2018년 11월 고1 모의고사 한줄해석
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What is the topic sentence?
If you were at a social gathering in a large building and you overheard someone say that "the roof is on fire," what would be your reaction?
Until you knew more information, your first inclination might be toward safety and survival.
But if you were to find out that this particular person was talking about a song called "The Roof Is on Fire," your feelings of threat and danger would be diminished.
So once the additional facts are understood ―that the person was referring to a song and not a real fire ― the context is better understood and you are in a better position to judge and react.
All too often people react far too quickly and emotionally over information without establishing context.
It is so important for us to identify context related to information because if we fail to do so, we may judge and react too quickly.
VOCAB: additional 추가의 context 문맥/상황 diminished 감소하다 emotionally 감정적으로 establishing 설립하다 identify 확인하다 inclination 성향/의향 judge 판사/판단하다 overheard 우연히 듣다/엿듣다 particular 특별한/특수한 position 위치/입장 react 반응하다 referring언급 related 관계시키다 social 사회의 survival 생존/살아남기 threat 위협/우려
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Imagine that your body is a battery and the more energy this battery can store, the more energy you will be able to have within a day.
Every night when you sleep, this battery is recharged with as much energy as you spent during the previous day.
If you want to have a lot of energy tomorrow, you need to spend a lot of energy today.
Our brain consumes only 20% of our energy, so it's a must to supplement thinking activities with walking and exercises that spend a lot of energy, so that your internal battery has more energy tomorrow.
Your body stores as much energy as you need: for thinking, for moving, for doing exercises.
The more active you are today, the more energy you spend today and the more energy you will have to burn tomorrow.
Exercising gives you more energy and keeps you from feeling exhausted.
VOCAB: consumes 소비하다 exhausted 고갈시키다/소진하다 internal 내부의 previous 이전의 recharged 재충전- supplement 보완/보충
What is the topic sentence?
When we read a number, we are more influenced by the leftmost digit than by the rightmost, since that is the order in which we read, and process, them.
The number 799 feels significantly less than 800 because we see the former as 7-something and the latter as 8-something, whereas 798 feels pretty much like 799.
Since the nineteenth century, shopkeepers have taken advantage of this trick by choosing prices ending in a 9, to give the impression that a product is cheaper than it is.
Surveys show that around a third to two-thirds of all retail prices now end in a 9.
Though we are all experienced shoppers, we are still fooled.
In 2008, researchers at the University of Southern Brittany monitored a local pizza restaurant that was serving five types of pizza at €8.00 each.
When one of the pizzas was reduced in price to €7.99, its share of sales rose from a third of the total to a half.
VOCAB: advantage 유리/이점 digit 자릿수/숫자 impression 인상 감명 influenced 영향을 미치다 latter 후자의/하반기의 leftmost 극좌의 monitored 감시하다 process 경과/과정 retail 소매/유통 rightmost 극우의 significantly 크게/현저히 surveys 설문조사
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In a competitive environment, such as a college admissions process or a job application situation, almost everyone has strong qualifications.
Almost everyone has facts in their favor.
But how valuable are facts alone?
Think back to the most recent lecture or presentation you attended.
How many facts do you remember from it?
If you're like most people, you can't recall many, if any.
Chances are good, however, that you remember stories, anecdotes, and examples from the event, even if you can't think of their exact context.
The average person today is flooded with facts and data, and we let most of this pass through our brains with minimal retention or reaction ―unless something makes the information stand out in a meaningful way.
That's where story comes in.
VOCAB: admissions 입학/입장 anecdotes 일화 application 지원/응용 attended 참석하다 average 평균(의) competitive 경쟁의/경쟁력을 지닌 context 문맥/상황 environment 환경 exact 정확한 favor 부탁/선호하다 meaningful 의미있는 minimal 최소의 presentation 발표 process 경과/과정 qualifications 자격/자질 reaction 반동/반응 recall 상기하다 retention 보유/유지 situation 상황/사태 valuable 가치있는/귀중한
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Born in 1867 in Cincinnati, Ohio, Charles Henry Turner was an early pioneer in the field of insect behavior.
His father owned an extensive library where Turner became fascinated with reading about the habits and behavior of insects.
Proceeding with his study, Turner earned a doctorate degree in zoology, the first African American to do so.
Even after receiving his degree, Turner was unable to get a teaching or research position at any major universities, possibly as a result of racism.
He moved to St. Louis and taught biology at Sumner High School, focusing on research there until 1922.
Turner was the first person to discover that insects are capable of learning, illustrating that insects can alter behavior based on previous experience.
He died of cardiac disease in Chicago in 1923.
During his 33-year career, Turner published more than 70 papers.
His last scientific paper was published the year after his death.
VOCAB: alter 바꾸다 based 기초/기반 behavior 행동/태도 biology 생물학 capable ~할 수 있는/유능한 cardiac 심장병의 degree 정도/학위 doctorate 박사 학위 extensive 광범위한/대규모의 fascinated 매료시키다/사로잡다 illustrating 설명하다 pioneer 개척하다 position 위치/입장 possibly 아마 previous 이전의 proceeding 나아가다 published 발표하다 racism없다앋아다앋아다아 receiving받다/수상하다 unable 할 수 없는 zoology 동물학
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Poetry in the Park Saturday, October 13, 11:00 a.m.― 6:00 p.m.
This annual festival, now in its sixth year, is held with the support of Riverside Public Library.
◈ Poetry Workshop • Meet and talk with renowned poets about their poems.
Jane Kenny(11:30 a.m.), Michael Weil(12:30 p.m.) • Learn how to express your feelings poetically.
◈ Poetry Contest • Theme for this year's contest is "Arrivals and Departures."
• Only one poem per participant • Due by 3:00 p.m. • The winners will be announced at 5:00 p.m. on the day on site.
For questions about the festival, please visit our website at www.poetryinthepark.org.
VOCAB: annual 연간의/연례의 arrivals 도착/등장 departures 떠남/출발 participant 참가자 poetically 시적으로 renowned 명성 support 지원하다 workshop 워크샵/토론회
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Dinosaur Museum Established in 1993, the Dinosaur Museum has developed into the largest display of dinosaur and prehistoric life in Canada.
Hours • 9:00 a.m. ― 5:00 p.m. (Monday ― Friday) • 9:00 a.m. ― 3:00 p.m. (Saturday & Sunday) Admission • $4 for adults, $2 for students & children Programs • Paint a Dinosaur Egg!
At 10:00 a.m. every day, kids can paint a dinosaur egg to take home.
• Dinosaur Quiz At 2:00 p.m. during the weekend, one winner of our dinosaur quiz will be given a real fossil as a prize.
• Guided Tours The tours run at 11:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. every day.
The tours are free and require no bookings.
Just show up!
Notice • Food and pets are prohibited in the museum.
• Please do not touch or climb on the exhibits.
VOCAB: admission 입학/입장 bookings 기장/예야 display (작품을) 전시하다 established 설립하다 fossil 화석/시대에 뒤진 사람 prehistoric 선사시대의 prohibited 금지하다 require 필요로하다
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The belief that humans have morality and animals don't is such a longstanding assumption that it could well be called a habit of mind, and bad habits, as we all know, are extremely hard to break.
A lot of people have caved in to this assumption because it is easier to deny morality to animals than to deal with the complex effects of the possibility that animals have moral behavior.
The historical tendency, framed in the outdated dualism of us versus them, is strong enough to make a lot of people cling to the status quo.
Denial of who animals are conveniently allows for maintaining false stereotypes about the cognitive and emotional capacities of animals.
Clearly a major paradigm shift is needed, because the lazy acceptance of habits of mind has a strong influence on how animals are understood and treated.
VOCAB: acceptance 받아들임 allows 하게하다/허용하다 assumption 가정/추측 behavior 행동/태도 belief 믿음/신념 capacities 능력 cling 달라붙다/고수하다 cognitive 인지의 complex 복잡한 conveniently 편리하게/쉽게 denial 부인/부정 deny 부인하다 dualism 이중성 emotional 감정적인 extremely 매우/극도로 false 거짓의/잘못하여 framed 구조 historical 역사의/전통적인 influence 영향을 미치다 longstanding 예전부터의 maintaining 유지하다 moral 도덕의 outdated 구식의 paradigm 전형적 예/이론적 테두리 possibility 가능성/기회 shift 변화/전환 status 상태/지위 stereotypes 고정관념 tendency 경향 versus 대해/대비하여
What is the topic sentence?
We notice repetition among confusion, and the opposite: we notice a break in a repetitive pattern.
But how do these arrangements make us feel?
And what about "perfect" regularity and "perfect" chaos?
Some repetition gives us a sense of security, in that we know what is coming next.
We like some predictability.
We arrange our lives in largely repetitive schedules.
Randomness, in organization or in events, is more challenging and more frightening for most of us.
With "perfect" chaos we are frustrated by having to adapt and react again and again.
But "perfect" regularity is perhaps even more horrifying in its monotony than randomness is.
It implies a cold, unfeeling, mechanical quality.
Such perfect order does not exist in nature; there are too many forces working against each other.
Either extreme, therefore, feels threatening.
VOCAB: adapt 적응시키다/조정하다 against 에 대한/반대로 arrangements 준비/배열 challenging 도전 chaos 혼돈 무질서 confusion 혼란/혼동 exist 존재하다 extreme 극단의 frightening 놀라게 하다 frustrated 좌절시키다 horrifying 무서워하게 하다 implies 함축/내포하다 largely 주로/대량으로 mechanical 기계의 monotony 단조로움 opposite 정반대의/상대 organization 기관 predictability 예측 가능함 quality 질 randomness 임의로 함 react 반응하다 regularity 질서/규칙적임 repetition 반복/되풀이 security 안보/보안 threatening 위협하다 unfeeling 무정한/감각이 없는
What is the topic sentence?
Albert Einstein once boarded a train from Philadelphia.
The conductor came around to punch the tickets and said, "Ticket, please."
Einstein reached into his vest pocket for the ticket, but did not find it.
He checked his jacket pocket.
No ticket.
He checked his brief case.
But still, he could not find his ticket.
The conductor, noting his obvious distress, kindly said, "I know who you are, Dr. Einstein.
Don't worry about your ticket."
Several minutes later the conductor turned around from the front of the traincar to see Einstein continuing to search under his seat for the missing ticket.
Quickly, he hurried back to assure the gray-haired gentleman.
"Dr. Einstein, Dr. Einstein, I know who you are!"
he repeated.
"Please don't worry about your ticket."
Dr. Einstein slowly arose from his knees and addressed the young conductor.
"Son, you don't understand.
I, too, know who I am.
What I don't know is where I'm going."
VOCAB: arose 발생했다 assure 보증하다 brief 보고서/짧은 distress 고통 괴롭히다 hurried 서두르는/매우 급한 obvious 명백한 punch 펀치/때리다 reached 도달하다 vest 의복을 입다/조끼
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If you follow science news, you will have noticed that cooperation among animals has become a hot topic in the mass media.
For example, in late 2007 the science media widely reported a study by Claudia Rutte and Michael Taborsky suggesting that rats display what they call "generalized reciprocity."
They each provided help to an unfamiliar and unrelated individual, based on their own previous experience of having been helped by an unfamiliar rat.
Rutte and Taborsky trained rats in a cooperative task of pulling a stick to obtain food for a partner.
Rats who had been helped previously by an unknown partner were more likely to help others.
Before this research was conducted, generalized reciprocity was thought to be unique to humans.
VOCAB: based 기초/기반 conducted 실시하다 cooperation 협력 display (작품을) 전시하다 follow 뒤따르다 generalized 일반화하다 individual 개인의 likely 가능성 있는/할 것 같은 mass 대규모의/거대한 obtain 얻다 previous 이전의 provided 제공하다 reciprocity 호혜주의/상호 의존 task 과제/업무 topic 주제/화제 unfamiliar 익숙지 않은 unique 독특한/특별한 unknown 알려지지 않은 unrelated 관련이 없는
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We have to recognize that there always exists in us the strongest need to utilize all our attention.
And this is quite evident in the great amount of displeasure we feel any time the entirety of our capacity for attention is not being put to use.
When this is the case, we will seek to find outlets for our unused attention.
If we are playing a chess game with a weaker opponent, we will seek to supplement this activity with another: such as watching TV, or listening to music, or playing another chess game at the same time.
Very often this reveals itself in unconscious movements, such as playing with something in one's hands or pacing around the room; and if such an action also serves to increase pleasure or relieve displeasure, all the better.
VOCAB: attention 관심/주의력 capacity 능력/수용력 displeasure 불만/화남 entirety 완전한 상태/전부 evident 명백한/분명한 exists 존재하다 movements 운동/움직임 opponent 대립자/반대의적/적수 outlets 배출구/출구 pacing 보조 맞추기 recognize 인식하다 relieve 완화시키다/안도하다 reveals 나타내다 누설하다 supplement 보완/보충 unconscious 무의식의 unused 쓰이지 않는 utilize 이용하다 weaker 더 약한
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From an economic perspective, a short-lived event can become an innovative event if it generates goods and services that can be sold to people, in particular to those from outside the locality.
The remarkable growth of art exhibitions, cultural festivals and sports competitions, for example, can be analysed in this light.
They are temporary activities that can attract large numbers of outsiders to a locality, bringing in new sources of income.
But even here, there is a two-way interaction between the event and the context.
The existence of an infrastructure, a reputation, a history of an activity for an area may have important effects on the economic success or failure of an event.
In other words, events do not take place in a vacuum.
They depend on an existing context which has been in the making for a long time.
The short-lived event, therefore, would be performed in relation to this long-term context.
VOCAB: analysed 분석하다 attract 끌다 competitions 경쟁/대회 context 문맥/상황 cultural 문화의/교양의 economic 경제의/경제학 existence존재/생존 failure 실패/실수 generates 낳다/발생하다 growth 성장/발전 income 소득/수입 infrastructure 기간 시설/기반 innovative 혁신적인 interaction 상호작용 locality 지역/지방 outsiders 아웃사이더 particular 특별한/특수한 performed 공연하다 perspective 가망/전망 relation 관계/관련 remarkable 놀라운/주목할만한 reputation 명성/평판 success 성공/성과 temporary 일시적인/임시의 term 임기/용어 vacuum 진공(의)
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Interestingly, in nature, the more powerful species have a narrower field of vision.
The distinction between predator and prey offers a clarifying example of this.
The key feature that distinguishes predator species from prey species isn't the presence of claws or any other feature related to biological weaponry.
The key feature is the position of their eyes.
Predators evolved with eyes facing forward ―which allows for binocular vision that offers accurate depth perception when pursuing prey.
Prey, on the other hand, often have eyes facing outward, maximizing peripheral vision, which allows the hunted to detect danger that may be approaching from any angle.
Consistent with our place at the top of the food chain, humans have eyes that face forward.
We have the ability to gauge depth and pursue our goals, but we can also miss important action on our periphery.
VOCAB: ability 능력/재능 accurate 정확한 allows 하게하다/허용하다 approaching 접근하다 binocular 쌍안경 biological 생물학의/생물학적 clarifying 명백히하다/분명해지다 consistent 변함없는 detect 발견하다 distinction 구별/차이 evolved 발전시키다/고안하다 feature 특징/용모 forward 앞으로/발전한 gauge 측정하다 interestingly 흥미롭게 maximizing 최대화하다 narrower 더 좁은 outward 표면상의/밖으로 향하는 perception 지각/인식 peripheral 주위의 position 위치/입장 presence 존재/영향력 prey 먹이/사냥 pursue 추구하다 related 관계시키다 species종/종류 vision 비전/시력 weaponry 무기류
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Wouldn't it be nice if you could take your customers by the hand and guide each one through your store while pointing out all the great products you would like them to consider buying?
Most people, however, would not particularly enjoy having a stranger grab their hand and drag them through a store.
Rather, let the store do it for you.
Have a central path that leads shoppers through the store and lets them look at many different departments or product areas.
This path leads your customers from the entrance through the store on the route you want them to take all the way to the checkout.
VOCAB: checkout 숙박료정산 consider 고려하다 customers 고객/소비자 drag 끌다 grab 잡다 particularly 특히/특별하게 route 길/방법
What is the topic sentence?
Color can impact how you perceive weight.
Dark colors look heavy, and bright colors look less so.
Interior designers often paint darker colors below brighter colors to put the viewer at ease.
Product displays work the same way.
Place bright-colored products higher and dark-colored products lower, given that they are of similar size.
This will look more stable and allow customers to comfortably browse the products from top to bottom.
In contrast, shelving dark-colored products on top can create the illusion that they might fall over, which can be a source of anxiety for some shoppers.
Black and white, which have a brightness of 0% and 100%, respectively, show the most dramatic difference in perceived weight.
In fact, black is perceived to be twice as heavy as white.
Carrying the same product in a black shopping bag, versus a white one, feels heavier.
So, small but expensive products like neckties and accessories are often sold in dark-colored shopping bags or cases.
VOCAB: allow 하게하다/허용하다 anxiety 불안/걱정 bottom 바닥/아래 brightness 광도/밝음 comfortably 편안하게 customers 고객/소비자 displays (작품을) 전시하다 ease 완화하다 illusion 착각/환상 impact 영향/충격 interior 내부/인테리어 neckties 넥타이 perceive 인지하다/인식하다 respectively 각각/각자 shelving 선반 stable 안정된/외양간 versus 대해/대비하여
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Ethical and moral systems are different for every culture.
According to cultural relativism, all of these systems are equally valid, and no system is better than another.
The basis of cultural relativism is the notion that no true standards of good and evil actually exist.
Therefore, judging whether something is right or wrong is based on individual societies' beliefs, and any moral or ethical opinions are affected by an individual's cultural perspective.
There exists an inherent logical inconsistency in cultural relativism, however.
If one accepts the idea that there is no right or wrong, then there exists no way to make judgments in the first place.
To deal with this inconsistency, cultural relativism creates "tolerance."
However, with tolerance comes intolerance, which means that tolerance must imply some sort of ultimate good.
Thus, tolerance also goes against the very notion of cultural relativism, and the boundaries of logic make cultural relativism impossible.
VOCAB: accepts 받아들이다/수용하다 affected 영향을 주다/작용하다 against 에 대한/반대로 based 기초/기반 basis 기초 beliefs 믿음/신념 boundaries 경계 cultural 문화의/교양의 equally 똑같이/마찬가지로 ethical 윤리의/도덕의 evil 사악한/악 exist 존재하다 imply 암시하다 impossible 불가능한 inconsistency 모순/불일치 individual 개인의 inherent 타고난 intolerance 견딜 수 없음/편협 judging 판단 logic 논리(학) moral 도덕의 notion 개념/생각 opinions 의견/생각 perspective 가망/전망 relativism없다앋아다앋아다아 societies사회들 sort 분류하다 standards 기준/표준 tolerance 관용/포용력 ultimate 궁극적인/최종의 valid 유효한/타당한
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The way we communicate influences our ability to build strong and healthy communities.
Traditional ways of building communities have emphasized debate and argument.
For example, the United States has a strong tradition of using town hall meetings to deliberate important issues within communities.
In these settings, advocates for each side of the issue present arguments for their positions, and public issues have been discussed in such public forums.
Yet for debate and argument to work well, people need to come to such forums with similar assumptions and values.
The shared assumptions and values serve as a foundation for the discussion.
However, as society becomes more diverse, the likelihood that people share assumptions and values diminishes.
As a result, forms of communication such as argument and debate become polarized, which may drive communities apart as opposed to bringing them together.
VOCAB: ability 능력/재능 advocates 변호하다 argument 주장/논쟁 assumptions 가정/추측 communicate 의사소통하다 debate 논쟁(하다) deliberate 고의적인/심의하다 diminishes 감소하다 discussion 논의/토론 diverse 다양한/다른 emphasized 강조하다 forums 포럼/회의 foundation 기초 influences 영향을 미치다 issue 논쟁 likelihood 가능성/기회 opposed 반대하다 polarized 대립시키다 positions 위치/입장 settings 설치/환경 traditional 전통적인/구식의 values 가치/가치관
What is the topic sentence?
Some people believe that the social sciences are falling behind the natural sciences.
They maintain that not only does social science have no exact laws, but it also has failed to eliminate great social evils such as racial discrimination, crime, poverty, and war.
They suggest that social scientists have failed to accomplish what might reasonably have been expected of them.
Such critics are usually unaware of the real nature of social science and of its special problems and basic limitations.
For example, they forget that the solution to a social problem requires not only knowledge but also the ability to influence people.
Even if social scientists discover the procedures that could reasonably be followed to achieve social improvement, they are seldom in a position to control social action.
For that matter, even dictators find that there are limits to their power to change society.
VOCAB: ability 능력/재능 accomplish 성취하다 achieve 달성하다 control 제어하다/통제하다 critics 비평가/비판가 dictators 독재자 discrimination 차별/편견 eliminate 없애다/제거하다 evils 사악한/악 exact 정확한 followed 뒤따르다 improvement 개선/향상 influence 영향을 미치다 knowledge 지식/아는 것 limitations 한계/제한 maintain 유지하다 natural 자연의/당연한 position 위치/입장 poverty 빈곤 procedures수속/진행 racial 인종의 reasonably 합리적으로/상당히 requires 필요로하다 seldom 거의~않다/좀처럼 social 사회의 solution 해결/용해 unaware 모르는/알지 못하는
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We cannot predict the outcomes of sporting contests, which vary from week to week.
This heterogeneity is a feature of sport.
It is the uncertainty of the result and the quality of the contest that consumers find attractive.
For the sport marketer, this is problematic, as the quality of the contest cannot be guaranteed, no promises can be made in relations to the result and no assurances can be given in respect of the performance of star players.
Unlike consumer products, sport cannot and does not display consistency as a key feature of marketing strategies.
The sport marketer therefore must avoid marketing strategies based solely on winning, and must instead focus on developing product extensions such as the facility, parking, merchandise, souvenirs, food and beverages rather than on the core product (that is, the game itself).
VOCAB: assurances 보장/확언 attractive 매력적인/매혹적인 avoid 피하다 based 기초/기반 beverages 음료 consistency 일관성/농도 display(작품을) 전시하다 extensions 연장/내선번호 facility 손쉬움/ (편위)시설/기관 feature 특징/용모 guaranteed 보장하다 heterogeneity 이종성 merchandise 상품 outcomes 결과/성과 performance 공연/실적 predict 예언하다 problematic 문제의 quality 질 relations 관계/관련 solely 오로지/오직 souvenirs 기념품/선물 strategies 전략들 uncertainty 반신반의/불확실 vary 다양하다
What is the topic sentence?
Plants are nature's alchemists; they are expert at transforming water, soil, and sunlight into an array of precious substances.
Many of these substances are beyond the ability of human beings to conceive.
While we were perfecting consciousness and learning to walk on two feet, they were, by the same process of natural selection, inventing photosynthesis (the astonishing trick of converting sunlight into food) and perfecting organic chemistry.
As it turns out, many of the plants' discoveries in chemistry and physics have served us well.
From plants come chemical compounds that nourish and heal and delight the senses.
Why would they go to all this trouble?
Why should plants bother to devise the recipes for so many complex molecules and then expend the energy needed to manufacture them?
Plants can't move, which means they can't escape the creatures that feed on them.
A great many of the chemicals plants produce are designed, by natural selection, to compel other creatures to leave them alone: deadly poisons, foul flavors, toxins to confuse the minds of predators.
Plants also can't change location or extend their reproductive range without help.
Many other of the substances plants make draw other creatures to them by stirring and gratifying their desire.
It is this fact of plants' immobility that causes them to make chemicals.
VOCAB: ability 능력/재능 alchemists 연금술사 array 다양한/정렬시키다 astonishing 놀라게 하다 bother 괴롭히다/성가시게 하다 chemical 화학적인/화학물질 compel 강요하다 conceive 마음에 품다/상상하다 confuse 혼란스럽다/혼동하다 consciousness 의식/인식 converting 바꾸다 creatures 생물/생명체 deadly 치명적인/위험한 delight 기쁘게 하다 desire 바라다 devise 고안하다/마련하다 escape 탈출하다 expend 들이다/소비하다 extend 넓히다/연장하다 feed 먹이/먹이다 flavors 맛/향기 foul 나쁜/욕설 gratifying 기쁘게 하다 heal 치료하다 immobility 부동/고정 location 장소/위치 manufacture 제조~ molecules 분자 natural 자연의/당연한 nourish 기르다 organic 유기적인/근본적인 photosynthesis 광합성 physics 물리학 poisons 독(약)중독되다/독 process 경과/과정 recipes 요리법/레시피 reproductive 복사하는/재생하는 selection 선택/선발 stirring 휘젓다 substances 물질/본질 toxins 독성물질의 transforming 변화시키다
What is the topic sentence?
Rangan opened his cycle shop early in the morning.
Yesterday he could not attend to business as he was laid up with high fever, but today he made it up to the shop to earn money for his family.
Shouting to the tea boy in the next shop for a strong cup of tea, he lined up all the bicycles to be repaired outside.
He took a sip of the tea, thinking about the order in which he had to go ahead with his job.
Rangan's thoughts were disturbed by an old man walking with his bicycle towards his shop.
The old man was wearing an old turban on his head.
His hands and face were covered in wrinkles.
In a gloomy tone, he said, "Would you please replace the tire?
I'll pay you this evening."
Feeling sympathy for him, Rangan fixed the bicycle.
He even treated the old man to a cup of tea.
The old man thanked Rangan and left.
Rangan worked hard to finish what he had to do.
It was already late evening but there was no sign of the old man.
Doubts filled him.
What if the old man does not return with the money?
He regretted fixing up the old man's bicycle.
Suddenly he lost all hope and he could wait no longer.
He locked up his shop later than usual and cursed himself for getting tricked by an old man.
At home, Rangan was confused.
Washing his greasy hands, he heard a knock at his door.
It was the old man and the tea boy.
The old man said, "Your shop was closed when I returned.
Luckily, I saw this boy in front of the shop."
Handing over the money to Rangan, he continued, "Thanks for your hospitality."
Rangan grinned at the kind words the old man spoke to him.
The fact that he had suspected the old man pained his heart.
VOCAB: ahead 앞서/앞에 attend 참석하다 confused 혼란스럽다/혼동하다 disturbed 방해하다 doubts 의심하다 fever 얼 gloomy 어두운/우울한 greasy 기름진/기름기가 도는 grinned 밝게 웃었다 hospitality 환대 laid 놓다(과거) locked 잠그다/갇히다 luckily 운좋게 regretted 후회- repaired 수리(하다 suddenly 갑자기/순식간에 suspected 의심하다 sympathy 동정 공감 tone 어조/톤 turban 터번/터번풍의 여성용 모자 wrinkles 주름
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