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[4-out]
 
#123,842 빅데이터 연구결과 #'분석'하라!' 
뽑아내지말고 우선순위대로 지워라


긴동사/긴준동사
ㅇㄱㄹㅇ being/been

The innovativeness of cities is related directly to the quality of human talent. China's coastal cities [have been quicker] off the mark because they [have been more]successful in nurturing quality, retaining the most talented knowledge workers, and attracting the cream of the knowledge workers from other parts of the country.

명→형→부→5V보어

The innovativeness of cities is related directly [to] the quality of human talent.
The coastal cities are also more open and accessible [to] outsiders and have integrated with global knowledge networks.
For smaller inland cities [to] become innovative smart cities, they will need [to] specialize and pull in some of the best brains in their fields of specialization from across the country.
Any serious attempt [to] become an innovative city built on the quality of talent, which after all is the life blood of innovation, will have [to] combine urban design and renewal with a focus on developing a few core areas of world-class expertise.

Ving
동→명→형→부

China's coastal cities have been quicker off the mark because they have been more successful in [nurtur+ing] quality, [retain+ing] the most talented knowledge workers, and [attract+ing] the cream of the knowledge workers from other parts of the country.

피피
동→형→부

China's coastal cities have been quicker off the mark because they have been more successful in nurturing quality, retaining the most [talented] knowledge workers, and attracting the cream of the knowledge workers from other parts of the country.
The coastal cities are also more open and accessible to outsiders and have [integrated] with global knowledge networks.
Any serious attempt to become an innovative city [built] on the quality of talent, which after all is the life blood of innovation, will have to combine urban design and renewal with a focus on developing a few core areas of world-class expertise.

수동
이거레알! 수동+투/명/형

The innovativeness of cities [is related] + {directly} to the quality of human talent.

관계사
계속적주의!

Any serious attempt to become an innovative city built on the quality of talent, [which] after all is the life blood of innovation, will have to combine urban design and renewal with a focus on developing a few core areas of world-class expertise.

연결
예/역/첨/인

The coastal cities are [also] more open and accessible to outsiders and have integrated with global knowledge networks.



[4-1]
 
#123,842 빅데이터 연구결과 #'분석'하라!' 
뽑아내지말고 우선순위대로 지워라

명→형→부→5V보어

But then some of them began [to] see opportunities.
As a result, they made breakthroughs in their operations that have actually enabled them [to] have lower production costs without toxic materials than with them.

Ving
동→명→형→부

U.S. [manufactur+ing] companies discovered the bright side of decision problems when they were forced by law to eliminate environmentally harmful materials from their [operat+ing] processes.
But then some of them began to see opportunities. Instead of [view+ing] the problem in its narrow and obvious form — How can we get rid of the harmful materials?
By [chang+ing] a problem into an opportunity, they gained an important advantage over their less savvy competitors.

피피
동→형→부

U.S. manufacturing companies [discovered] the bright side of decision problems when they were [forced] by law to eliminate environmentally harmful materials from their operating processes.
Instead of viewing the problem in its narrow and obvious form — How can we get rid of the harmful materials?— they [redefined] it more broadly: How can we produce our product in the best and most efficient way?
As a result, they [made] breakthroughs in their operations that have actually [enabled] them to have lower production costs without toxic materials than with them.
By changing a problem into an opportunity, they [gained] an important advantage over their less savvy competitors.

대명→가주어/가목적어→강조

How can we get rid of the harmful materials?— they redefined [it] more broadly: How can we produce our product in the best and most efficient way?

수동
이거레알! 수동+투/명/형

U.S. manufacturing companies discovered the bright side of decision problems when they [were forced] + {by} law to eliminate environmentally harmful materials from their operating processes.

접속사
댓=접관동부

As a result, they made breakthroughs in their operations [that] have actually enabled them to have lower production costs without toxic materials than with them.

5V
목적격보어자리 잘봐!

U.S. manufacturing companies discovered the bright side of decision problems when they were [forced] by law to eliminate environmentally harmful materials from their operating processes.
As a result, they made breakthroughs in their operations that have actually [enabled] them to have lower production costs without toxic materials than with them.

연결
예/역/첨/인

[Instead] of viewing the problem in its narrow and obvious form — How can we get rid of the harmful materials?
[As a result], they made breakthroughs in their operations that have actually enabled them to have lower production costs without toxic materials than with them.



[4-2]
 
#123,842 빅데이터 연구결과 #'분석'하라!' 
뽑아내지말고 우선순위대로 지워라

명→형→부→5V보어

Higher food production, markets for products of all sorts, incentives for inventors, greater ability [to] communicate ideas, and the scientific method all combined [to]fuel more and more rapid innovation.
It also gave birth [to] telescopes when early inventors discovered that lenses could be placed in front of other lenses [to] make distant objects appear near.
The telescope then gave birth [to] the microscope.
The microscope uncovered the world of microorganisms too small for the eye [to] see.
The discovery of microorganisms, and the ability [to] look for them on food, in water, and in samples taken from the body, led [to] the germ theory of disease.
That in turn led [to] modern medicine and longer lives.

Ving
동→명→형→부

Ideas built on ideas, often in [surpris+ing] ways.

피피
동→형→부

Higher food production, markets for products of all sorts, incentives for inventors, greater ability to communicate ideas, and the scientific method all [combined] to fuel more and more rapid innovation.
Ideas [built] on ideas, often in surprising ways. Lens-making for eyeglasses let craftsmen work decades longer, even after their eyesight [faltered].
It also gave birth to telescopes when early inventors [discovered] that lenses could be [placed] in front of other lenses to make distant objects appear near.
The telescope then gave birth to the microscope. The microscope [uncovered] the world of microorganisms too small for the eye to see.
The discovery of microorganisms, and the ability to look for them on food, in water, and in samples [taken] from the body, led to the germ theory of disease.

대명→가주어/가목적어→강조

[It] also gave birth to telescopes when early inventors discovered that lenses could be placed in front of other lenses to make distant objects appear near.

수동
이거레알! 수동+투/명/형

It also gave birth to telescopes when early inventors discovered that lenses could [be placed] + {in} front of other lenses to make distant objects appear near.

접속사
댓=접관동부

It also gave birth to telescopes when early inventors discovered [that] lenses could be placed in front of other lenses to make distant objects appear near.

연결
예/역/첨/인

Lens-making for eyeglasses let craftsmen work decades longer, even after their eyesight faltered. It [also] gave birth to telescopes when early inventors discovered that lenses could be placed in front of other lenses to make distant objects appear near.



[4-3]
 
#123,842 빅데이터 연구결과 #'분석'하라!' 
뽑아내지말고 우선순위대로 지워라

피피
동→형→부

There is, of course, a certain communality in what cultures consider comical, but a significant part of the comical and the comedy remains specific to a culture and is, therefore, almost untranslatable.

대명→가주어/가목적어→강조

On the contrary, [it] largely depends on our identity as part of a larger social group.

전+which
ㅇㄱㄹㅇ

What we find funny, comical, or hilarious depends on where we come from, {in} + [which] country (even which region of a country) we grew up, and what language(s) we speak.
There is, of course, a certain communality {in} + [what] cultures consider comical, but a significant part of the comical and the comedy remains specific to a culture and is, therefore, almost untranslatable.

접속사
댓=접관동부

There is, of course, a certain communality in [what] cultures consider comical, but a significant part of the comical and the comedy remains specific to a culture and is, therefore, almost untranslatable.
For instance, [what] solicits the highest respect from one group (religious rituals or nationalist celebrations are favorites here) can be seen as comical by those who look at it from the outside, who are embedded in a similarly social but crucially different structure of their own group.

연결
예/역/첨/인

[On the contrary], it largely depends on our identity as part of a larger social group.
[For instance], what solicits the highest respect from one group (religious rituals or nationalist celebrations are favorites here) can be seen as comical by those who look at it from the outside, who are embedded in a similarly social but crucially different structure of their own group.



[4-4]
 
#123,842 빅데이터 연구결과 #'분석'하라!' 
뽑아내지말고 우선순위대로 지워라

명→형→부→5V보어

Minorities tend not [to] have much power or status and may even be dismissed as troublemakers, extremists or simply 'weirdos'.
Such change has often occurred because a minority has converted others [to] its point of view.
Christianity, trade unionism or feminism) were originally due [to] the influence of an outspoken minority.

피피
동→형→부

The crucial factor in the success of the suffragette movement was that its proponents were consistent in their views, and this [created] a considerable degree of social influence.
Minorities that are active and [organised], who advocate and defend their position consistently, can create social conflict, doubt and uncertainty among members of the majority, and ultimately this may lead to social change.
Such change has often [occurred] because a minority has [converted] others to its point of view.

수동
이거레알! 수동+투/명/형

Minorities tend not to have much power or status and may even [be dismissed] + {as} troublemakers, extremists or simply 'weirdos'.

전+which
ㅇㄱㄹㅇ

Without the influence of minorities, we would have no innovation, no social change. Many {of} + [what] we now regard as 'major' social movements (eg_ Christianity, trade unionism or feminism) were originally due to the influence of an outspoken minority.

접속사
댓=접관동부

The social psychologist Serge Moscovici claims [that] the answer lies in their behavioural style, ie_ the way the minority gets its point across.
The crucial factor in the success of the suffragette movement was [that] its proponents were consistent in their views, and this created a considerable degree of social influence.
Minorities [that] are active and organised, who advocate and defend their position consistently, can create social conflict, doubt and uncertainty among members of the majority, and ultimately this may lead to social change.
Many of [what] we now regard as 'major' social movements (eg_ Christianity, trade unionism or feminism) were originally due to the influence of an outspoken minority.


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