영어1 시사 YBM 한상호 순서배열 DB
순서배열 DB2020. 7. 10. 22:50
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esh1 | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58
PARA
1. 영1시한 1-1
Failure Is Our Friend.
(A) He was one of the world's greatest inventors, and he acquired over 1,000 patents. Like a wizard, he seemed to take ideas from thin air. However, he also faced tremendous difficulties. Edison is said to have failed 9,999 times before creating a perfect light bulb. Unlike the average person, Edison saw these mistakes not as failures but as an inevitable part of the invention process. 1
(B) In response to a question about his errors, he once said, "I have not failed 9,999 times. I've successfully found 9,999 ways that will not work." Of course, he was right. He was able to achieve success after failing repeatedly. 2
(C) No one wants to fail. We all want to succeed in everything we try and to avoid failure. Nonetheless, failing and learning from our bitter experiences is necessary for success. In fact, the most successful people are often people who have experienced many more failures than others. One of the most famous examples of someone who learned from failure was Thomas Edison.0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. 영1시한 1-2
These failures can not only motivate us to find a successful way to accomplish our goal but also help us to grow in wisdom and in spirit.
(A) Later in her life, Morrison wrote masterpieces such as Song of Solomon, Beloved, and Jazz. In 1993, she became the first African-American woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. 2
(B) Toni Morrison began writing when she was in college, but she did not produce anything good enough to publish for many years. Her troubled marriage, divorce, and life as a single mother made it even harder for her to write. 0
(C) At 39, she published her first novel, The Bluest Eye, which received mixed reviews and did not sell well. However, all her hardships added depth to her novels and encouraged her to improve her writing skills. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. 영1시한 1-3
Sometimes failure can lead us to success by showing us that we are not good at something.
(A) She experienced a brutal letdown. While staying in Paris, she happened to discover her passion for and talent in fashion design, which led her to move to fashion as a career. After returning to America, she started working as a salesperson in a clothing store. 1
(B) The fashion designer Vera Wang, for example, found a path to success, thanks to her failure. At the age of seven, she began devoting herself to figure skating, hoping to compete in the Olympics. When she was 19, however, she failed to make the U.S. Olympic team and quit figure skating. 0
(C) Developing her career from editor of a fashion magazine to design director for a global brand for about 20 years, she eventually ended up designing clothes on her own. Today, Vera Wang is a world-famous designer whose elegant dresses are sought after by celebrities the world over. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. 영1시한 1-4
Still, wouldn't it be even better if we could be successful without ever failing?
(A) As a result, the always successful person or organization could suddenly encounter a disaster. Between the 1960s and the 1980s, NASA, the U.S. agency in charge of researching and exploring space, completed one successful mission after another with no significant failure. 1
(B) We may think so, but in the end, performing without failure doesn't necessarily produce lasting success. All success with no failure often leads a person to arrogance and carelessness. 0
(C) In 1968, it launched Apollo 8, the first manned spacecraft to fly around the moon. In 1969, Apollo 11 landed on the moon, and the NASA astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person in history to walk on the moon. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. 영1시한 1-5
During the following years, NASA successfully sent five other rockets to the moon.
(A) In 1986, NASA planned to send its second space shuttle, Challenger, into orbit. Right before the launch, engineers expressed concerns about mechanical malfunctions and advised that the launching be postponed. 1
(B) Even when the oxygen tank in Apollo 13 exploded on its way to the moon in 1970, its entire crew was rescued, and they were able to return home safely. This continued series of successes made the decision-makers at NASA too self-assured and unable to imagine failure. 0
(C) However, NASA managers did not take their warnings seriously and launched Challenger as planned. Challenger broke apart 73 seconds after it was launched, resulting in the deaths of its seven crew members. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. 영1시한 1-6
Edison, Morrison, and Wang all suffered big failures, but they never gave up.
(A) She remarked, "Failure taught me things about myself that I could have learned no other way." By risking and confronting failures and learning from them, we can become wiser and stronger. 2
(B) After all, the only way to avoid failures is to do nothing. JK Rowling said that suffering many failures in her life eventually enabled her to write the Harry Potter series. 1
(C) They learned from their mistakes and went on to experience even greater triumphs. Like many successful people, we should view failure not as the opposite of success, but as an indispensable step on the path to reach success. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. 영1시한 2-1
The Evolution of the Camera.
(A) In the movie Argo, a group of American embassy staff members try to escape from a foreign country before the enemy finds them. To prevent the enemy from identifying them, they attempt to eliminate all the photographs inside the embassy along with all embassy documents. While they are hiding and waiting for rescue, the enemy reassembles the torn pieces of the photographs to find out what the escapees look like. 0
(B) There would be too many pictures floating around on the Internet to find and erase. This example points out how differently we handle photographs today from how we did in the past. At the center of this change is the ever-evolving technology of the camera. 2
(C) These staff members must leave the country before their photographs are reconstructed. This story only makes sense because it is set in 1980. If a similar incident happened today, it would be impossible for the embassy employees to destroy their photographs in time. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. 영1시한 2-2
From the Film Camera to the Digital Camera.
(A) As a result, most people are taking far more photographs than ever they would have before. In the past, when a family took a trip to the countryside for the weekend, they might have taken 10 to 20 photographs. Today, many families will take 100 to 200 pictures during the same countryside trip. When they return home, they can choose the shots they want to keep and discard the rest. 2
(B) A photographer needed to learn how to decide an adequate composition for the picture, to adjust the focal length, and to set the film and the shutter speed before shooting. It was important to prepare carefully if a person was going to take a good photograph, because it was nearly impossible to change anything once the photograph had been taken. The digital camera has changed all that. Since today's digital cameras store photographs in the form of digital images, no film is needed. In other words, taking pictures with a digital camera is practically free. 1
(C) Before the digital camera was invented, we had the film camera. It captured an image on a piece of film every time we took a picture. Once used, the film could not be erased or reused. To take pictures, photographers needed not only a camera, but also film, which they had to buy every time they wanted to take another photograph. Furthermore, taking a photograph required knowledge, skill, and practice. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. 영1시한 2-3
The discarded pictures cost them nothing, except perhaps a little time.
(A) Thus, people took pictures mostly on special occasions, such as weddings, graduations, and trips to exotic places. Now we can take pictures of anything we want, whenever we want. No one thinks that taking a picture of tonight's dinner, a lovely pet, or a book you like, is strange or a waste of money. 2
(B) Moreover, the digital camera has made it astonishingly easy to take photographs by making all the shooting processes automatic. People who know next to nothing about photography can still produce high-quality photographs. 0
(C) The transition from the film camera to the digital camera has changed our idea about what to take pictures of. When photographers used film in the past, each photo cost money. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. 영1시한 2-4
The Smartphone and Citizen Journalism.
(A) By integrating the mobile phone and the camera, the smartphone has further transformed the way we use and think about photography. Nowadays, whenever we want to take a picture, our camera is already in our hand, in our smartphone. 0
(B) Taking a photograph of oneself was difficult and not often done in the past. However, the smartphone made it so convenient and popular that taking a photograph of oneself, or a selfie, is now one of the most common types of photography on the Internet. It can be said that the smartphone lets everyone use photography as a tool for self-expression. 2
(C) The smartphone has also made it easier to share our photographs with others since smartphones come with a wireless Internet connection and social networking apps. These features of the smartphone have resulted in new picture-taking habits. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. 영1시한 2-5
The smartphone also enables ordinary people to gather, report, and spread news without relying on the mainstream media, such as newspapers or television.
(A) Internationally, citizen journalism has played a crucial role in letting the world know the realities of major world events, such as the earthquake in Haiti and the Arab Spring. 2
(B) This practice is called citizen journalism. 0
(C) Thanks to citizen journalists, inappropriate or inconsiderate behaviors such as leaving one's pet's droppings on the street or abusing a bus driver are quickly photographed and reported online. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. 영1시한 2-6
By any measure, the world today is far different from the world as it was in the film Argo.
(A) Some people worry that these changes have made us preoccupied with taking pictures and flooding the Internet with too many unimportant images.1
(B) There may be some truth in that, but it cannot be denied that technology today has made photography an essential part of our culture and that it has altered the way people see the world. 2
(C) There are infinitely more photographs and amateur photographers now than there were 40 years ago. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. 영1시한 3-1
Kim Whanki, Painter of Korean Beauty.
(A) Kim Whanki, one of the most beloved Korean artists, is considered the leading figure in the first generation of Korean Abstract painters. He is more than just that, however. All his life, he devoted himself to discovering the essence of Korean beauty. Moreover, he was a man who never ceased to challenge himself and grow as an artist. 0
(B) When the Korean War broke out in 1950, he went to Busan for safety. His paintings Shanty and Refugee Train portrayed the hard life of the common people during wartime. However, these paintings are not depressing images. Bright colors and simple lines show hope for life among people who did not give in to their difficult circumstances. 2
(C) Kim Whanki was born in 1913, on a small island in South Jeolla Province. During the Japanese occupation, he spent most of his adolescent years in Seoul and then studied painting in Japan. It was during this time that he became familiar with new trends in Western art, including Abstract painting. After Korea achieved its independence from Japan, he became both a promising painter and respected professor at an art college in Seoul. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. 영1시한 3-2
Returning to Seoul after the war, Kim Whanki felt a strong desire to capture the essence of the beauty found in traditional Korean art.
(A) He collected old Korean paintings and pottery. He especially loved large white porcelain moon jars. When he was asked why moon jars attracted him so much, he said, "Korean jars have broadened my idea of beauty. 0
(B) At the time, his painting style was semi-abstract;. Viewers could see certain forms in his paintings although the objects were simplified. 2
(C) The jars are like curious textbooks for my paintings." Along with jars, he often included mountains, plum blossoms, and the moon as subjects in his paintings. Paintings like Jars and Plum Blossoms and Jar and Moon represent his love of Korean pottery and other traditional objects. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. 영1시한 3-3
By the early 1950s, although Kim Whanki had become successful as an artist, he was not satisfied with being an outstanding painter only within Korea.
(A) During this period, objects were given more simplified shapes, and his art became more abstract. In his famous work Song of Eternity, he included natural objects from the sipjangsaeng, the 10 symbols of eternal life, such as water, stones, mountains, clouds, and pine trees. 1
(B) In 1956, he resigned from the college and went to Paris, where he lived for three years. He concentrated on delivering the beauty of traditional Korean objects on canvas to the people of France. 0
(C) It was praised by art critics for combining Asian concepts and ideals with abstraction. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. 영1시한 3-4
Kim Whanki returned to Seoul in 1959 and quickly regained his fame as a prominent artist.
(A) Once an art dealer lied to him and sold his paintings without paying him. On another occasion, a group of paintings were lost during an exhibition. With loneliness and financial difficulty, he tried to find a way to survive in New York as an artist. 2
(B) In 1963 at the age of 50, he became the first Korean artist to be invited to the São Paulo Art Biennale in Brazil. Meeting artists from all over the world and seeing their works, he decided to go directly from São Paulo to New York to challenge himself and extend his artistic boundaries. 0
(C) Life in New York was not easy. In the beginning, he received negative reviews from critics. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. 영1시한 3-5
During his 11 years in New York, Kim Whanki's style eventually reached complete abstraction.
(A) Kim Whanki explained, "The dots are the faces of all my friends in Korea. The faces I was longing for became the stars in my mind and the dots in my painting." Starting with that work, he began to use only dots and created his own unique style called "dot painting." 1
(B) In dot paintings, he filled big canvases with countless dots. Most of these paintings were in his characteristic blue tones, which represented the color of the sea near his hometown. 2
(C) He gradually took away figures and filled his canvases with basic elements such as dots and lines. His masterpiece, completed in 1970, Where, in What Form, Shall We Meet Again?, is covered with thousands of blue dots. The title was taken from a famous poem by Kim Kwangsup, which is about looking at the stars and longing for loved ones. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. 영1시한 3-6
In the Evening Kim Kwangsup Of all those numerous stars, one in particular looks down upon me.
(A) As the night grows deeper, it fades into brightness and I disappear into darkness. 1
(B) Of all these countless people, my eyes are set upon one particular star. 0
(C) Where, in what form shall the two of us... you, one so warm, and me, one so tender, meet again? 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. 영1시한 3-7
Kim Whanki passed away in New York in 1974.
(A) Meanwhile, his life story helps us realize how important it is to be true to and passionate about our dreams and ideals. 2
(B) Almost half a century has passed since his death, but his art is still highly respected. 1
(C) Throughout his entire life, his artistic passion never grew old or became weak. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. 영1시한 4-1
Last winter, my family and I visited Penang Island, Malaysia.
(A) I had always been interested in Malaysia because it is a multicultural country, where Chinese, Indian, Islamic, and traditional Malay cultures coexist with European influences. In addition, we chose Penang as our destination because it is famous for its street art, something that both my mother and I are interested in. 0
(B) As a center of trade between the East and the West, George Town has been home to a diverse population for a long time and has many beautiful, historically important buildings. For these reasons, it is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 2
(C) Penang is a tropical island located off the northwest coast of Malaysia. Its capital, George Town, was built by British settlers in the late 18th century and named after King George III. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. 영1시한 4-2
In the last week of January, my family and I flew to Penang.
(A) Laksa is a spicy noodle soup that blends Chinese and Malay cuisine. People from different regions and cultures have invented different types of laksa. Penang asam laksa is made with fresh seafood and has a sour, spicy taste. At first I thought it looked like Kalguksu in a Korean Ramyeon sauce, but with a strange smell. 1
(B) As soon as we entered George Town, I was struck by its unique beauty. European-and Asian-style buildings stood side by side, and many buildings looked neither completely Western nor completely Eastern but a mixture of the two. Having left our luggage at the hotel, my family and I walked around the city. First, we stopped at a nearby restaurant and had asam laksa for lunch. 0
(C) When I tasted it, however, I found it was really delicious. The soup was very rich, and its sour, spicy taste was very refreshing. After finishing lunch, we visited some famous, old buildings. Among them, my favorite was Blue Mansion, a large, luxurious house built in the 19th century. Painted in vivid blue and built in a style that combined Chinese and European architecture, it was both beautiful and unique at the same time. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. 영1시한 4-3
The next day, we went to see some impressive historical temples.
(A) It was terrific to see how all these different religious temples coexist in the same area. On the third day, we went to Armenian Street. It is called that because many Armenian immigrants moved to this district in the 19th century. However, they did not stay long, and soon Chinese traders replaced them. 1
(B) As a result, many of the buildings on Armenian Street have unusual appearances. They appear to have been designed and begun by Europeans but decorated and finished by Chinese. Although there were many white buildings, some badly in need of paint, there were also many other buildings painted in yellow, pink, orange, and brick-red. The colorfulness and slightly different decorations of the buildings made the whole street look really delightful. 2
(C) First, we stopped by the Kapitan Keling Mosque, the largest Mosque in George Town. Visitors wearing shorts are not allowed to enter, so I had to borrow a long skirt to get in. Then, we went to see Sri Maha Mariamman Temple, which is covered with colorful carvings of countless Hindu gods and goddesses. Lastly, we visited Kek Lok Si, the largest Buddhist temple in Malaysia located in a suburb of George Town. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. 영1시한 4-4
We also saw some of Penang's famous street art on Armenian Street and more on nearby Cannon Street.
(A) I was amazed by the diverse styles of murals. Some of them were quite realistic, while others were artistically simplified or somewhat abstract. 0
(B) A famous mural of two children riding a bicycle, for example, was created by a famous artist named Ernest Zacharevic. My favorite pieces were the mural of a very large cat and another painting of two cute little owls. 2
(C) A few combined actual things such as a bicycle or a cart with paintings on the wall. I was also surprised to learn that these works of art were created not only by local people but also by artists from all parts of the world. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. 영1시한 4-5
On the last day of our trip, we visited the Little Penang Street Market, a street market that is held on the last Sunday of each month.
(A) The seller explained that it was traditional artwork made by the Orang Asli, the inhabitants who have lived in Malaysia longer than anyone else. After having lunch at a food stall, we left for the airport. 2
(B) The atmosphere was so lively and exciting that the entire event felt more like a small festival than a market. My parents bought a small wooden sculpture of a monkey. 1
(C) It was one of the reasons why we decided to take this trip near the end of January. The Little Penang Street Market is known as the best place to see local crafts, and it really was full of beautiful ethnic goods, including clothes, shoes, wood carvings, woven baskets, and much more. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. 영1시한 4-6
On our way home, I thought that Malaysia and Korea might have more in common than I had originally imagined.
(A) I was deeply impressed by how the Malaysians have embraced their diversity and how it has made its culture richer. 1
(B) Like Korea, Malaysia was occupied by other countries but overcame this tragic history to achieve economic and cultural development. 0
(C) Korea is also becoming an increasingly diverse country. The trip to Penang makes me wonder what Seoul will be like in the future. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. 영1시한 5-1
French fries, which are often served with fast foods, are one of the best known American side dishes.
(A) Instead of French fries, the French have traditionally enjoyed roasted potatoes with chicken for their Sunday lunch. Potato pancakes and potato soups are popular traditional dishes in Germany, while fish and chips is one of the most popular street foods in England. 2
(B) The real inventors of the so-called "French" fries were not the French but the Belgians. 1
(C) It is said that Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, tasted these fried potatoes in France and brought the recipe home to America. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. 영1시한 5-2
The potato has become such an important part of Western food culture that it is hard to believe that it has had such a relatively short history in Europe.
(A) For this reason, potatoes were most often given to animals, while people ate them only when there was nothing else to eat. The potato gradually but steadily spread across Europe, as people learned how it could help them in times of war, bad weather, and desperate hunger. 2
(B) Most people thought potatoes looked too ugly for people to eat. Some even believed that potatoes were created by devils. 1
(C) The potato has been grown by South American Indians in the Andes Mountains for nearly 10,000 years, but it was only 500 years ago when the Europeans learned about this vegetable and brought it to their homelands. At first, Europeans did not like this unfamiliar and alien food. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. 영1시한 5-3
Hunger was a common part of everyday life in 17th- and 18th-century Europe.
(A) Not only did potatoes grow well in much of Europe, but they were also very nutritious. Once Europeans began to grow potatoes, their food supplies doubled in quantity and increased dramatically in quality. Throughout Europe, potatoes quickly became the main source of nutrition for the majority of common people. 1
(B) By the end of the 18th century, potatoes had taken over most European farms, and famine had become a rare and unusual incident. At long last, Europe was able to feed itself. 2
(C) The average European not only often went hungry, but sometimes even starved to death. Many countries suffered nationwide famines at least once every decade. The potato changed all that. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
29. 영1시한 5-4
Thanks to the fact that the potato was inexpensive and nutritious, many Europeans escaped famines, and the populations in European nations increased rapidly during the 19th century.
(A) It was easier to grow potatoes than many other crops, so fewer people were needed for farming. 1
(B) Furthermore, the potato indirectly led to the Industrial Revolution in 19th century England. 0
(C) People who no longer worked on farms came to the cities and became factory workers, enabling new manufacturing industries to grow more quickly. With the larger populations and more advanced technologies, European nations became powerful enough to venture into other parts of the world and colonize them. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
30. 영1시한 5-5
The impact of the potato in Europe was not entirely positive.
(A) Many countries were affected, but Ireland suffered the most. In two months, the disease wiped out almost half of the potato crop in Ireland. 1
(B) It was much more complicated. Because the people of Ireland were excessively dependent upon the potato for food, when a potato disease hit Europe in 1845, it led to a disastrous situation. 0
(C) The situation continued to worsen. By 1852, more than one million Irish people, about 20 percent of the population, had starved to death, while another two million people had fled Ireland, and almost three-quarters of them had migrated to the United States. It was one of the deadliest famines in history. 2
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31. 영1시한 5-6
Despite the terrible outcome of the potato disease in Europe, it was perhaps less important in the potato's history than the Colorado potato beetle was in North America.
(A) After a series of desperate attempts, one man eventually found that Paris green, a toxic chemical used for making green paint, killed the beetles. Soon farmers were spraying it on their potatoes. Farmers were not the only people to find a new use for Paris green. Chemists saw what the farmers were doing and decided to try Paris green on other pests. 1
(B) In the 1860s, the potato beetle was carried by horses and cows from Mexico to the state of Colorado in the United States. There it attacked potatoes and spread quickly when potatoes were shipped to other parts of the country on trains and steamships. Until that time, American farmers had only planted a few varieties of potatoes, and the potatoes that they planted were extremely vulnerable to the pest. As a result, farmers were practically defenseless against this pest. 0
(C) They then decided to try other chemicals for other problems. Scientists began to do research and discover chemicals and substances that were effective for many different agricultural problems. That was the beginning of the modern pesticide industry. 2
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32. 영1시한 5-7
Often, the course of history is changed by seemingly insignificant things.
(A) The potato changed Europe first by freeing the European people from hunger. 1
(B) It then went on to prepare the ground for the Industrial Revolution, the rise of the European empires, and new techniques in farming. As a result, this simple vegetable, which was once unwanted and thought to be ugly, has shaped the modern world as we know it. 2
(C) In this case, it was changed by the potato. 0
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33. 영1시한 6-1
When Jeff Bush, a 37-year-old Florida man, screamed out for help, his brother Jeremy ran into Jeff's bedroom.
(A) I tried everything I could, but I couldn't get him out," Jeremy cried. It was a sinkhole that instantly pulled Jeff into the earth. A sinkhole is a hole that opens up in the ground caused by a collapse of the land surface. 1
(B) Seeing that Jeff and all his furnishings had vanished into the earth, Jeremy desperately tried to rescue him. He didn't stop until the police arrived. "I tried so hard. 0
(C) Sinkholes vary in size from 1 to 600 meters deep. Some sinkholes are large enough to swallow entire buildings. Sinkholes have been around for a long time. It is said that the ancient Maya believed sinkholes were passageways to the world of the dead. 2
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34. 영1시한 6-2
Unlike the sinkhole in Florida, not all sinkholes are dangerous, destructive, and ruinous.
(A) The Great Blue Hole in Belize is one of the most spectacular; it is 300 meters wide and 124 meters deep. 2
(B) Some sinkholes attract tourists who are interested in the mystery and the beauty of nature. Some notable sinkholes include Sima Humboldt in Venezuela, which is 314 meters deep and Xiaozhai Tiankeng in China, 662 meters deep and 626 meters wide. 0
(C) Sinkholes can form underwater, too. Underwater sinkholes are called blue holes. 1
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35. 영1시한 6-3
Sinkholes typically occur in areas where the rock beneath the surface soil is limestone, carbonate rock, sandstone, or some other soft rock that is easily worn away by water.
(A) Slowly and continually, sometimes taking hundreds or thousands of years, the water erodes small parts of the rock, creating cracks underground. As the process continues, the soil above is gradually washed into the cracks, and it creates a space in the soil. It is not seen on the surface. 1
(B) These kinds of rocks are found in many parts of Florida, Texas, and Kentucky in the U.S. They are also common in the U.K., Mexico, Belize, Slovenia, Croatia, and China. When rainwater seeps down through surface soil, it eventually reaches bedrock below. 0
(C) As the space becomes too large to support the soil above, it collapses, and a hole opens up on the surface. Though sinkholes form gradually, the final collapse of the surface happens suddenly. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
36. 영1시한 6-4
Rainwater erodes the bedrock, creating cracks underground.
(A) As the space cannot support the soil above, it collapses, and a hole opens up. 2
(B) The space in the soil grows over time. 1
(C) The soil above the cracks is washed into the cracks, creating a space in the soil. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
37. 영1시한 6-5
The most common factor that triggers a collapse is a change in underground water levels.
(A) Most sinkholes we are seeing these days are indirectly related to human activities, such as drilling, mining, or construction. They may also occur because of broken water pipes, heavy weight on soft soil, and the removal of groundwater. Collapses from these man-made causes can have especially dramatic effects because they often occur in the middle of a street or in housing areas. 2
(B) For example, during long periods of drought, underground water levels will fall. When this happens, the space that was once supported by the water may become weaker and collapse. Another trigger is a rapid increase in surface water. 0
(C) A sudden heavy rain can add dramatically to the weight of the surface soil, making it too heavy for the space beneath to bear. This, too, can bring about a collapse. Sometimes the trigger can be man-made. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
38. 영1시한 6-6
Recently, many sinkholes have opened up in urban areas around the world, sometimes resulting in tragic accidents.
(A) In 2010, in Guatemala City, an area approximately 20 meters wide and 30 meters deep collapsed, swallowing a three story factory and killing 15 people. The sinkhole was caused by the increase of surface water due to tropical storm Agatha and leakage from a local waste water pipe. 0
(B) Sinkholes caused by human carelessness can often be prevented. Thorough soil testing prior to construction and maintaining the underground water and plumbing systems are the best ways to prevent the formation of a sinkhole in the middle of a city. 2
(C) Generally speaking, naturally occurring sinkholes cannot be prevented. However, if you live in an area where sinkholes have happened before, look around for possible warnings, such as leaning trees, doors or windows that don't close properly, or rainwater collecting in unusual spots. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
39. 영1시한 6-7
Sinkholes are not widespread events like hurricanes or earthquakes.
(A) However, this does not mean that we should ignore the possibility of sinkholes. 1
(B) As our population grows and we develop in areas where sinkholes are common, we seem to be seeing more sinkholes and more stories about humans being affected by them. If we look for ways to detect and prevent sinkholes, it may be easier to rescue another Jeff from a sinkhole somewhere else in the world. 2
(C) They are very localized. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
40. 영1시한 SP1
Provide Access to Clean Water When Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote "water, water, everywhere, nor any drop to drink," he did not have the 21st century's global water situation in mind.
(A) But he wasn't far from correct about the present world's water situation.0
(B) 2
(C) Today, the availability of water for drinking and other uses is a critical problem in many areas of the world. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
41. 영1시한 SP2
How serious is our water challenge?
(A) If sufficient water for sanitation were available, these children would be saved. Is water really scarce? Earth is sometimes called "the Blue Planet" because it is covered by so much water. In fact, Earth does contain over a billion trillion liters of water. However, very little of that water is safe to drink.1
(B) Over 97% of the water on Earth is salt water. Of the fresh water that remains, over two thirds is locked away in ice caps and glaciers. Most of the rest is trapped in the soil or underground. But that amount is enough for now. 2
(C) Nowadays, the lack of clean water causes more deaths than war. One out of every six people living today does not have adequate access to water, and more than double that number live in unhealthy environments because they lack the water they need for cleaning. In some countries, half the population does not have access to safe drinking water. As a result, people living in these countries have many health problems. Nearly 5,000 children globally die every day from diseases caused by the lack of clean water. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
42. 영1시한 SP3
Then why is the water crisis so severe?
(A) Even within specific countries, such as Brazil, some regions have more than enough fresh, unpolluted water while other regions often suffer from droughts. And it is not just drinking water that is needed. Water for drinking and personal use is only a small portion of society's total water needs — household water usually accounts for less than 5 percent of total water use. 1
(B) Because groundwater, mostly deposited in earlier times, is being exhausted far faster than it is being replaced. Moreover, it is not always located where it is needed. For example, Canada has far more water than its people need, while the Middle East, North Africa, and many other regions are always in want of water. 0
(C) Most of the fresh water we use is for agriculture and industrial activities. In addition, water is also inevitably needed for ecological processes not directly related to human use. Overcoming the crisis in water and sanitation is one of the toughest human challenges of the early 21st century. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
43. 영1시한 SP4
So what solutions are out there?
(A) Another approach that can be applied is desalination. Desalination is extracting the salt from seawater. Desalination is not a new idea and is already used in many regions, particularly in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia produces about one tenth of the water produced by desalination in the world. 1
(B) Israel uses desalination technology to provide about a fourth of its domestic water needs. More than 12,000 desalination plants are now in operation in the world. But desalination plants are expensive to build and require lots of energy to operate, which makes desalination suitable mainly for seaside cities in rich countries. It therefore has limited value for poor countries, where water supply problems are the most serious. If desalination is going to be a realistic source of fresh water, countries need either abundant, cheap energy or a way to make the process more efficient. 2
(C) Today, we need more sophisticated and controlling water supply methods that do not only meet our increased needs but also prevent damage to the environment and ecosystems. One large-scale approach used in the U.S., China, India, and other countries has been to divert the flow of water from regions where it is plentiful to where it is scarce. Such diversion projects provide some short-term relief for cities, but they are not practical as widespread or long-term solutions and have ecologically damaging effects. Another problem is that diverting water to some people often means less for others, and this can become an explosive political issue potentially. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
44. 영1시한 SP5
A different technological approach is used for irrigation systems.
(A) However, this is not a perfect solution because it does not provide enough water to cleanse the soil. Technologies are being developed, for instance, to improve recycling of waste water so that it can be used for irrigation or industrial purposes. Hopefully, recycled water may someday even be returned to groundwater. However, very effective purification methods and thorough safeguards are necessary to ensure the safety of recycled water. 2
(B) Agricultural irrigation consumes enormous quantities of water;. In developing countries, irrigation often exceeds 80 percent of total water use. One of the earliest and most widespread forms is flood irrigation. It involves pumping or diverting water to fields so that water flows along the ground among the crops. 0
(C) It is simple and cheap, but also inefficient and wasteful. Improved technologies such as "drip irrigation" can drip water directly onto plants. It can provide crops with water more efficiently and significantly reduce agricultural water demand. Already some countries, such as Jordan, have dramatically reduced water use with drip technology. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
45. 영1시한 SP6
Above are large-scale solutions for providing a huge amount of water.
(A) Traditional approaches to water use and conservation cannot solve the water crises of the future. We must, as Einstein points out, do something different. The world's water problems can only be solved by better technologies and more imaginative innovations. 2
(B) However, a small-scale process has also been used to improve water availability and safety. It is a small distillation unit, which is a particularly attractive approach in rural and low-income areas, where the lack of infrastructure makes it hard to distribute water efficiently and economically. Some current projects have produced inexpensive distillation units that can remove toxic elements from any water source. A unit smaller than a dishwasher can provide daily clean water for 100 people. 0
(C) Today, the earth's population is seven billion. By 2050, the global population is expected to rise to nine billion. As a result, there have been significant calls for a change in the way the world is dealing with growing water shortages. Albert Einstein once described madness as "doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results." 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
[ANSWER]
1. ④ 2. ③ 3. ② 4. ② 5. ② 6. ⑤ 7. ① 8. ⑤ 9. ③ 10. ①
11. ③ 12. ④ 13. ① 14. ① 15. ② 16. ③ 17. ④ 18. ② 19. ⑤ 20. ①
21. ② 22. ④ 23. ① 24. ⑤ 25. ② 26. ⑤ 27. ⑤ 28. ④ 29. ② 30. ②
31. ② 32. ④ 33. ② 34. ③ 35. ② 36. ⑤ 37. ③ 38. ① 39. ④ 40. ①
41. ④ 42. ② 43. ④ 44. ③ 45. ③
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