in different (ways 방식). 

People from different cultures perceive happy, sad, or angry facial expressions in different ways.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ That / is, (facial 얼굴의) (expressions 표현) / are not the “universal (language 언어) of ((emotions 감정) 감정들).”

That is, facial expressions are not the “universal language of emotions.” 해석⇢ :) :)

① 문화에 따라 표정을 인식하는 방식이 다르다. ② 동서양을 막론하고 선호하는 표정이 있다. ③ 노력을 통해 좋은 인상을 줄 수 있다. ④ 사람마다 고유한 감정 표현 방식이 있다. ⑤ 지나친 감정 표현은 오해를 불러일으킬 수 있다.

#22 주제?

⌘ When you (face 직면하다;얼굴) a (severe 엄한;가혹한) (source 원천;근원) of (stress 긴장;압박), you / may fight back, (reacting 반응하다) (immediately 즉시). 

When you face a severe source of stress, you may fight back, reacting immediately.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ While this served your (ancestors 선조;조상) (well 우물;샘) / when they / were (attacked 공격하다) by a (wild 야생의;거친) (animal 동물), it / is (less 덜;더) (helpful 유용한) (today 오늘;현재) unless you / are (attacked 공격하다) (physically 신체적으로). 

While this served your ancestors well when they were attacked by a wild animal, it is less helpful today unless you are attacked physically.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Technology makes it much easier / to (worsen 악화시키다) a (situation 상황) / with a (quick 빠른) (response 반응;대답). 

Technology makes it much easier to worsen a situation with a quick response.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ I know I / have been (guilty 죄책감의) of responding (too 또한;많은) quickly / to people, / on email / in (particular 특별한), / in a (harsh 가혹한;거친) (tone 음질;색조) / that only (made 미친) (things 사물) (worse 더 나쁜). 

I know I have been guilty of responding too quickly to people, on email in particular, in a harsh tone that only made things worse.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ The more something (causes 원인) your heart / to (race 인종;민족), the more (important 중요한) it / is / to (step 조치;단계) back before speaking or typing a (single 독신의) (word 낱말;단어). 

The more something causes your heart to race, the more important it is to step back before speaking or typing a single word.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ This (/ will ~할 것이다) give you (time 시간) / to think (things 사물) through / and find a (way 방식) / to deal / with the (other 그밖의) person / in a healthier manner.

This will give you time to think things through and find a way to deal with the other person in a healthier manner. 해석⇢ :) :)

① origins of violent human behaviors ② benefits of social media technology ③ importance of taking time in responding ④ relationship between health and heartbeat ⑤ difficulties in controlling emotional reactions

#23 제목?

⌘ On (college (단과)대학) campuses / in the U.S. / and (around ~주변에) the (world 세상), (some 약간의) (animals 동물) / are (helping 돕다) (students 학생) / in need. 

On college campuses in the U.S. and around the world, some animals are helping students in need.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ With many (students 학생) (reporting 보고;보고하다) depression / and (anxiety 걱정), (school 학교) (officials 직원;공무원) (arrange 계획하다) (pet 쓰다듬다;애완동물) (therapy 치료) (events 사건) / to (spread 퍼지다;펼치다) cheer / and fight (stress 긴장;압박), (especially 특히) during exams. 

With many students reporting depression and anxiety, school officials arrange pet therapy events to spread cheer and fight stress, especially during exams.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ These / are not service (animals 동물) (trained 훈련된;숙련된) / to (help 돕다) people / with disabilities; most / are the (pets 쓰다듬다;애완동물) of (volunteers 자원 봉사자). 

These are not service animals trained to help people with disabilities; most are the pets of volunteers.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Their (visits 방문하다) / are (obviously 명백히) beneficial: Research shows / that (contact 접촉) / with (pets 쓰다듬다;애완동물) / can (decrease 줄다;줄이다) blood (pressure 압력) / and (stress 긴장;압박)­(hormone 호르몬) (levels 수준) / and (increase 증가하다) so­called happiness (hormones 호르몬). 

Their visits are obviously beneficial: Research shows that contact with pets can decrease blood pressure and stress­hormone levels and increase so­called happiness hormones.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Mary Callahan, a (director 감독) / at Pet Partners, considers (pet 쓰다듬다;애완동물) (visits 방문하다) / on campus a great (way 방식) / to support (students 학생) / on their (path 길) / to success.

Mary Callahan, a director at Pet Partners, considers pet visits on campus a great way to support students on their path to success. 해석⇢ :) :)

① What Is a Service Animal? ② How Hormones Affect Your Mood ③ Pets: A Solution for Stressed Students ④ Once You Volunteer, Others Will Join You ⑤ Managing Emotions Improves School Grades

#28 어법?

⌘ A (lot 많은) of (customers 고객;손님) (buy 사다) (products 생산품;결과) only after they / are (made 미친) (aware 알고있는) / that the (products 생산품;결과) / are available / in the market. 

A lot of customers buy products only after they are made aware that the products are available in the market.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Let’s (say 말하다) a (product 생산품;결과), even / if it has been out there / for a / while, / is not (A) advertising/advertised. 

Let’s say a product, even if it has been out there for a while, is not (A) advertising/advertised.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Then what (/ might 힘) happen? 

Then what might happen?  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Not knowing / that the (product 생산품;결과) (exists 존재하다), (customers 고객;손님) / would (probably 아마도) not (buy 사다) it even / if the (product 생산품;결과) / may have worked / for (B) it/them. 

Not knowing that the product exists, customers would probably not buy it even if the product may have worked for (B) it/them.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Advertising also (helps 돕다) people find the best / for themselves. 

Advertising also helps people find the best for themselves.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ When they / are (made 미친) (aware 알고있는) of a (whole 가공하지 않은) (range 범위;영역) of (goods 제품), they / are (able 유능한) / to (compare 비교하다) them / and make (purchases 구입하다 ) / so that they get (C) / that/what they desire / with their (hard 딱딱한;어려운)­-earned money. 

When they are made aware of a whole range of goods, they are able to compare them and make purchases so that they get (C) that/what they desire with their hard­-earned money.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Thus, advertising / has become a (necessity 필수품;필요) / in everybody’s daily life.

Thus, advertising has become a necessity in everybody’s daily life. 해석⇢ :) :)

-

#29 어휘?

⌘ How soon / is (too 또한;많은) soon / to (start 출발하다) (kids 아이;새끼염소) / on a computer? 

How soon is too soon to start kids on a computer?  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ If your (baby 아기) / is (less 덜;더) / than a year old, the (answer 대답;대답하다) / is (A) (clear 깨끗이 치우다)/unclear. 

If your baby is less than a year old, the answer is (A) clear/unclear.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ That / is (because ~때문에) a (baby 아기)’s (vision 시력) / has not developed (enough 충분한;충분히) / to (focus / on 강조하다) the screen, / and they / can’t even sit up / on their (own 소유하다). 

That is because a baby’s vision has not developed enough to focus on the screen, and they can’t even sit up on their own.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ But after their first (birthday 생일), people / have different (answers 대답;대답하다) / to the question. 

But after their first birthday, people have different answers to the question.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Some people (B) agree/disagree / with the (idea 생각;이념) of (exposing 노출시키다) three­-year-­olds / to computers. 

Some people (B) agree/disagree with the idea of exposing three­-year-­olds to computers.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ They (insist 주장하다) / that (parents 부모) (stimulate 자극하다) their children / in the (traditional 전통적인) (ways 방식) through (reading 읽다), (sports 운동경기), / and play―instead of computers. 

They insist that parents stimulate their children in the traditional ways through reading, sports, and play―instead of computers.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Others (argue 논하다;주장하다) / that (early 일찍;일찍이) (exposure 노출;접하게) / to computers / is (helpful 유용한) / in (adapting 적응시키다) / to our digital (world 세상). 

Others argue that early exposure to computers is helpful in adapting to our digital world.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ They believe the earlier (kids 아이;새끼염소) (start 출발하다) / to use computers, the more (C) familiarity/reluctance they (/ will ~할 것이다) / have when using (other 그밖의) digital (devices 장치).

They believe the earlier kids start to use computers, the more (C) familiarity/reluctance they will have when using other digital devices. 해석⇢ :) :)

-

#31 빈칸?

⌘ Perhaps the (biggest 가장) mistake / that most investors make / when they first (begin 시작하다) (investing 투자하다) / is getting (/ into ~속으로) a (panic 공포) over (losses 손실). 

Perhaps the biggest mistake that most investors make when they first begin investing is getting into a panic over losses.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ This / is a (major 대부분의) (obstacle 장애) / to making a strong / and (long 열망하다;그리워하다)­lasting (plan 계획). 

This is a major obstacle to making a strong and long­lasting plan.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ We work (hard 딱딱한;어려운) / for our money, / and we (want 원하다) / to see it (grow 자라다;키우다) / and work (hard 딱딱한;어려운) / for us. 

We work hard for our money, and we want to see it grow and work hard for us.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ But what most (beginning 시작하다) investors / do understand / is / that (investing 투자하다) / in the (stock 구비하다;재고품) (market 매매하다)/ is a (risk 위험), / and / that / with (risk 위험), you (sometimes 언젠가) take (losses 손실). 

But what most beginning investors don’t understand is that investing in the stock market is a risk, and that with risk, you sometimes take losses.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Although an (investment 투자) / may be falling / in price, it / does (mean 의미하다) you / have to (abandon 포기하다) it / in a (rush ~로 달려들다). 

Although an investment may be falling in price, it doesn’t mean you have to abandon it in a rush.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ The (point 점;끝) / is, / as investors, we / should not (focus / on 강조하다) (short 부족한)­term (losses 손실), (but 그러나) rather / on (long 열망하다;그리워하다)­term (growth 성장). 

The point is, as investors, we should not focus on short­term losses, but rather on long­term growth.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Therefore, be _____ / when it comes / to (not only ~뿐만아니라) your (stock 구비하다;재고품) (portfolio 포트폴리오) (but 그러나) / to personal (investments 투자) (/ as (well 우물;샘) 게다가;또한). 

Therefore, be _____ when it comes to not only your stock portfolio but to personal investments as well.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ *(stock 구비하다;재고품): 주식, 증권

*stock: 주식, 증권 해석⇢ :) :)

① honest ② patient ③ productive ④ diligent ⑤ cooperative

#32 빈칸?

⌘ People / have _____. 

People have _____.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ For (example 예;보기), a person (/ might 힘) (buy 사다) a (bottle 병) of water, (but 그러나) after (reading 읽다) an (article 기사;물품) / on (possible 가능한) (risks 위험) of plastic (bottles 병), / that (same 같은) person (/ might 힘) (avoid 피하다) an (identical 동일한) (bottle 병) of water the next day. 

For example, a person might buy a bottle of water, but after reading an article on possible risks of plastic bottles, that same person might avoid an identical bottle of water the next day.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ When a year (later 나중에) this (same 같은) person flies / to an anti­plastics (conference 회의) / and crashes / in the (desert 사막), a plastic (bottle 병) of water (/ might 힘) (suddenly 갑자기) become one of the most (valuable 귀중한;값비싼) (things 사물) / in the (universe 우주)―/ to that person, / at / that (time 시간), / and / in / that (place 곳;장소). 

When a year later this same person flies to an anti­plastics conference and crashes in the desert, a plastic bottle of water might suddenly become one of the most valuable things in the universe―to that person, at that time, and in that place.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ This person shows a (preference 선호) / for one (thing 사물) over another / and demonstrates a (ranking 계급) / and ordering of values / with every (choice 선택) / and every (action 행동;작용).

This person shows a preference for one thing over another and demonstrates a ranking and ordering of values with every choice and every action. 해석⇢ :) :)

① economic freedom of choice ② smart strategies on consumption ③ different reactions to natural disasters ④ their own ways of saving the environment ⑤ changing values depending on the situation

#33 빈칸?

⌘ In (philosophy 철학), the best (way 방식) / to understand the (concept 개념) of an (argument 논의;주장) / is / to (contrast 대조) it / with an (opinion 의견). 

In philosophy, the best way to understand the concept of an argument is to contrast it with an opinion.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ An (opinion 의견) / is (simply 단지) a (belief 믿음) or (attitude 태도) / about someone or something. 

An opinion is simply a belief or attitude about someone or something.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ We (express 표현하다) our (opinions 의견) (all the (time 시간) 항상): We (love 사랑하다) or (hate 미워하다) (certain 어떤;분명한) (films 필름;영화) or different (types 유형) of food. 

We express our opinions all the time: We love or hate certain films or different types of food.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ For the most (part 부분), people’s (opinions 의견) / are based (almost 거의) (always 항상) upon their (feelings 감정). 

For the most part, people’s opinions are based almost always upon their feelings.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ They / do feel they / have to support their (opinions 의견) / with any (kind 친절한;종류) of (evidence 증거). 

They don’t feel they have to support their opinions with any kind of evidence.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ An (argument 논의;주장) / is something a (bit 작은 조각;조금) different / from this. 

An argument is something a bit different from this.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ It / is (made 미친) / to (convince 확신시키다) (others 그밖의) / that one’s (claims 요구;요구하다) / are (true 정확한;진실의). 

It is made to convince others that one’s claims are true.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Thus, it / is an (attempt 시도하다) / to _____. 

Thus, it is an attempt to _____.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Arguments / are the building (blocks 덩어리;구획) of (philosophy 철학), / and the good (philosopher 철학가) / is one who / is (able 유능한) / to (create 만들다;창조하다) the best (arguments 논의;주장) based / on a (solid 고체) (foundation 기초).

Arguments are the building blocks of philosophy, and the good philosopher is one who is able to create the best arguments based on a solid foundation. 해석⇢ :) :)

① present reasons in support of one’s claims ② develop one’s own taste in each area ③ compare one’s opinions with others’ ④ look into a deeper meaning of a topic ⑤ build up knowledge from one’s experiences

#34 연결어?

⌘ Finding the perfect (shoe 신발) (fit 감정폭발;적당한) / may be (difficult 어려운) / for (some 약간의) people. 

Finding the perfect shoe fit may be difficult for some people.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Most (adults 성인) think they know their (exact 정확한) (foot 발) (size 크기), so they / do (measure 재다;측정하다) their feet / when (buying 사다) new (shoes 신발). 

Most adults think they know their exact foot size, so they don’t measure their feet when buying new shoes.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (A) , many people squeeze (/ into ~속으로) the (same 같은) (shoe 신발) (size 크기) / for years, or even (decades 십년). 

(A) , many people squeeze into the same shoe size for years, or even decades.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ While feet (stop 멈추다) (growing 자라다;키우다) / in (length 길이) by (age 나이) twenty, most feet (gradually 점차적으로) (widen 넓히다) / with (age 나이), / and (sometimes 언젠가) women’s feet “(grow 자라다;키우다)” 

While feet stop growing in length by age twenty, most feet gradually widen with age, and sometimes women’s feet “grow”  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ after the birth of a child. 

after the birth of a child.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (B), your feet / can (actually 사실;실제로) be different (sizes 크기) / at different (times 시간) of the day, getting larger / and returning / to “normal” 

(B), your feet can actually be different sizes at different times of the day, getting larger and returning to “normal”  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ by the next (morning 아침). 

by the next morning.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ So, the next (time 시간) you (buy 사다) (shoes 신발), remember / that your (foot 발) (size 크기) / can (change 변하다;바꾸다).

So, the next time you buy shoes, remember that your foot size can change. 해석⇢ :) :)

1 Therefore -- Besides 2 Therefore -- For instance 3 Otherwise -- Nevertheless 4 In contrast -- Similarly 5 In contrast -- However

#35 순서?

⌘ The (habit 습관 ) of (reading 읽다) (books 예약하다) (multiple 다수의;다양한) (times 시간) encourages people / to (engage 관여하다) / with them emotionally. 

The habit of reading books multiple times encourages people to engage with them emotionally.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ If they only (read 읽다) a (book 예약하다) (once 한 때;이전에), they (tend 돌보다;간호하다) / to only (focus / on 강조하다) the (events 사건) / and stories / in it. 

If they only read a book once, they tend to only focus on the events and stories in it.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (A) The (same 같은) (effect 효과;결과) / can be seen / with familiar (holiday 휴일;휴가) (destinations 목적지). 

(A) The same effect can be seen with familiar holiday destinations.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Re­visiting a (place 곳;장소) / can also (help 돕다) people better understand both the (place 곳;장소) / and themselves. 

Re­visiting a place can also help people better understand both the place and themselves.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Considering the (immense 거대한) benefits, / do (hesitate 주저하다) / to give re­consuming a (try 해보다;시도하다). 

Considering the immense benefits, don’t hesitate to give re­consuming a try.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (B) By (enjoying 즐기다) the (emotional 감정적인) (effects 효과;결과) of the (book 예약하다) more deeply, people become more / in (touch 닿다;만지다) / with their (own 소유하다) (feelings 감정). 

(B) By enjoying the emotional effects of the book more deeply, people become more in touch with their own feelings.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Despite their familarity / with the stories, re­(reading 읽다) brings (renewed 갱신하다) (understanding 이해) of both the (book 예약하다) / and themselves. 

Despite their familarity with the stories, re­reading brings renewed understanding of both the book and themselves.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (C) But / with a second (read 읽다)­through, the repeated (experience 경험) brings back the (initial 처음의) ((emotions 감정) 감정들) (caused 원인) by the (book 예약하다), / and (allows 허락하다) people / to appreciate those ((emotions 감정) 감정들) / at their (leisure 여가).

(C) But with a second read­through, the repeated experience brings back the initial emotions caused by the book, and allows people to appreciate those emotions at their leisure. 해석⇢ :) :)

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#36 순서?

⌘ To (rise 떠오르다(rise)), a (fish 물고기;낚시하다) / must reduce its (overall 전반적인) density, / and most (fish 물고기;낚시하다) / do this / with a (swim 수영) bladder. 

To rise, a fish must reduce its overall density, and most fish do this with a swim bladder.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (A) Most (fish 물고기;낚시하다) (rise 떠오르다(rise)) using this (method 방법), (but 그러나) not all / do. 

(A) Most fish rise using this method, but not all do.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Some (species 종(種)) / do need a (swim 수영) bladder (because ~때문에) they (spend 쓰다;소비하다) all their lives (moving 감동적인) along the (ocean 대양) (floor 마룻바닥). 

Some species don’t need a swim bladder because they spend all their lives moving along the ocean floor.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Other (fish 물고기;낚시하다) (float 뜨는 것;뜨다) / and (sink 가라앉다) by (propelling 추진시키다) themselves (forward 앞으로;앞쪽에). 

Other fish float and sink by propelling themselves forward.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (B) A (fish 물고기;낚시하다) fills its bladder / with (oxygen 산소) (collected 모으다) / from the (surrounding 둘러싸다) water. 

(B) A fish fills its bladder with oxygen collected from the surrounding water.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ As it / is filled, the bladder (expands 확대하다 ). 

As it is filled, the bladder expands.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Then, the (fish 물고기;낚시하다) / has a greater (volume 음량;부피), (but 그러나) its (weight 무게) / is not greatly increased. 

Then, the fish has a greater volume, but its weight is not greatly increased.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (C) This (means 의미하다) / that its density / has been decreasing, so the (fish 물고기;낚시하다) (experiences 경험) a greater (rising 떠오르다(rise)) (force 강요;하게하다). 

(C) This means that its density has been decreasing, so the fish experiences a greater rising force.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Finally, / when the bladder / is (fully 완전히) (expanded 확대하다 ), the (fish 물고기;낚시하다) / is / at its (maximum 최고) (volume 음량;부피) / and / is (pushed 밀다) / to the (surface 표면). 

Finally, when the bladder is fully expanded, the fish is at its maximum volume and is pushed to the surface.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ *density: 밀도 **(swim 수영) bladder: (물고기의) 부레

*density: 밀도 **swim bladder: (물고기의) 부레 해석⇢ :) :)

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#37 삽입?

⌘ In (behavior 행동) (capture 붙잡다), (however 그러나), you first / have to wait until your (dog 개) (performs 수행하다) the (behavior 행동) you (want 원하다) him / to. 

In behavior capture, however, you first have to wait until your dog performs the behavior you want him to.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ (처음)The (technique 기술 ) I use / to train my puppy / is called (behavior 행동) (capture 붙잡다) which / is different / from the (common 흔한;일반적인) (training 교육;훈련) (method 방법). 

(처음)The technique I use to train my puppy is called behavior capture which is different from the common training method.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ① ) Normally you first give an order / and (reward 보상하다) your puppy only / when he (follows 따르다;동행하다) it. 

( ① ) Normally you first give an order and reward your puppy only when he follows it.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ② ) Simply (watch 손목시계;주의) your puppy’s (activities 활동), waiting / for a (particular 특별한) (behavior 행동) / to (occur 떠오르다); / when one happens, (reward 보상하다) him. 

( ② ) Simply watch your puppy’s activities, waiting for a particular behavior to occur; when one happens, reward him.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ③ ) For (example 예;보기), / if you (want 원하다) / to train him / to (lie ~에 있다;놓여있다) (down 아래에) whenever you (say 말하다), “Lie (down 아래에),” 

( ③ ) For example, if you want to train him to lie down whenever you say, “Lie down,”  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ you just / have to wait until he happens / to do so. 

you just have to wait until he happens to do so.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ④ ) Then, / as soon / as your puppy (lies ~에 있다;놓여있다) (down 아래에), you give him the order, “Lie (down 아래에),” 

( ④ ) Then, as soon as your puppy lies down, you give him the order, “Lie down,”  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ / and give him a (treat 다루다;대하다) / as a (reward 보상하다). 

and give him a treat as a reward.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ⑤ ) Once the puppy knows / that there / is a (reward 보상하다) waiting, he (treats 다루다;대하다) the (experience 경험) / as a (pleasant 즐거운;유쾌한) (game 놀이).

( ⑤ ) Once the puppy knows that there is a reward waiting, he treats the experience as a pleasant game. 해석⇢ :) :)

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#38 삽입?

⌘ But people (sometimes 언젠가) use (reason 이유;이성) / in a different sense / to (mean 의미하다) something like ‘purpose.’ (처음) People (sometimes 언젠가) (say 말하다), ‘Everything happens / for a (reason 이유;이성).’ In one sense this / is (true 정확한;진실의). 

But people sometimes use reason in a different sense to mean something like ‘purpose.’ (처음) People sometimes say, ‘Everything happens for a reason.’ In one sense this is true.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ① ) Everything / does happen / for a (reason 이유;이성)―which / is / to (say 말하다) / that (events 사건) / have (causes 원인), / and the (cause 원인) (always 항상) comes before the (event 사건). 

( ① ) Everything does happen for a reason―which is to say that events have causes, and the cause always comes before the event.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ② ) Tsunamis happen (because ~때문에) of undersea (earthquakes 지진), / and (earthquakes 지진) happen (because ~때문에) of (shifts 이동하다) / in the (earth 지구;대지)’s (plates 접시 ). 

( ② ) Tsunamis happen because of undersea earthquakes, and earthquakes happen because of shifts in the earth’s plates.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ( ③ ) That / is the (true 정확한;진실의) sense of ‘everything happens / for a (reason 이유;이성),’ / and here ‘(reason 이유;이성)’ (means 의미하다) ‘past (cause 원인).’ ( ④ ) They (/ will ~할 것이다) (say 말하다) something like, ‘The (reason 이유;이성) / for the tsunami / was / to (punish 처벌하다) us / for our (faults 결점;잘못).’ ( ⑤ ) It / is (surprising 놀라운) (how 어떻게) (often 흔히;종종) people (depend 의존하다) / on this (kind 친절한;종류) of (nonsense 어리석은;말도). 

( ③ ) That is the true sense of ‘everything happens for a reason,’ and here ‘reason’ means ‘past cause.’ ( ④ ) They will say something like, ‘The reason for the tsunami was to punish us for our faults.’ ( ⑤ ) It is surprising how often people depend on this kind of nonsense.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ *tsunami: (지진 등에 의한) 엄청난 해일

*tsunami: (지진 등에 의한) 엄청난 해일 해석⇢ :) :)

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#39 흐름?

⌘ In an (experiment 실험), / when people / were asked / to count three (minutes 분;순간) / in their heads, 25­year­olds / were (quite 그만두다;중지하다) (accurate 정확한), (but 그러나) 65­year­olds went over / on (average 평균의;보통의) by 40 seconds. 

In an experiment, when people were asked to count three minutes in their heads, 25­year­olds were quite accurate, but 65­year­olds went over on average by 40 seconds.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Time (seemed ~처럼 보이다) / to (pass 지나다;통과하다) faster / for the older (group 단체;집단). 

Time seemed to pass faster for the older group.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ①This / may (seem ~처럼 보이다) meaningless, (but 그러나) there / are (a (lot 많은) 많이) of benefits / to (perceiving 인식하다) (time 시간) like 65­year­olds. 

①This may seem meaningless, but there are a lot of benefits to perceiving time like 65­year­olds.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ②For (example 예;보기), / if you / have been working / on a (project 계획;계획하다) / for eight (hours 시간), (but 그러나) it only feels like six, you (/ will ~할 것이다) / have more (energy 힘;활기) / to keep going. 

②For example, if you have been working on a project for eight hours, but it only feels like six, you will have more energy to keep going.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ③If you / have been (running 경영하다) / for 20 (minutes 분;순간), / and you ((perceive 인식하다) 인지하다) it / to be only 13 (minutes 분;순간), you’re more likely / to have seven more (minutes 분;순간) of (energy 힘;활기). 

③If you have been running for 20 minutes, and you perceive it to be only 13 minutes, you’re more likely to have seven more minutes of energy.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ④One of the greatest benefits of getting older / is the cooling of (passion 열정)―not (rushing ~로 달려들다) / to (quick 빠른) (action 행동;작용). 

④One of the greatest benefits of getting older is the cooling of passion―not rushing to quick action.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ ⑤So, / if you (want 원하다) / to use your (energy 힘;활기) / to work longer, just (change 변하다;바꾸다) your (perception 지각;인식) of (how 어떻게) (long 열망하다;그리워하다) you / have been working.

⑤So, if you want to use your energy to work longer, just change your perception of how long you have been working. 해석⇢ :) :)

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#40 요약?

⌘ In one (study 연구;연구하다), researchers asked (students 학생) / to (arrange 계획하다) ten (posters 포스터) / in order of (beauty 아름다움). 

In one study, researchers asked students to arrange ten posters in order of beauty.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ They promised / that (afterward 나중에) the (students 학생) / could / have one of the ten (posters 포스터) / as a (reward 보상하다) / for their (participation 참가). 

They promised that afterward the students could have one of the ten posters as a reward for their participation.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ However, / when the (students 학생) (finished 끝내다) the (task 일;과업), the researchers said / that the (students 학생) / were not (allowed 허락하다) / to keep the (poster 포스터) / that they had (rated 쥐) / as the third­most (beautiful 아름다운). 

However, when the students finished the task, the researchers said that the students were not allowed to keep the poster that they had rated as the third­most beautiful.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ Then, they asked the (students 학생) / to (judge 판단하다) all ten (posters 포스터) (again 다시) / from (the (very 대단희;몹시) 바로 그) (beginning 시작하다). 

Then, they asked the students to judge all ten posters again from the very beginning.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ What happened / was / that the (poster 포스터) they / were unable / to keep / was (suddenly 갑자기) (ranked 계급) / as the most (beautiful 아름다운). 

What happened was that the poster they were unable to keep was suddenly ranked as the most beautiful.  해석⇢ :) :)

⌘ This / is an (example 예;보기) of the “Rom eo / and Juliet (effect 효과;결과)”: Just like Romeo / and Juliet / in the Shakespearean (tragedy 비극;비극적인), people become more (attached 붙이다) / to each (other 그밖의) / when their (love 사랑하다) / is (prohibited 금지하다).

This is an example of the “Rom eo and Juliet effect”: Just like Romeo and Juliet in the Shakespearean tragedy, people become more attached to each other when their love is prohibited. 해석⇢ :) :)

(요약문) When people find they cannot (A) something, they begin to think it more (B). 1 own -- attractive 2 own -- forgettable 3 create -- charming 4 create -- romantic 5 accept -- disappointing

👍🏿VOCAB. abandon 포기하다 afterward 나중에 allowed to ~하도록 허용 anxiety 불안;초조 appreciate 이해하다 argument 논의;주장 article 기사;물품 attempt 시도하다 attractive 매력적인 aware 알고있는 behavior 행동 conference 회의 confidence 자신;확신 consumption 소비 control 통제 coping 다루다 decrease 줄다;줄이다 density 밀집도;밀집상태 depend 의존하다 depending 의존하다 depression 우울;경기침체 breath 숨 diligent 근면한 economic 경제적인 exposure 노출;접하게 expressive 표현하는;표정이 facial 얼굴의 fit 감정폭발;적당한 float 뜨는 것;뜨다 fully 완전히 gradually 점차적으로 harsh 가혹한;거친 identical 동일한 identify 신원을 확인하다 immense 거대한 initial 처음의 insist 주장하다 investment 투자 judge 판단하다 length 길이 lie ~에 있다;놓여있다 maximum 최고 means 수단 multiple 다수의 necessity 필수품;필요 obstacle 장애 occur 발생하다 panic 공포 patient 환자;인내심 있는 인내심이 강한;끈기 perceive 인지하다 perception 지각;인식 philosopher 철학가 pleasant 즐거운;유쾌한 portfolio 포트폴리오 preference 선호 presentation 상영;상연 pressure 압력 productive 생산적인;비옥한 project 계획;계획하다 punish 처벌하다 range 범위;영역 severe 엄한;가혹한 signal 신호 sink 가라앉다 sink 가라앉다. source 원천;근원 squeeze 짜다 stimulate 자극하다 stock 구비하다;재고품 strategies 전략 surrounding 둘러싸고 있는 둘러싸다 therapy 치료 traditional 전통적인 treat 다루다;대하다 valuable 귀중한;값비싼 violent 격렬한;폭력의 widen 넓히다 worsen 악화시키다 abandon afterward allowed to anxiety appreciate argument article attempt attractive aware behavior conference confidence consumption control coping decrease density depend depending depression diligent economic exposure expressive facial fit float fully gradually harsh identical identify immense initial insist investment judge length lie maximum means multiple necessity obstacle occur panic patient perceive perception philosopher pleasant portfolio preference presentation pressure productive project punish range severe signal sink sink source squeeze stimulate stock strategies surrounding therapy traditional treat valuable violent widen worsen