영어 YBM 시사 한상호 1과 2과 3과 4과 온라인 자기주도학습 워크북
임희재 저술교재2018. 2. 26. 01:08
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from 영어시한 2018 All Rights Reserved. Written by Wayne
[Yummy ⌈expressions 표현, 표현법⌋] What / is Eggs Benedict ⌈made 화난, 미친⌋ / with?
Can you think of any English ⌈expressions 표현, 표현법⌋ / about food?
It' s a piece of ⌈cake 케이크, 몫⌋!
Food ⌈expressions 표현, 표현법⌋ / are all around us.
We / can even find them / on the ⌈breakfast 아침, 아침식사⌋ table.
Take a look, for example, / at the ⌈popular 인기 있는, 유명한⌋ Western ⌈breakfast 아침, 아침식사⌋ ⌈dish 음식, 요리⌋, Eggs Benedict.
It / is ⌈made 화난, 미친⌋ / with eggs, ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋, Canadian ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋, ⌈salt 소금⌋, / and sometimes cheese.
Did you know / that each of these ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋ / has its own English ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ / with a story behind it?
Let's find out more!
She had egg / on her face.
Meaning: She / was very ⌈embarrassed 당황한, 부끄러운⌋.
Story Behind It : Long ago, some ⌈crowds 군중, 붐비다⌋ / were overly ⌈responsive 민감한, 반응하는⌋ / to ⌈theatrical 연극의, 극장의⌋ ⌈performances 공연, 실적⌋.
When they / did not like the ⌈performance 공연, 실적⌋, they ⌈threw 던졌다, 시구를 했다⌋ things / at the performer, sometimes even eggs!
Needless / to say, having egg / on the face / was very ⌈embarrassing 당황스러운, 부끄러운⌋.
Not only / did the ⌈appearance 외모, 출연⌋ look ⌈funny 재미있는, 웃기는⌋, but it also meant / that the performer had given a poor ⌈performance 공연, 실적⌋.
Today, we no longer throw eggs / at people / on ⌈stage 무대, 단계⌋, but we still use the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ egg / on one' s face / to mean an ⌈embarrassing 당황스러운, 부끄러운⌋ situation.
The driverless car / is the greatest thing / since sliced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋.
Meaning: The driverless car / is a wonderful ⌈invention 발명품, 발명⌋.
Story Behind It : Although ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / has fed ⌈mankind 인류, 인간⌋ for over 30,000 years, it / was not ⌈mass 대량의, 미사⌋-produced until the Industrial Revolution.
Even after the Industrial Revolution brought the ⌈convenience 편리, 편의⌋ of factory-produced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / to the ⌈dining 식사하기, 식사⌋ table, people still had / to cut it by hand.
Otto Frederick Rohwedder / from Iowa ⌈invented 발명하다, 개발하다⌋ the first ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ slicing machine / and put it / into service / in 1928.
Several ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ companies used his machine / and advertised sliced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / as “ the greatest ⌈forward 앞으로, 발전한⌋ step / in the baking ⌈industry 산업, 업계⌋ / since ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / was ⌈wrapped 매우 기뻐하는, 열중하는⌋.”
From there, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ the greatest thing / since sliced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / was ⌈coined 동전, 만들어내다⌋ / to refer / to a wonderful ⌈invention 발명품, 발명⌋.
Who brings home the ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋ / in your house?
Meaning: Who supports your family financially?
Story Behind It : There / was a ⌈couple 부부, 커플⌋ living / in England / in the 1100s.
The ⌈couple 부부, 커플⌋ loved each other so much / that a ⌈priest 신부, 사제⌋ ⌈awarded 상, 수여하다⌋ them some ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋.
From then / on, any ⌈couple 부부, 커플⌋ who / did not ⌈argue 주장하다, 논쟁하다⌋ / with each other for a year / and a day / was also ⌈awarded 상, 수여하다⌋ ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋.
Since ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋ / was very ⌈expensive 비싼, 돈이 많이 드는⌋ / at / that time, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ / to bring home the ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋ took / on the meaning of making money for the family.
Her father / is the big cheese / in this company.
Meaning: Her father / is a very important person / in this company.
Story Behind It: The ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ the big cheese most likely ⌈came 캠, 캠을 달다⌋ / from the U.S. / in the early 20 th century.
Back then, it / was common practice / to ⌈display (작품을) 전시하다, 보여주다⌋ a big wheel of cheese / at a large ⌈public 대중, 국민⌋ event for some time.
It / would then be *ceremonially cut up / at a later date by a very important person.
For example, / in 1911, U.S. President William Howard Taft cut up a big cheese wheel / at an event / in Chicago.
Gradually, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ the big cheese took / on the meaning of a person of great power or ⌈importance 중요성, 중대함⌋.
Take what she says / with a ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋.
Meaning: Don' t believe everything she says.
Story Behind It: Long, long ago, there lived a king who ⌈feared 두려움, 우려⌋ being ⌈poisoned 중독되다, 독⌋ by his enemies.
So, he created a ⌈recipe 요리법, 레시피⌋ for a ⌈remedy 치료하다, 구제하다⌋ against ⌈poison 중독되다, 독⌋.
His ⌈recipe 요리법, 레시피⌋ contained ⌈seventy 70⌋-two ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋, ⌈including 포함해, 등⌋ leaves of trees / and ⌈nuts 미친, 최고의것⌋.
In the last line of his ⌈recipe 요리법, 레시피⌋, he wrote / with a ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋.
This line became very ⌈famous 유명한, 잘 알려진⌋ / since the ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋ / was the deciding ⌈ingredient 재료, 성분⌋ / in ⌈protecting 보호하다, 지키다⌋ against being ⌈poisoned 중독되다, 독⌋.
Later, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ take something / with a ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋ ⌈came 캠, 캠을 달다⌋ / to have the meaning / that a little ⌈bit 조금, 약간⌋ of ⌈doubt 의심하다, 의혹⌋ / can help ⌈protect 보호하다, 지키다⌋ against being ⌈poisoned 중독되다, 독⌋ by ⌈inaccurate 정확하지 않은, 확실하지 않은⌋ or ⌈misleading 허위의, 오해하게 하는⌋ ⌈information 정보, 자료⌋.
Cooperation / in the Animal Kingdom Darwin's “survival of the fittest”/ is ⌈universally 도처에, 널리⌋ ⌈regarded 관련되다, 간주하다⌋ / as a simple ⌈reality 현실, 리얼리티⌋ / in the game of life.
Successful play sometimes ⌈requires 필요하다, 요구하다⌋ a ⌈degree 도, 학위⌋ of ⌈selfishness 이기주의, 이기심⌋.
However, across the animal kingdom, ⌈selfishness 이기주의, 이기심⌋ / is only a very small part of an animal's life.
Often, animals help each other / and work together for the greater good.
Cooperation ⌈prevails 만연하다, 이기다⌋ / at every level of the animal kingdom.
In the following three examples, it / is ⌈inspiring 고무하는, 감동시키는⌋ / to see how animals ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / to help each other.
ANTS Have you ever observed ants marching / in / and out of their nest?
If so, it / may have ⌈reminded 상기시키다, 생각나게 하다⌋ you of a ⌈highway 고속도로, 간선도로⌋ ⌈packed 싸다, 꽉 들어찬⌋ / with cars.
But this ⌈comparison 비교, ~에 비해⌋ / is not appropriate.
Ants never get / into a ⌈traffic 교통, 차⌋ ⌈jam 잼, 막히는⌋, no ⌈matter 문제, 중요하다⌋ how fast they move or how many of them ⌈occupy 점령하다, 차지하다⌋ the road.
This / is because their ⌈movements 운동, 움직임⌋ / are based / on ⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋.
When there / are a few ants ⌈moving 움직이는, 감동시키는⌋ / in a ⌈single 하나의, 싱글⌋ ⌈direction 방향, 지시⌋, some ants / are likely / to move slowly, some fast, / and others even faster.
As their number ⌈increases 증가하다, 늘리다⌋, however, they ⌈communicate 의사소통하다, 대화하다⌋ / with each other / so that they all move / at the same ⌈speed 속도, 스피드⌋.
The slow ⌈speed 속도, 스피드⌋ up / while the fast / and the superfast slow down.
There / are times / when ants ⌈leaving 떠나는, 두는⌋ the nest for food ⌈encounter 만나다, 마주치다⌋ other ants coming back / with food / on their backs.
When this happens, the inbound ants, the ones carrying a ⌈burden 부담, 부담감⌋, always / have the right of way.
Outbound ants turn / to get out of the way, / while inbound ants ⌈continue 계속하다, 지속시키다⌋ / in a ⌈straight 연속한, 똑바로⌋ line.
This ⌈arrangement 준비, 배열⌋ makes sense because it / is more ⌈difficult 어려운, 힘든⌋ for inbound ants / to change ⌈direction 방향, 지시⌋ due / to their ⌈heavy 무거운, 강력한⌋ ⌈loads 싣다, 짐⌋.
Following these ⌈rules 규칙, 규정⌋ / and cooperating / in this way, ants ⌈improve 개선하다, 향상하다⌋ the ⌈traffic 교통, 차⌋ ⌈flow 흐르다, 흐름⌋ / and make the ⌈delivery 배달, 배송⌋ of food / to the nest more ⌈efficient 효율적인, 효과적⌋.
FISH Fish also ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋.
As everyone knows, big fish often eat little fish.
Sometimes, however, little fish help the big fish, so the big fish / do not eat the little fish.
Tiny fish, which scientists refer / to as “⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋,”
swim / into the ⌈mouths 입, 말⌋ of bigger fish, which / are referred / to as “⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋.”
The ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ eat ⌈parasites 기생충, 식객⌋ / in the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋' ⌈mouths 입, 말⌋.
After the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / do their job, the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ let them go, instead of swallowing them.
The ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ get a meal, / and the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ get a healthier ⌈mouth 입, 말⌋.
Sometimes the ⌈cleaner 세탁소, 청소기⌋ fish ⌈chew ~을 씹다, 씹어서 으깨다⌋ / on the wall of the ⌈client 고객, 의뢰인⌋ fish's ⌈mouth 입, 말⌋.
Although this / may cause ⌈pain 고통, 통증⌋, the big fish still / do not eat the little ones for two ⌈reasons 이유, 원인⌋.
First, the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / are too small / to ⌈satisfy 만족시키다, 충족시키다⌋ their ⌈hunger 기아, 갈망⌋.
Second, it / is hard / to find good ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋.
Once the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / and the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ ⌈establish 설립하다, 세우다⌋ ⌈trust 신뢰, 믿음⌋, the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ want / to ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / with the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / and keep them around.
BIRDS Pied flycatchers* / are small birds / that ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / in ⌈dangerous 위험한⌋ situations.
When a predator ⌈enters 들어가다, 입장하다⌋ a flycatcher's area, the flycatcher makes a ⌈loud 큰 소리로, 큰⌋ sound for help.
Other flycatchers hear the call, / and they come / to help.
As more / and more birds ⌈join 참여하다, 가입하다⌋ the group, the predator becomes ⌈frightened 깜짝 놀란, 두려움을 느끼는⌋ / and runs away.
It / is important / to ⌈note 지적하다, 메모⌋ / that flycatchers go / to the ⌈aid 지원, 원조⌋ of another bird / in ⌈danger 위험, 위기⌋ only / if / that bird / has helped other birds / in the past.
They / do not answer the calls of birds / that / have refused / to help others before.
More Info.
Do you know how ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / to ⌈survive 살아남다, 생존하다⌋?
One kind of ⌈bat 박쥐, 배트⌋ / has a ⌈system 시스템, 제도⌋ of food ⌈sharing 서로 나누어 가지기⌋.
⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ ⌈die 죽다, 사망하다⌋ / if they go two nights / without food.
As ⌈hunting 사냥, 수렵⌋ for ⌈blood 피, 혈액⌋—heir only food—s not easy, younger ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ ⌈fail 실패, 실패하다⌋ / to find food one night out of three.
But ⌈hunger 기아, 갈망⌋ / is ⌈rare 드문, 희귀한⌋ because ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ / that find ⌈blood 피, 혈액⌋ ⌈share 공유하다, 나누다⌋ it / with ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ / that / do.
⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋ / is a ⌈process 과정, 절차⌋ / that started / with the first ⌈single 하나의, 싱글⌋-celled ⌈creatures 생물, 생명체⌋.
Living things, / from their beginnings more / than three ⌈billion 10억, 막대한 수⌋ years ago, took over the ⌈planet 행성, 혹성⌋ by learning / to ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋.
We human beings ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / in ⌈plenty 많은, 충분하게⌋ of ways, / from ⌈lining 안감, 줄무늬⌋ up / at a bus stop / to ⌈sharing 서로 나누어 가지기⌋ ⌈knowledge 지식, 아는 것⌋ / on a website.
Sometimes, however, human ⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋ / can ⌈break 깨다, 휴식⌋ down.
To ⌈foster 육성하다, 증진하다⌋ cooperative success among humans, we / should perhaps look / to ⌈nature 자연, 본성⌋ for ⌈inspiration 영감, 자극⌋.
< CULTURE > Team Sports around the World// There / are many team sports which ⌈require 필요하다, 요구하다⌋ ⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋ among the team members / in order / to win.
Let' see the ⌈origins 기원, 원산⌋ of a few of these sports.
Field Hockey Field hockey / has a long history.
Four-thousand-year-old drawings of men playing a simple ⌈version 버전⌋ of a hockey game / have been found / in ⌈tombs 무덤⌋ / in Egypt.
In the Middle Ages ⌈variations 변형, 변화⌋ of hockey-like games / were played / in European countries.
Later England modernized it.
Soccer A Chinese game called cuju meaning “kick a ⌈ball 공, 볼⌋”
⌈existed 존재하다, 있다⌋ during the 2nd / and 3rd centuries B.C.
/ and / has been ⌈recognized 인정받은, 알려진⌋ / as the first ⌈version 버전⌋ of soccer / with similar ⌈rules 규칙, 규정⌋ / to the ⌈modern 현대의, 근대의⌋ game.
Players / could use any part of their body except their hands.
Later soccer-like games / were played / in Japan Australia / and several countries / in Europe.
Now 211 countries around the world / are ⌈registered 등록된, 등기의⌋ / as members of FIFA.
⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ ⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ / has ⌈existed 존재하다, 있다⌋ / since humans first traveled / on water by boat.
The first ⌈reference 참고, 언급⌋ / to ⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ / as a sport comes / from 15thcentury B.C.
Egypt.
It later ⌈spread 퍼지다, 확산되다⌋ throughout Europe.
⌈modern 현대의, 근대의⌋ ⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ / as a ⌈competitive 경쟁의, 경쟁력을 지닌⌋ sport goes back / to England / in the 18th century.
Now one of the most ⌈famous 유명한, 잘 알려진⌋ ⌈competitions 경쟁, 대회⌋ / is the Oxford / and Cambridge Boat Race.
What Is Soda Doing / to You?
When you eat fast food, / such as pizza, hamburger, or ⌈fried 튀긴, 프라이⌋ ⌈chicken 닭, 치킨⌋, what / do you drink / with it?
Most people / have a soda.
When you go / to the movies or / when you just want something ⌈refreshing 상쾌한, 심신을 상쾌하게 하는⌋ / to ⌈satisfy 만족시키다, 충족시키다⌋ your ⌈thirst 갈증, 갈망⌋, a soda / is often the first ⌈choice 선택, 결정⌋.
Soda, also called a soft drink, / is a ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋ drink / with carbonation.
People all over the world love sodas.
Every year, Americans ⌈consume 소비하다, 먹어치우다⌋ 170 liters of soda per person, / and the British 100 liters.
Of all age groups, teenagers drink the most soda.
Most people, however, understand / that sodas / are not good for their ⌈health 건강, 보건⌋ due / to the ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋.
What / is / in a soda?
Which ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋ / are really not good for you?
⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ Everyone knows / that soft drinks / are ⌈loaded 싣다, 짐⌋ / with large ⌈amounts 양, 되다⌋ of ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋.
A ⌈typical 전형적인, 일반적인⌋ 250ml / can of soda contains 30 grams of ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋.
WHO, the World ⌈health 건강, 보건⌋ Organization, ⌈recommends 추천하다, 권하다⌋ / that people ⌈consume 소비하다, 먹어치우다⌋ less / than 25 grams of ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ a day.
Therefore, / if you drink one small / can of soda, your ⌈daily 매일의, 일상적인⌋ ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ intake already ⌈exceeds 넘어서다, 초과하다⌋ the ⌈recommended 추천하다, 권하다⌋ ⌈amount 양, 되다⌋.
What / is ⌈worse 더 나쁜, 악화되어 있는⌋, people usually / do stop / with one / can.
Having ⌈extra 추가의, 여분의⌋ ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ means adding ⌈unnecessary 불필요한, 쓸데없는⌋ calories.
Over time, this / can lead / to obesity / and other ⌈health 건강, 보건⌋ problems, / such as heart ⌈disease 질병, 병⌋ / and diabetes.
Even ⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ sodas / are not ⌈safe 안전한, 무사한⌋.
⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ sodas ⌈replace 대체하다, 교체하다⌋ the ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ / with ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners.
⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners ⌈provide 제공하다, 공급하다⌋ a ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋, sugary ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋ / with fewer calories.
This / may seem like a good thing, but it really / is.
According / to a recent study, ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners make you want more ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋ foods.
This means / that you / may ⌈easily 쉽게, 잘⌋ ⌈gain 얻다, 증가하다⌋ weight / if you keep drinking ⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ soda.
In ⌈addition 추가, 덧셈⌋, ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners / are known / to ⌈generate 창출하다, 발생시키다⌋ ⌈headaches 두통, 골칫거리⌋, ⌈emotional 감정적인, 감정의⌋ ⌈disorders 장애, 질환⌋, / and sleeping problems.
⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ Most soda contains several ⌈types 종류, 유형⌋ of ⌈acids 산, 신랄한⌋.
⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ / is a ⌈chemical 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ ⌈substance 물질, 본질⌋ / with a ⌈sour 악화시키다, 신⌋ ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋.
When added / to water, it produces a ⌈sharp 날카로운, 급격한⌋ ⌈flavor 맛, 향⌋.
⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ also ⌈delays 지연시키다, 연기하다⌋ the growth of ⌈bacteria 박테리아, 세균⌋, which ⌈extends 연장하다, 확장하다⌋ the ⌈expiration 만기, 만료⌋ date of a product.
However, ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ ⌈interferes 간섭하다, 방해하다⌋ / with the body's ability / to ⌈absorb 흡수하다, 열중하다⌋ ⌈calcium 칼슘⌋, / and / as a ⌈result 결국, 결과⌋, ⌈bone 뼈, 골격⌋ ⌈softening 완화시키다, 부드러워지다⌋ ⌈occurs 발생하다, 일어나다⌋.
Also, the ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ / in sodas interacts / with ⌈stomach 배, 위⌋ ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋, slowing ⌈digestion 소화, 소화력⌋ / and ⌈blocking 막다, 차단⌋ nutrient ⌈absorption 흡수, 몰두⌋.
Furthermore, it / can ⌈damage 피해, 손상⌋ tooth ⌈enamel 에나멜, 법랑⌋, the hard ⌈substance 물질, 본질⌋ / that ⌈protects 보호하다, 지키다⌋ your ⌈teeth 치아⌋.
If you drink sodas ⌈regularly 정기적으로, 규칙적으로⌋, your ⌈teeth 치아⌋ decay more ⌈easily 쉽게, 잘⌋.
Caffeine When you hear the word “caffeine,”
you most likely think of coffee.
But some sodas, especially colas / and carbonated ⌈energy 에너지, 힘⌋ drinks, also contain caffeine.
Caffeine makes you feel more ⌈awake 깨다, 잠에서 깨다⌋, but it / may bring / about an ⌈irregular 비정규의, 불규칙의⌋ heartbeat.
A ⌈single 하나의, 싱글⌋ / can of cola / may not ⌈affect 영향을 주다, 작용하다⌋ you much, but / if you ⌈consume 소비하다, 먹어치우다⌋ colas ⌈regularly 정기적으로, 규칙적으로⌋, they / can make you feel more ⌈nervous 긴장되는, 불안한⌋ / and keep you / from sleeping well / at night.
⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈colors 색, 색깔⌋ / and ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈flavors 맛, 향⌋ Soft drink companies ⌈attract 끌다, 유치하다⌋ ⌈consumers 소비자, 고객⌋ by adding ⌈bright 밝은, 긍정적인⌋ ⌈colors 색, 색깔⌋ / and ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋ ⌈flavors 맛, 향⌋ / to their products.
Most of these ⌈colors 색, 색깔⌋ / and ⌈flavors 맛, 향⌋, however, / are not ⌈natural 자연의, 당연한⌋.
They / are ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋.
For example, the ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈color 색, 색깔⌋ Yellow No.
6, used / in some pineapple juices, adds nothing / to the ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋.
It / is just there / to make the drink look pretty.
Also, the ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈flavor 맛, 향⌋ / that gives the drink its pineapple ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋ / is not real pineapple juice / at all.
Studies / have shown / that ⌈excessive 과도한, 지나친⌋ ⌈consumption 소비량, 소비⌋ of these kinds of ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ / can create problems / such as ⌈kidney 신장, 콩팥⌋ ⌈disease 질병, 병⌋ / and ADHD.
You / can see how the ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋, the ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋, the caffeine, / and the ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ / in sodas / are really not good for you.
Perhaps you / might now understand / that you / should stop drinking them.
However, / if quitting sodas ⌈altogether 전적으로, 모두 함께⌋ sounds too ⌈difficult 어려운, 힘든⌋, cut down ⌈gradually 점차적으로, 점진적으로⌋.
For example, ⌈replace 대체하다, 교체하다⌋ one ⌈regular 정규의, 정기의⌋ soft drink or one ⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ soda per day / with another more healthy drink.
Of course, the best ⌈choice 선택, 결정⌋ / would be water.
Water / has no calories, no ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋, no caffeine, / and no ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ of any kind.
And / if you want something / to add a boost of ⌈flavor 맛, 향⌋, put a ⌈slice 한 조각, 자르다⌋ of ⌈lemon 레몬, 불량품⌋ / in the water.
If you / can't ⌈break 깨다, 휴식⌋ your soda drinking habits / in a short period of time, / do be too hard / on yourself.
Once you start ⌈cutting 오려낸 것, 절단⌋ back, you / are heading / in the right ⌈direction 방향, 지시⌋.
RFCx: the Rainforest Savior Imagine you / are standing / in a rainforest.
You / are ⌈surrounded 둘러싸다, 주변⌋ by ⌈tall 키, 키가 큰⌋ trees, many of which / are more / than 40 meters ⌈tall 키, 키가 큰⌋.
You / are a hundred kilometers away / from the ⌈nearest 가장 가까운, 제일 가까운⌋ city.
What / do you hear?
Do you think it / is a ⌈quiet 조용히, 고요한⌋, peaceful place?
If so, you / are ⌈wrong 잘못된, 틀린⌋.
The rainforest / is actually a very ⌈noisy 시끄러운, 떠드는⌋ place.
Insects, birds, / and ⌈monkeys 원숭이⌋ / are ⌈responsible 책임이 있는, 담당의⌋ for much of this ⌈noise 소음, 소리⌋.
And sometimes there / is another sound, one / that ⌈/ does 암컷, Department Energy(에너지부)⌋ not ⌈belong 속하다, ~의 것이다⌋ / in the ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ / at all.
It / is the ⌈buzz 열광, 즐거운⌋ of a chainsaw.
Every year some 13 million hectares of rainforest, an area / about the size of England, ⌈disappears 사라지다, 없어지다⌋.
This loss ⌈destroys 파괴하다, 파멸시키다⌋ the habitats for millions of ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ / and / has a major effect / on the ⌈jungle 정글, 밀림⌋'s biodiversity.
Also, it ⌈increases 증가하다, 늘리다⌋ the ⌈amount 양, 되다⌋ of CO² / in the air.
Destruction of the rainforest / is caused by logging, farming, ⌈mining 채광, 광업⌋, / and other human activities.
Among these, logging / is the main ⌈reason 이유, 원인⌋ for ⌈nature 자연, 본성⌋'s loss.
Some 70 / to 80 percent of the logging / in the rainforests / is thought / to be ⌈illegal 불법적인, 법으로 금지된⌋.
To ⌈address 주소, 연설하다⌋ this problem, a young American ⌈engineer 기술자, 엔지니어⌋ / has ⌈invented 발명하다, 개발하다⌋ a simple ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ / that ⌈detects 발견하다, 탐지하다⌋ ⌈illegal 불법적인, 법으로 금지된⌋ logging the ⌈moment 순간, 지금⌋ it ⌈occurs 발생하다, 일어나다⌋.
It all started / in 2011, / when Topher White visited Indonesia / as a ⌈volunteer 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋.
One day, he / and some of the other ⌈volunteers 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ set out / from the ranger ⌈station 역, 정거장⌋ / on a walk / into a ⌈protected 보호하다, 지키다⌋ rainforest.
After walking only five minutes, his group ⌈came 캠, 캠을 달다⌋ upon people who / were ⌈cutting 오려낸 것, 절단⌋ down trees illegally.
The ⌈surprised 놀란⌋ loggers ⌈fled flee의 과거·과거 분사형⌋, but White / was ⌈shocked 충격, 놀라게 하다⌋.
Despite the fact / that they / were still ⌈fairly 꽤, 공정하게⌋ close / to the ranger ⌈station 역, 정거장⌋, it had been ⌈impossible 불가능한, ~할 수 없는⌋ / to hear anything / from back there.
It / is because the ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ / was so full of other sounds.
White started thinking / about ways / to help.
He knew / that even / in the ⌈jungle 정글, 밀림⌋, far / from the city, there / was good ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone service.
He thought / that perhaps ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone technology / could solve the problem.
After he ⌈returned 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ home / to the U.S., / in his father's ⌈garage 차고, 주차장⌋ he developed a small listening ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ using an old ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone.
He ⌈attached 덧붙여진, 첨부된⌋ a ⌈sensitive 민감한, 섬세한⌋ microphone / to the ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone / so that it / could ⌈detect 발견하다, 탐지하다⌋ chainsaw ⌈noise 소음, 소리⌋ / from up / to three kilometers away.
This ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ / would be placed high up / in a tree.
When it ⌈picked 집었다, 뽑혔다⌋ up the ⌈buzz 열광, 즐거운⌋ of a saw, it / would ⌈send 보내다, 전하다⌋ a ⌈message 메시지, 메모⌋ / to a ranger's ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone.
White knew / that he had / to ⌈protect 보호하다, 지키다⌋ the ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone / so that it / could ⌈survive 살아남다, 생존하다⌋ / in the hot / and ⌈wet 젖은, 습한⌋ rainforest ⌈environment 환경, 상황⌋.
His ⌈solution 해결책, 방안⌋ / was / to put the phone / in a ⌈plastic 플라스틱, 비닐의⌋ box.
Since there / was no ⌈electricity 전기, 전기학⌋ where the phone needed / to be placed, the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ had / to be able / to power itself.
White ⌈attached 덧붙여진, 첨부된⌋ ⌈solar 태양의, 태양 에너지⌋ ⌈panels 위원단, 패널⌋ / to the ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone.
He / was sure / that the ⌈panels 위원단, 패널⌋ / would work, even under the ⌈shade 그늘, 빗금친⌋ of the ⌈thick 두꺼운, 두께⌋ tree leaves.
White ⌈returned 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ / to Indonesia / to test the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋.
Surprisingly, / on only the second day after he installed the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋, it ⌈picked 집었다, 뽑혔다⌋ up chainsaw ⌈noises 소음, 소리⌋.
An ⌈alert 경계, 주의하다⌋ ⌈message 메시지, 메모⌋ / was immediately sent / to White / and the ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ rangers.
When they ⌈approached 접근하다, 접근법⌋ the logging ⌈spot 장소, 위⌋, the ⌈illegal 불법적인, 법으로 금지된⌋ loggers ran away.
White ⌈published 출판하다, 출간하다⌋ his story / on the Internet / and word quickly ⌈spread 퍼지다, 확산되다⌋.
People living / in other countries ⌈contacted 연락, 접촉⌋ White / and asked / if they / could use the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋.
Others, / from around the world, started ⌈sending 보내다, 전하다⌋ him their old ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phones so he / could build more ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋.
These ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋, called Rainforest Connection (RFCx), / are now being used / in the rainforests / in Africa / and South America.
One RFCx / can ⌈protect 보호하다, 지키다⌋ 300 hectares of ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋.
If a ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ of this size / is cut, 15,000 tons of CO² / are ⌈released 발표했다, 개봉된⌋ / into the air.
Preventing this ⌈amount 양, 되다⌋ of CO² / from being ⌈released 발표했다, 개봉된⌋ / has the same effect / as taking 3,000 cars off the road for a year.
These ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋ / are ⌈saving 구조하는, 절약하는⌋ rainforests / and providing new life for thousands of ⌈discarded 버린⌋ ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phones.
Thanks / to Topher White / and his RFCx ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋, the earth / is now a better place / to live.
< CULTURE > World' Major Rainforests ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ rainforests / are ⌈located ~에 위치한⌋ near the ⌈equator 적도⌋ / and / have a warm / and ⌈wet 젖은, 습한⌋ ⌈climate 기후, 날씨⌋.
They cover only 6 percent of the earth' surface but produce 40 percent of the world' ⌈oxygen 산소⌋.
Also, more / than half of all plant / and animal ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ ⌈inhabit 거주하다, 서식하다⌋ rainforests.
1.
Amazon Rainforest – the world' largest ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ rainforest – spanning across eight countries: Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana / and Suriname – habitat for millions of ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ ⌈including 포함해, 등⌋ 40,000 plant ⌈species 종, 종류⌋, 3,000 freshwater fish ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ / and more / than 370 ⌈types 종류, 유형⌋ of ⌈reptiles 파충류⌋ – home / to 350 ethnic groups 2.
Congo River Basin Rainforest – the world' second-largest ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ rainforest – spanning across six countries: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea / and Gabon – habitat for 10,000 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ plants, 400 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of mammals, 1,000 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of birds / and 700 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of fish – home / to 150 ethnic groups 3.
Rainforests of Southeast Asia – found / in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Laos / and Cambodia – habitat for 15,000 plant ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ / and hundreds of ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of animals – home / to a ⌈variety 다양, 여러종류⌋ of ethnic groups
How Volunteering Abroad Changed My Life by Susan Shain I / was / about / to board a plane, / and I / was ⌈scared 무서운, 겁먹은⌋.
Not because I / was ⌈afraid 두려운, ~인 것 같다⌋ of flying, but because I / was ⌈afraid 두려운, ~인 것 같다⌋ of what ⌈awaited 기다리고 있다, 기대하다⌋ me / at my ⌈destination 목적지, 목표⌋.
“I / could turn around now,”
I said / to myself.
“I / could just go back / to my part-time job / and / have a nice ⌈quiet 조용히, 고요한⌋ summer.”
The year / was 2005.
The plane's ⌈destination 목적지, 목표⌋?
Tanzania.
I'd never traveled anywhere so different before, / and I had no idea what / to ⌈expect 예상하다, 기대하다⌋.
That ⌈scared 무서운, 겁먹은⌋ me.
But I had never been one / to turn away / from ⌈adventure 모험, 어드벤처⌋, so / when the rest of my group started boarding, I / did, too.
Little / did I know / that the next six weeks / would change my life ⌈forever 영원히, 항상⌋.
What ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ / in Tanzania Was Like I traveled / to Tanzania / as part of a university ⌈program 프로그램, 계획⌋ the summer after my freshman year.
We ⌈spent 보냈다, 지출했다⌋ several weeks ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ / at a ⌈community 사회, 공동체⌋ center / and an orphanage.
Though we / did many other ⌈exciting 흥미진진한, 신나는⌋ things like going / on safari / and climbing Mt.
Kilimanjaro, it / was our ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ time / that stuck / with me.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ allowed me / to truly ⌈connect 연결하다, 이어지다⌋ / with the people / in Tanzania.
If I had not ⌈volunteered 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋, I / would never / have got an ⌈inside 내부, 안쪽⌋ look / at their way of life.
By ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋, I became part of the ⌈lives 살다, 삶⌋ of local families — ⌈sharing 서로 나누어 가지기⌋ meals, playing / with their kids, / and visiting their homes.
These experiences / were eye-opening, ⌈educational 교육의⌋, / and ⌈inspiring 고무하는, 감동시키는⌋: – eye-opening / to see how few ⌈possessions 소유, 재산⌋ they had, yet how much love / and personal ⌈strength 힘, 강점⌋ they had – ⌈educational 교육의⌋ / to experience their ⌈culture 문화, 문명⌋: I learned / to cook ugali, ⌈milk 우유, 모유⌋ a ⌈cow 소, 젖소⌋, / and ⌈wear 입다, 쓰다⌋ a kanga – ⌈inspiring 고무하는, 감동시키는⌋ / to ⌈witness 보다, 목격자⌋ their close family ⌈ties 관계, 연결짓다⌋ / and endless positivity ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ ⌈taught 가르쳤다, 배웠다⌋ me so much / about the world / and / about myself.
I ⌈grew 자랐다, 성장했다⌋ more / in those few weeks / than I / did my ⌈entire 전체의, 내내⌋ first year of college.
How ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ Changed Me These / are what ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ gave me: ⌈gratitude 감사, 고마움⌋ for what I / have When I ⌈returned 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ home, I ⌈literally 말그대로, 문자 그대로⌋ hugged my ⌈toilet 화장실, 화장의⌋, / and I cried during my first hot shower.
I / did / have these things / in Tanzania.
To this day, I sometimes say a ⌈silent 침묵의, 조용한⌋ “Thank you”
/ as I turn / on the ⌈tap 가볍게 두드리다, 수도꼭지⌋ / to get a drink of water.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ gave me deep ⌈gratitude 감사, 고마움⌋ for the ⌈comforts 위로, 편안함⌋ / and opportunities I used / to take for granted.
Appreciation for new ⌈cultures 문화, 문명⌋ The local people / are ⌈welcoming 환영하는, 우호적인⌋, ⌈strong 강한⌋, / and overwhelmingly ⌈positive 긍정적인⌋.
Their ⌈language 언어⌋, ⌈clothing 천, 옷감⌋, / and ⌈culture 문화, 문명⌋ / are ⌈beautiful 아름다운, 멋있는⌋.
Growing up / in ⌈rural 시골의, 농업의⌋ New York State, I had never before experienced people so different / from me.
During my time / in Tanzania, I learned / to appreciate those differences.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ ⌈taught 가르쳤다, 배웠다⌋ me the beauty of ⌈diversity 다양성, 상이⌋.
Hunger for ⌈exploration 탐사, 탐험⌋ Though I / was ⌈happy 행복한, 기쁜⌋ / to ⌈return 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ home, I / was ⌈confident 자신 있는, 확신하는⌋ it / would not be my last ⌈adventure 모험, 어드벤처⌋.
I knew I wanted / to ⌈continue 계속하다, 지속시키다⌋ exploring, meeting people / from different ⌈backgrounds 배경, 출신⌋, trying new foods, / and ⌈discovering 발견하다, 알다⌋ ⌈unique 독특한, 특별한⌋ ⌈landscapes 풍경, 지역⌋.
It ⌈made 화난, 미친⌋ me a travel addict.
Commitment / to helping people I / will be honest: Volunteering feels good.
Giving back / to others / and seeing the smiles / on their faces / is a feeling unmatched by anything else.
After experiencing this / in Tanzania, I decided / to help people wherever / and whenever I / could for them / and for myself.
It / is something I try / to do every day.
It / has now been 10 years / since I traveled / to Tanzania, / and these ⌈principles 원칙, 원리⌋ still ⌈guide 안내하다, 가이드⌋ me.
I graduated / from college / in 2008, / and ever / since, I / have been working / and traveling around the world.
I / have ⌈volunteered 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ everywhere / from Korea / to France / to Nicaragua / to North Carolina.
I practice ⌈gratitude 감사, 고마움⌋ ⌈daily 매일의, 일상적인⌋ / and / am always trying / to meet new people / and learn / about different ways of life.
Sometimes I wonder what my life / would be like / if I had not got / on / that plane / to East Africa.
Would I / have ever tasted ugali, danced / with the Masai, or ⌈bathed 목욕, 목욕물⌋ an elephant?
Would I be the person I / am today?
I / will never know the answers / to these questions.
But I / do know I / will be ⌈forever 영원히, 항상⌋ ⌈grateful 감사하는, 고마운⌋ I got / on / that plane.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ led me / to the life I / have today — which I / would change for anything.
< ADDITIONAL READING > The ⌈secret 비밀, 숨겨진⌋ / to ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ There / is a Chinese saying / that goes: “If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for an hour, take a ⌈nap 낮잠⌋ If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for a day, go fishing If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for a year, ⌈inherit 물려받다, 이어받다⌋ a ⌈fortune 재산, 행운⌋ If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for the rest of your life, help somebody”
For centuries, the greatest thinkers / have suggested the same thing: ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ / is found / in helping others And so we learn early: It / is better / to give / than / to ⌈receive 받다, 수상하다⌋ But / is there a deeper ⌈truth 진실, 사실⌋ behind this ⌈statement 발표, 말함⌋?
The answer / is yes Scientific research ⌈provides 제공하다, 공급하다⌋ ⌈convincing 설득력있는, 납득이 가는⌋ ⌈data 자료, 데이터⌋ / to support the ⌈evidence 증거, 근거⌋ / that giving / is a powerful ⌈path 길, 경로⌋ / to lasting ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ Researchers / have found / that the areas / in our ⌈brains 뇌, 두뇌⌋ / that feel pleasure become activated / when we give —meaning / that besides doing good, donating our money or time actually makes us feel good This feeling / is similar / to a “runner's high,”
a ⌈term 임기, 말하다⌋ created for / that feel-good ⌈sensation 센세이션, 감각⌋ / that ⌈rushes 서두르다, 급한⌋ through your body after a run They use the ⌈term 임기, 말하다⌋ “helper's high”
/ to ⌈describe 묘사하다, 설명하다⌋ what happens / to your body / and your ⌈brain 뇌, 두뇌⌋ / when you / are kind / to another person or give / to them / in some way Helping others / may just be the ⌈secret 비밀, 숨겨진⌋ / to living a life / that / is not only happier but also healthier, wealthier, more ⌈productive 생산적인, 건설적인⌋, / and meaningful.
< CULTURE > Volunteers around the World Mealshare Mealshare / is a non-profit ⌈organization 단체, 기구⌋ founded by two young men / from Canada / in 2013.
With “uy One, Give One”motto, Mealshare partners / with ⌈restaurants 식당, 레스토랑⌋, / and places its ⌈symbol 상징, 기호⌋ next / to a few ⌈menu 메뉴, 요리⌋ ⌈items 물품, 품목⌋.
When a ⌈customer 고객, 소비자⌋ orders a Mealshare ⌈item 물품, 품목⌋, the ⌈restaurant 식당, 레스토랑⌋ ⌈donates 기부하다, 기증하다⌋ $1 / to Mealshare.
With the ⌈⌈collected 수집하다, 모으다⌋ 침착한, 모은⌋ money, meals for people / in need / are served.
Teens for Jeans Started by a non-profit ⌈organization 단체, 기구⌋, it / is a ⌈campaign 선거 운동, 캠페인⌋ / in which teenagers / in the U.S. ⌈collect 수집하다, 모으다⌋ ⌈pairs 짝지어주다, 한 쌍⌋ of jeans / and give them / to local homeless youth.
Many schools / and teenagers / have donated over five million ⌈pairs 짝지어주다, 한 쌍⌋ of jeans / since the ⌈campaign 선거 운동, 캠페인⌋ started / in 2008.
COASTSWEEP It / is an ⌈international 국제적인, 인터내셔널⌋ ⌈clean 깨끗한, 청소하다⌋-up ⌈campaign 선거 운동, 캠페인⌋ ⌈organized 비품 등을 갖춘, 정리된⌋ / in the U.S. Volunteers ⌈gather 모이다, 수집하다⌋ for the ⌈clean 깨끗한, 청소하다⌋-up / and / are ⌈provided 제공된, 만약 ~이면⌋ / with ⌈cleaning 깨끗한, 청소하다⌋ ⌈tools 도구, 수단⌋ / such as ⌈plastic 플라스틱, 비닐의⌋ ⌈gloves 장갑, 글러브⌋ / and bags.
Volunteers record what they ⌈pick 고르다, 선택하다⌋ up / and the ⌈data 자료, 데이터⌋ / is used / to find out the ⌈sources 정보원, 원천⌋ of ⌈trash 쓰레기, 버리다⌋, / and / to study how / to ⌈reduce 줄이다, 감소시키다⌋ ⌈trash 쓰레기, 버리다⌋.
👍🏿VOCAB. 여러번 쓰면서 연습하세요!!!
abroad 외국에
absorb 흡수하다;열중하게
absorption 흡수
activat
addict 중독자
addition 추가;부가
address 다루다;처리하다
advent
adventure 모험
affect 영향을 미치다
aid 도움
alert
amount 금액;양
appearanc
appreciate 이해하다
approach 다가가다;접근하다
arrangement 배열;준비
artificial 인공의
practice 관행;연습
attach 붙이다
attach 붙이다;첨부하다
attract 마음을 끌다
await 기다리다
award 상주다
background 배경;경력
boost
chemical 화학의
client 고객;단골
comparison 비교
competition 경쟁;시합
competitive 경재의;경쟁적인
confide
confident 자신이 있는;자신만만한
consumption 소비
convenience 편리함
convinc 확신시키다
cooperate 협력하다
cooperation 협력
cooperative 협력적인
decay 쇠퇴하다;부패하다
degree 정도
delay 늦추다;연기하다
deliver 배달하다
destination 목적지
detect 탐지하다
diabet
differ
digest 소화하다
digestion 소화
direction 방향
disappear 사라지다
discard 버리다
disorder 무질서;이상
display 전시하다
diversity 다양성
donat
educational 교육적인
efficient 효율적인
elect 선출하다
electric 전기의
electricity 전기
embarrass 당황하게
embarrassed 당황한 당황하게
embarrassing 당혹스럽게 하는 당황하게
encounter (우연히) 만나다
entire 전체의
equator 적도
establish 확립하다;설치하다
ethnic 민족의;인종의
evidence 증거
exceed 능가하다
excess 초과;과잉
excessive 지나친
exist 존재하다
expir
expiration
explor 탐구하다
exploration 탐험
extend 확대하다
fair 공정한;상당한
fairly 매우
financial 재정의;금융의
fit 감정폭발;적당한
flow 흐르다;넘쳐흐르다
fort 요새
foster 육성하다;기르다
frighten 깜짝놀라게 하다;무섭게
gene 유전자
generate 생성하다
gradual 단계적인;점차적인
gradually 점차적으로
graduate
graduated
grain 곡물
grant 주다
grateful 고마워하는;감사의
habitat 서식지;거주지
headache 두통
heal 치료하다
highway 고속도로
hung
hunger 굶주림;배고픔
illegal 불법의
immediate 즉각적인
inaccurate 부정확한
including (전치사)포함하여
ingredient 재료요소
inhabit 거주하다;살다
inherit 물려받다
inspir 영감을주다
inspiration 영감
intake 섭취
interact 상호작용하다
interfere
international 국제적인
literal 글자대로의
matter 문제;중요하다
meaningful 의미있는
means 수단
mislead 오도하다
mode 방식
modernize 현대화하다
moment 순간
movement 움직임;운동
nutrient 영양물;영양제
obesity 비만
occup
occupy 점유하다;점령하다
occur 발생하다
organ 오르간;장기
organiz 정리하다
organized 정리하다
origin 기원;유래
orphan 고아
overwhelm 압도하다
pack 짐을 싸다
pat 쓰다듬다;애무하다
plea
plenty
possess 소유하다 소유하다
possession 소유;소유물
predator
prevail
priest 성직자
principle 원리
process 처리
productive 생산적인;비옥한
protect 보호하다
provided 제공하다
publish 출판하다;발표하다
quest 탐구
rainforest 열대우림
range 범위;영역
reality 현실
recipe
recognize 인식하다
recommend 추천하다
reference 언급;참조
refresh
regard 간주하다
register 등록시키다;등록하다
regular
regularly 규칙적으로
release ~을 배출하다;~을 석방하다
remedy
remind
reptile
require 요구하다;필요로
responsible 책임감 있는
responsive 반응하는
scare 놀라게하다;놀라다
selfish 이기적인
sensation 감각
sensitive 민감한
shade 그늘;응달
sharp 명백한
shock 충격을 주다
silent 조용한;침묵의
slic
soften
solar
source 원천;근원
statement 진술
straight
stuck 꼼짝못하는
substance 물질
sum
surf 검색하다
surround 둘러싸다
survive 살아남다
tie 매다;묶다
tropical 열대의
trust 신뢰;신용
typical 전형적인
universal 우주의;전세계의
variation 변화
variety 다양성
weigh 무게가 나가다
2018 All Rights Reserved. Written by Wayne
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GUIDE: 영어공부 설명서1. 문장을 ⌈주어(S) / 동사(V) / X(목적어;보어) / 설명⌋으로 나누세요. 2. 영단어 뒤에 적절한 조사를 붙이세요. ex. (S=은;는;이;가 // O=~를;~에게 // 관계사절=~하는) 3. 직독직해 후에 문장전체를 다시 읽어보면서 의미를 확인. 4. S 잘 찾기 Tip! - 처음으로 나오는 명사 - 동사 앞의 명사 - The/ A/ An/ One's 뒤에 오는 명사 - 명사/ 대명사/ 동명사(Ving X)/ 투부정사(To V X)/ 접속사절(접+SVX) 5. V 쉽게 찾기 Tip! - 조동사를 찾으면 동사가 나온다. (can, do, must, should, will..) - V 뒤에는 es/ s/ ed 등이 잘 붙는다. - not뒤에 동사가 온다. - RV/ be Ving/ be Ved(pp)/ be being pp/ have been Ving/ have been pp 6. X에 대하여.. X는 수식어, 보어, 목적어 등을 칭하는 이야기하는 말로 V에 따라 스타일이 달라진다. 1V ⇢ ad/ 전N/ 없음 2V ⇢ N/ adj/ Ving/ pp 3V ⇢ N/ 대/ Ving X/ To V X/ 접SVX 4V ⇢ N N/ N 접SVX 5V ⇢ N N/ N adj/ N To V X/ N RV X/ N Ving X/ N pp ***하지만 위의 원칙을 암기하기 보다는 개개의 단어들의 정확한 쓰임을 익히는 것이 진정한 영어학습을 위해 도움이 된다고 할 수 있다. ex) happen ad occur ad be adj want to v x remember to v x/ ving x regret to v x/ ving x suggest that s v x tell N that s v x call N N make N a/ N RV x/ N pp/ it a to v x consider N a/ it a to v x hear N RV x/ N ving x/ N pp 7. 접속사? - 종속접속사: 명사절/ 형용사절(관계사절)/ 부사절 - 등위접속사: F.A.N. B.O.Y.S. - 상관접속사: Both~ Either~ Neither~ Not only~ Not~ As well as~ |
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맛있는 표현들 당신은 음식과 관련된 영어 표현을 생각해 낼 수 있습니까? 그것은 식은 죽 먹기죠! 음식과 관련된 표현들은 우리 주위에 있습니다. 우리는 아침 식사하는 식탁에서도 그것들을 발견할 수 있습니다. 예를 들어, 인기 있는 서양의 아침 식사 음식인 에그 베네딕트를 한번 보세요. 이것은 달걀, 빵, 캐나다 베이컨, 소금, 그리고 때때로 치즈로 만들어 집니다. 이 재료들이 각각 스토리가 있는 영어 표현을 가지고 있다는 것을 알고 있었나요? 더 알아 봅시다!
[Yummy Expressions] What is Eggs Benedict made with? Can you think of any English expressions about food? It' s a piece of cake! Food expressions are all around us. We can even find them on the breakfast table. Take a look, for example, at the popular Western breakfast dish, Eggs Benedict. It is made with eggs, bread, Canadian bacon, salt, and sometimes cheese. Did you know that each of these ingredients has its own English expression with a story behind it? Let's find out more!
[Yummy ⌈expressions 표현, 표현법⌋] What / is Eggs Benedict ⌈made 화난, 미친⌋ / with?
Can you think of any English ⌈expressions 표현, 표현법⌋ / about food?
It' s a piece of ⌈cake 케이크, 몫⌋!
Food ⌈expressions 표현, 표현법⌋ / are all around us.
We / can even find them / on the ⌈breakfast 아침, 아침식사⌋ table.
Take a look, for example, / at the ⌈popular 인기 있는, 유명한⌋ Western ⌈breakfast 아침, 아침식사⌋ ⌈dish 음식, 요리⌋, Eggs Benedict.
It / is ⌈made 화난, 미친⌋ / with eggs, ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋, Canadian ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋, ⌈salt 소금⌋, / and sometimes cheese.
Did you know / that each of these ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋ / has its own English ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ / with a story behind it?
Let's find out more!
| #1-2 |
그녀는 얼굴에 달걀이 묻었다. 의미: 그녀는 매우 수치스러웠다. 표현의 유래가 되는 이야기: 오래 전에, 일부 관중들은 연극 공연에 지나치게 반응했습니다. 그들은 공연이 마음에 들지 않으면, 공연자에게 물건을 던졌는데, 가끔은 달걀도 던졌습니다! 말할 필요도 없이, 얼굴에 달걀이 묻은 것은 매우 수치스러운 일이었습니다. 모습이 우스꽝스러워 보였을 뿐 만 아니라, 그것은 공연자가 형편없는 공연을 했다는 것을 의미했습니다. 오늘날, 우리는 더 이상 무대 위의 사람들에게 달걀을 던지지는 않지만, 우리는 여전히'egg on one' s face'라는 표현을 사용 해서 수치스러운 상황이라는 뜻을 나타냅니다.
She had egg on her face. Meaning: She was very embarrassed. Story Behind It : Long ago, some crowds were overly responsive to theatrical performances. When they did not like the performance, they threw things at the performer, sometimes even eggs! Needless to say, having egg on the face was very embarrassing. Not only did the appearance look funny, but it also meant that the performer had given a poor performance. Today, we no longer throw eggs at people on stage, but we still use the expression egg on one' s face to mean an embarrassing situation.
She had egg / on her face.
Meaning: She / was very ⌈embarrassed 당황한, 부끄러운⌋.
Story Behind It : Long ago, some ⌈crowds 군중, 붐비다⌋ / were overly ⌈responsive 민감한, 반응하는⌋ / to ⌈theatrical 연극의, 극장의⌋ ⌈performances 공연, 실적⌋.
When they / did not like the ⌈performance 공연, 실적⌋, they ⌈threw 던졌다, 시구를 했다⌋ things / at the performer, sometimes even eggs!
Needless / to say, having egg / on the face / was very ⌈embarrassing 당황스러운, 부끄러운⌋.
Not only / did the ⌈appearance 외모, 출연⌋ look ⌈funny 재미있는, 웃기는⌋, but it also meant / that the performer had given a poor ⌈performance 공연, 실적⌋.
Today, we no longer throw eggs / at people / on ⌈stage 무대, 단계⌋, but we still use the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ egg / on one' s face / to mean an ⌈embarrassing 당황스러운, 부끄러운⌋ situation.
| #1-3 |
무인 자동차는 자른 빵 이후로 가장 위대한 것이다. 의미: 무인 자동차는 훌륭한 발명품이다. 표현의 유래가 되는 이야기: 인류는 30,000년 이상 빵을 먹고 있지만, 빵은 산업혁명 때까지는 대량 생산되지 않았습니다. 산업혁명이 공장에서 생산된 빵이 식탁에 오르게 되는 편리함을 가져다 준 이후에도, 사람들은 여전히 빵을 손으로 잘라야 했습니다. Iowa 출신인 Otto Frederick Rohwedder는 최초로 빵 자르는 기계를 발명했고 그것을 1928 년에 사용하기 시작했습니다. 여러 제빵 회사들이 그의 기계를 사용했고 자른 빵을' 제빵 산업에서 빵이 포장된 이래로 가장 위대한 진보'라고 광고했습니다. 거기서부터,' the greatest thing since sliced bread'라는 표현은 훌륭한 발명품을 가리키는 말로 만들어졌습니다.
The driverless car is the greatest thing since sliced bread. Meaning: The driverless car is a wonderful invention. Story Behind It : Although bread has fed mankind for over 30,000 years, it was not mass-produced until the Industrial Revolution. Even after the Industrial Revolution brought the convenience of factory-produced bread to the dining table, people still had to cut it by hand. Otto Frederick Rohwedder from Iowa invented the first bread slicing machine and put it into service in 1928. Several bread companies used his machine and advertised sliced bread as “ the greatest forward step in the baking industry since bread was wrapped.” From there, the expression the greatest thing since sliced bread was coined to refer to a wonderful invention.
The driverless car / is the greatest thing / since sliced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋.
Meaning: The driverless car / is a wonderful ⌈invention 발명품, 발명⌋.
Story Behind It : Although ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / has fed ⌈mankind 인류, 인간⌋ for over 30,000 years, it / was not ⌈mass 대량의, 미사⌋-produced until the Industrial Revolution.
Even after the Industrial Revolution brought the ⌈convenience 편리, 편의⌋ of factory-produced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / to the ⌈dining 식사하기, 식사⌋ table, people still had / to cut it by hand.
Otto Frederick Rohwedder / from Iowa ⌈invented 발명하다, 개발하다⌋ the first ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ slicing machine / and put it / into service / in 1928.
Several ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ companies used his machine / and advertised sliced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / as “ the greatest ⌈forward 앞으로, 발전한⌋ step / in the baking ⌈industry 산업, 업계⌋ / since ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / was ⌈wrapped 매우 기뻐하는, 열중하는⌋.”
From there, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ the greatest thing / since sliced ⌈bread 빵, 생계⌋ / was ⌈coined 동전, 만들어내다⌋ / to refer / to a wonderful ⌈invention 발명품, 발명⌋.
| #1-4 |
여러분의 집에서는 누가 베이컨을 가져오나요? 의미: 여러분의 가정을 누가 경제적으로 지원하고 있나요? 표현의 유래가 되는 이야기: 1100 년대에 영국에 한 부부가 살고 있었습니다. 그 부부는 서로를 매우 사랑하여 한 신부가 그들에게 상으로 베이컨을 주었습니다. 그때부터, 1 년하고도 하루 동안 서로 싸우지 않은 부부에게도 또한 베이컨이 수여되었 습니다. 그 당시에 베이컨은 매우 비쌌기 때문에,'to bring home the bacon'이라는 표현은 가족을 위해 돈을 번다는 의미를 가지게 되었습니다.
Who brings home the bacon in your house? Meaning: Who supports your family financially? Story Behind It : There was a couple living in England in the 1100s. The couple loved each other so much that a priest awarded them some bacon. From then on, any couple who did not argue with each other for a year and a day was also awarded bacon. Since bacon was very expensive at that time, the expression to bring home the bacon took on the meaning of making money for the family.
Who brings home the ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋ / in your house?
Meaning: Who supports your family financially?
Story Behind It : There / was a ⌈couple 부부, 커플⌋ living / in England / in the 1100s.
The ⌈couple 부부, 커플⌋ loved each other so much / that a ⌈priest 신부, 사제⌋ ⌈awarded 상, 수여하다⌋ them some ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋.
From then / on, any ⌈couple 부부, 커플⌋ who / did not ⌈argue 주장하다, 논쟁하다⌋ / with each other for a year / and a day / was also ⌈awarded 상, 수여하다⌋ ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋.
Since ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋ / was very ⌈expensive 비싼, 돈이 많이 드는⌋ / at / that time, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ / to bring home the ⌈bacon 베이컨⌋ took / on the meaning of making money for the family.
| #1-5 |
그녀의 아버지는 이 회사의 큰 치즈이다. 의미: 그녀의 아버지는 이 회사에서 매우 중요한 사람이다. 표현의 유래가 되는 이야기:' the big cheese'라는 표현은 아마도 20 세기 초반에 미국에서 왔을 가능성이 높습니다. 그 당시에는, 얼마 동안 대규 모의 공공 행사에서 큰 치즈 덩어리를 전시하는 것이 일반적인 관습이었습니다. 이것은 나중에 매우 중요한 인물에 의해 의식 절차로 잘려졌습니 다. 예를 들어, 1911 년에, 미국의 대통령 William Howard Taft 는 시카고에서의 행사에서 큰 치즈 덩어리를 잘랐습니다. 점차, 'the big cheese'라는 표현은 권력이 있거나 중요한 인물이라는 의미를 지니게 되었습니다. 20 세기 초반에 미국에서는
Her father is the big cheese in this company. Meaning: Her father is a very important person in this company. Story Behind It: The expression the big cheese most likely came from the U.S. in the early 20 th century. Back then, it was common practice to display a big wheel of cheese at a large public event for some time. It would then be *ceremonially cut up at a later date by a very important person. For example, in 1911, U.S. President William Howard Taft cut up a big cheese wheel at an event in Chicago. Gradually, the expression the big cheese took on the meaning of a person of great power or importance.
Her father / is the big cheese / in this company.
Meaning: Her father / is a very important person / in this company.
Story Behind It: The ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ the big cheese most likely ⌈came 캠, 캠을 달다⌋ / from the U.S. / in the early 20 th century.
Back then, it / was common practice / to ⌈display (작품을) 전시하다, 보여주다⌋ a big wheel of cheese / at a large ⌈public 대중, 국민⌋ event for some time.
It / would then be *ceremonially cut up / at a later date by a very important person.
For example, / in 1911, U.S. President William Howard Taft cut up a big cheese wheel / at an event / in Chicago.
Gradually, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ the big cheese took / on the meaning of a person of great power or ⌈importance 중요성, 중대함⌋.
| #1-6 |
그녀가 말하는 것을 소금을 조금 쳐서 들어라. 의미: 그녀가 말하는 모든 것을 믿지는 마라. 표현의 유래가 되는 이야기: 아주 오래 전에, 적 에게 독살되는 것을 두려워하는 왕이 살았습니다. 그래서, 그는 독에 대비한 치료약의 레시피를 만들었습니다. 그의 레시피는 72 개의 재료를 포함 하고 있었는데, 나무의 잎들과 견과류들도 들어 있었습니다. 레시피의 마지막 줄에, 그는' with a grain of salt'라는 말을 썼습니다. 약간의 소금은 독살에 대비하는 결정적인 재료였기 때문에 이 마지막 줄은 매우 유명해졌습니다. 나중에' take something with a grain of salt'라는 표현은 약간의 의심은 부정확하거나 현혹시키는 정보에 중독되는 것으로부터 지켜주도록 도와준다는 뜻을 가지게 되었습니다.
Take what she says with a grain of salt. Meaning: Don' t believe everything she says. Story Behind It: Long, long ago, there lived a king who feared being poisoned by his enemies. So, he created a recipe for a remedy against poison. His recipe contained seventy-two ingredients, including leaves of trees and nuts. In the last line of his recipe, he wrote with a grain of salt. This line became very famous since the grain of salt was the deciding ingredient in protecting against being poisoned. Later, the expression take something with a grain of salt came to have the meaning that a little bit of doubt can help protect against being poisoned by inaccurate or misleading information.
Take what she says / with a ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋.
Meaning: Don' t believe everything she says.
Story Behind It: Long, long ago, there lived a king who ⌈feared 두려움, 우려⌋ being ⌈poisoned 중독되다, 독⌋ by his enemies.
So, he created a ⌈recipe 요리법, 레시피⌋ for a ⌈remedy 치료하다, 구제하다⌋ against ⌈poison 중독되다, 독⌋.
His ⌈recipe 요리법, 레시피⌋ contained ⌈seventy 70⌋-two ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋, ⌈including 포함해, 등⌋ leaves of trees / and ⌈nuts 미친, 최고의것⌋.
In the last line of his ⌈recipe 요리법, 레시피⌋, he wrote / with a ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋.
This line became very ⌈famous 유명한, 잘 알려진⌋ / since the ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋ / was the deciding ⌈ingredient 재료, 성분⌋ / in ⌈protecting 보호하다, 지키다⌋ against being ⌈poisoned 중독되다, 독⌋.
Later, the ⌈expression 표현, 표현법⌋ take something / with a ⌈grain 곡물, 곡식⌋ of ⌈salt 소금⌋ ⌈came 캠, 캠을 달다⌋ / to have the meaning / that a little ⌈bit 조금, 약간⌋ of ⌈doubt 의심하다, 의혹⌋ / can help ⌈protect 보호하다, 지키다⌋ against being ⌈poisoned 중독되다, 독⌋ by ⌈inaccurate 정확하지 않은, 확실하지 않은⌋ or ⌈misleading 허위의, 오해하게 하는⌋ ⌈information 정보, 자료⌋.
| #2-1 |
동물 왕국에서의 협동 보편적으로 Darwin의'적자생존'은 삶이라는 경기에서 단순한 사실로 여겨진다. 성공적인 행위는 때때로 어느 정도의 이기 심을 요구한다. 그러나 동물의 왕국 전체에서 이기심은 동물의 삶에서 단지 매우 작은 부분일 뿐이다. 종종 동물들은 더 큰 이익을 위해서 서로 돕고 함께 일한다. 협동은 동물 왕국의 모든 면에서 널리 퍼져 있다. 다음 세 개의 예시에서 동물 들이 서로 돕기 위해 어떻게 협력하는지를 보는 것은 매우 고무적인 일이다.
Cooperation in the Animal Kingdom Darwin's “survival of the fittest”is universally regarded as a simple reality in the game of life. Successful play sometimes requires a degree of selfishness. However, across the animal kingdom, selfishness is only a very small part of an animal's life. Often, animals help each other and work together for the greater good. Cooperation prevails at every level of the animal kingdom. In the following three examples, it is inspiring to see how animals cooperate to help each other.
Cooperation / in the Animal Kingdom Darwin's “survival of the fittest”/ is ⌈universally 도처에, 널리⌋ ⌈regarded 관련되다, 간주하다⌋ / as a simple ⌈reality 현실, 리얼리티⌋ / in the game of life.
Successful play sometimes ⌈requires 필요하다, 요구하다⌋ a ⌈degree 도, 학위⌋ of ⌈selfishness 이기주의, 이기심⌋.
However, across the animal kingdom, ⌈selfishness 이기주의, 이기심⌋ / is only a very small part of an animal's life.
Often, animals help each other / and work together for the greater good.
Cooperation ⌈prevails 만연하다, 이기다⌋ / at every level of the animal kingdom.
In the following three examples, it / is ⌈inspiring 고무하는, 감동시키는⌋ / to see how animals ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / to help each other.
| #2-2 |
개미 당신은 개미들이 집 안팎으로 행진하는 모습을 본 적이 있는가? 만약 그렇다면, 그 광경은 당신에게 자동차들로 가득한 고속도로를 떠오르게 했을지 모른다. 그러나 이러한 비유는 적절하지 못하다. 개미들은 아무리 빨리 움직이거나, 아무리 많은 수가 길을 차지하고 있더라도 결코 교통 혼잡에 빠지지 않는다. 이것은 그들의 움직임이 협동에 근거하고 있기 때문 이다. 한 방향으로 움직이는 개미 몇 마리가 있을 때, 일부는 천천히 움직이고, 일부는 빨리, 그리고 또 다른 일부는 더 빨리 움직인다. 그러나 그들의 수가 증가할 때 개미들은 모두들 동일한 속도로 움직이기 위해 서로 의사소통한다. 느린 개미 들은 속도를 올리고, 반면 빠른 개미들과 더 빨리 움직이던 개미들은 속도를 늦춘다. 먹이를 구하기 위해 집을 떠나는 개미들이 등에 먹이를 지고 돌아오는 개미들과 우연히 마주치는 때가 있다. 이런 일이 발생할 때는 들어오는 개미들, 다시 말해 짐을 지고 있는 개미들이 항상 우선 통행권을 갖는다. 밖으로 나가는 개미들이 방향을 바꿔 길을 비켜주고, 집으로 들어가는 개미들은 계속해서 직전을 한다. 집으로 들어오는 개미들이 무거운 짐들 때문에 방향을 바꾸기가 더 어렵기 때문에 이러한 합의는 이치에 맞는 것이다. 이러한 규칙을 따르고, 이 방식으로 협동하면서 개미들은 교통흐름을 개선하고, 둥지로 먹이를 옮기는 일을 더욱 효율적으로 만든다.
ANTS Have you ever observed ants marching in and out of their nest? If so, it may have reminded you of a highway packed with cars. But this comparison is not appropriate. Ants never get into a traffic jam, no matter how fast they move or how many of them occupy the road. This is because their movements are based on cooperation. When there are a few ants moving in a single direction, some ants are likely to move slowly, some fast, and others even faster. As their number increases, however, they communicate with each other so that they all move at the same speed. The slow speed up while the fast and the superfast slow down. There are times when ants leaving the nest for food encounter other ants coming back with food on their backs. When this happens, the inbound ants, the ones carrying a burden, always have the right of way. Outbound ants turn to get out of the way, while inbound ants continue in a straight line. This arrangement makes sense because it is more difficult for inbound ants to change direction due to their heavy loads. Following these rules and cooperating in this way, ants improve the traffic flow and make the delivery of food to the nest more efficient.
ANTS Have you ever observed ants marching / in / and out of their nest?
If so, it / may have ⌈reminded 상기시키다, 생각나게 하다⌋ you of a ⌈highway 고속도로, 간선도로⌋ ⌈packed 싸다, 꽉 들어찬⌋ / with cars.
But this ⌈comparison 비교, ~에 비해⌋ / is not appropriate.
Ants never get / into a ⌈traffic 교통, 차⌋ ⌈jam 잼, 막히는⌋, no ⌈matter 문제, 중요하다⌋ how fast they move or how many of them ⌈occupy 점령하다, 차지하다⌋ the road.
This / is because their ⌈movements 운동, 움직임⌋ / are based / on ⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋.
When there / are a few ants ⌈moving 움직이는, 감동시키는⌋ / in a ⌈single 하나의, 싱글⌋ ⌈direction 방향, 지시⌋, some ants / are likely / to move slowly, some fast, / and others even faster.
As their number ⌈increases 증가하다, 늘리다⌋, however, they ⌈communicate 의사소통하다, 대화하다⌋ / with each other / so that they all move / at the same ⌈speed 속도, 스피드⌋.
The slow ⌈speed 속도, 스피드⌋ up / while the fast / and the superfast slow down.
There / are times / when ants ⌈leaving 떠나는, 두는⌋ the nest for food ⌈encounter 만나다, 마주치다⌋ other ants coming back / with food / on their backs.
When this happens, the inbound ants, the ones carrying a ⌈burden 부담, 부담감⌋, always / have the right of way.
Outbound ants turn / to get out of the way, / while inbound ants ⌈continue 계속하다, 지속시키다⌋ / in a ⌈straight 연속한, 똑바로⌋ line.
This ⌈arrangement 준비, 배열⌋ makes sense because it / is more ⌈difficult 어려운, 힘든⌋ for inbound ants / to change ⌈direction 방향, 지시⌋ due / to their ⌈heavy 무거운, 강력한⌋ ⌈loads 싣다, 짐⌋.
Following these ⌈rules 규칙, 규정⌋ / and cooperating / in this way, ants ⌈improve 개선하다, 향상하다⌋ the ⌈traffic 교통, 차⌋ ⌈flow 흐르다, 흐름⌋ / and make the ⌈delivery 배달, 배송⌋ of food / to the nest more ⌈efficient 효율적인, 효과적⌋.
| #2-3 |
물고기 또한 물고기들도 협력을 한다. 모든 사람들이 알다시피 큰 물고기들은 작은 물고기를 먹는다. 그러나 때로는 작은 물고기 들이 큰 물고기를 돕고, 그래서 큰 물고기들은 작은 물고기를 먹지 않는다. 과학자들이'청소부들'이라고 부르는 작은 물고 기들은'고객들'이라고 불리는 큰 물고기들의 입으로 들어간다. 청소부들은 고객들의 입속의 기생충을 먹는다. 청소부들이 자신의 일을 마치고 난 후 고객들은 이들을 삼키는 대신 나가도록 내버려둔다. 청소부들은 먹이를 먹고, 고객들은 더 건강 한 입을 갖게 되는 것이다. 때로는 청소부 물고기들이 고객 물고기 입의 벽을 씹는다. 비록 이것이 고통을 유발할지 모르지만, 큰 물고기들은 두 가지 이유로 작은 물고기들을 먹지 않는다. 첫째, 청소부들이 너무 작아서 그들의 배고픔을 충족시켜줄 수 없다. 둘째, 좋은 청소부 물고기를 찾기가 어렵다. 일단 청소부와 고객 물고기가 신뢰를 형성하고 나면, 고객들은 청소부들과 협력하면서 그들을 주위에 두기를 원한다.
FISH Fish also cooperate. As everyone knows, big fish often eat little fish. Sometimes, however, little fish help the big fish, so the big fish do not eat the little fish. Tiny fish, which scientists refer to as “cleaners,” swim into the mouths of bigger fish, which are referred to as “clients.” The cleaners eat parasites in the clients' mouths. After the cleaners do their job, the clients let them go, instead of swallowing them. The cleaners get a meal, and the clients get a healthier mouth. Sometimes the cleaner fish chew on the wall of the client fish's mouth. Although this may cause pain, the big fish still do not eat the little ones for two reasons. First, the cleaners are too small to satisfy their hunger. Second, it is hard to find good cleaners. Once the cleaners and the clients establish trust, the clients want to cooperate with the cleaners and keep them around.
FISH Fish also ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋.
As everyone knows, big fish often eat little fish.
Sometimes, however, little fish help the big fish, so the big fish / do not eat the little fish.
Tiny fish, which scientists refer / to as “⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋,”
swim / into the ⌈mouths 입, 말⌋ of bigger fish, which / are referred / to as “⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋.”
The ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ eat ⌈parasites 기생충, 식객⌋ / in the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋' ⌈mouths 입, 말⌋.
After the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / do their job, the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ let them go, instead of swallowing them.
The ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ get a meal, / and the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ get a healthier ⌈mouth 입, 말⌋.
Sometimes the ⌈cleaner 세탁소, 청소기⌋ fish ⌈chew ~을 씹다, 씹어서 으깨다⌋ / on the wall of the ⌈client 고객, 의뢰인⌋ fish's ⌈mouth 입, 말⌋.
Although this / may cause ⌈pain 고통, 통증⌋, the big fish still / do not eat the little ones for two ⌈reasons 이유, 원인⌋.
First, the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / are too small / to ⌈satisfy 만족시키다, 충족시키다⌋ their ⌈hunger 기아, 갈망⌋.
Second, it / is hard / to find good ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋.
Once the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / and the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ ⌈establish 설립하다, 세우다⌋ ⌈trust 신뢰, 믿음⌋, the ⌈clients 고객, 의뢰인⌋ want / to ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / with the ⌈cleaners 세탁소, 청소기⌋ / and keep them around.
| #2-4 |
새 알락딱새는 위험한 상황에서 협동하는 작은 새이다. 포식자가 알락딱새 영역에 들어올 때, 이 새는 도움을 요청하는 큰 소 리를 낸다. 다른 새들은 그 울음소리를 듣고 도와주러 온다. 점점 더 많은 새들이 무리에 합류함에 따라 포식자는 겁을 먹 고 달아난다. 알락딱새들은 그 새가 과거에 다른 새들을 도와준 적이 있는 경우에만 위험에 처한 새를 돕는다는 점에 주 목하는 것이 중요하다. 그들은 이전에 다른 새들을 돕기를 거절한 새의 부름에는 답하지 않는다. More Info. 박쥐들이 살아남기 위해 어떻게 협력하는지 알고 있나요? 한 박쥐 종류는 먹이 공유 체계를 가지고 있다. 박쥐들은 먹이 없이 이틀이 지나면 죽는다. 그들의 유일한 식량인 피를 사 냥하는 것이 쉽지 않기 때문에 어린 박쥐들은 3일 중 1일은 먹이를 찾지 못한다. 그러나 피를 발견한 박쥐들이 그러지 못 한 박쥐들과 피를 나누기 때문에 박쥐들이 굶는 일은 드물다.
BIRDS Pied flycatchers* are small birds that cooperate in dangerous situations. When a predator enters a flycatcher's area, the flycatcher makes a loud sound for help. Other flycatchers hear the call, and they come to help. As more and more birds join the group, the predator becomes frightened and runs away. It is important to note that flycatchers go to the aid of another bird in danger only if that bird has helped other birds in the past. They do not answer the calls of birds that have refused to help others before. More Info. Do you know how bats cooperate to survive? One kind of bat has a system of food sharing. Bats die if they go two nights without food. As hunting for blood—heir only food—s not easy, younger bats fail to find food one night out of three. But hunger is rare because bats that find blood share it with bats that don't.
BIRDS Pied flycatchers* / are small birds / that ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / in ⌈dangerous 위험한⌋ situations.
When a predator ⌈enters 들어가다, 입장하다⌋ a flycatcher's area, the flycatcher makes a ⌈loud 큰 소리로, 큰⌋ sound for help.
Other flycatchers hear the call, / and they come / to help.
As more / and more birds ⌈join 참여하다, 가입하다⌋ the group, the predator becomes ⌈frightened 깜짝 놀란, 두려움을 느끼는⌋ / and runs away.
It / is important / to ⌈note 지적하다, 메모⌋ / that flycatchers go / to the ⌈aid 지원, 원조⌋ of another bird / in ⌈danger 위험, 위기⌋ only / if / that bird / has helped other birds / in the past.
They / do not answer the calls of birds / that / have refused / to help others before.
More Info.
Do you know how ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / to ⌈survive 살아남다, 생존하다⌋?
One kind of ⌈bat 박쥐, 배트⌋ / has a ⌈system 시스템, 제도⌋ of food ⌈sharing 서로 나누어 가지기⌋.
⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ ⌈die 죽다, 사망하다⌋ / if they go two nights / without food.
As ⌈hunting 사냥, 수렵⌋ for ⌈blood 피, 혈액⌋—heir only food—s not easy, younger ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ ⌈fail 실패, 실패하다⌋ / to find food one night out of three.
But ⌈hunger 기아, 갈망⌋ / is ⌈rare 드문, 희귀한⌋ because ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ / that find ⌈blood 피, 혈액⌋ ⌈share 공유하다, 나누다⌋ it / with ⌈bats 박쥐, 배트⌋ / that / do.
| #2-5 |
협동은 최초의 단세포 생물과 함께 시작된 과정이다. 생명체들은 30억년 전 이상이나 되는 시작 시점부터 협동하는 법을 배움으로써 행성을 차지했다. 우리 인간들도 버스 정류장에서 줄을 서는 것에서 부터 웹사이트상에서 지식을 공유하는 것 에 이르기까지 많은 방식으로 협동을 한다. 그러나 때로는 인간 협력이 깨지기도 한다. 인간 사이의 협력적 성공을 증진시 키기 위해서 우리는 영감을 얻기 위해 자연에 기대야 할지도 모른다.
Cooperation is a process that started with the first single-celled creatures. Living things, from their beginnings more than three billion years ago, took over the planet by learning to cooperate. We human beings cooperate in plenty of ways, from lining up at a bus stop to sharing knowledge on a website. Sometimes, however, human cooperation can break down. To foster cooperative success among humans, we should perhaps look to nature for inspiration.
⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋ / is a ⌈process 과정, 절차⌋ / that started / with the first ⌈single 하나의, 싱글⌋-celled ⌈creatures 생물, 생명체⌋.
Living things, / from their beginnings more / than three ⌈billion 10억, 막대한 수⌋ years ago, took over the ⌈planet 행성, 혹성⌋ by learning / to ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋.
We human beings ⌈cooperate 협력하다, 협조하다⌋ / in ⌈plenty 많은, 충분하게⌋ of ways, / from ⌈lining 안감, 줄무늬⌋ up / at a bus stop / to ⌈sharing 서로 나누어 가지기⌋ ⌈knowledge 지식, 아는 것⌋ / on a website.
Sometimes, however, human ⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋ / can ⌈break 깨다, 휴식⌋ down.
To ⌈foster 육성하다, 증진하다⌋ cooperative success among humans, we / should perhaps look / to ⌈nature 자연, 본성⌋ for ⌈inspiration 영감, 자극⌋.
| #2-6 |
승리를 위해서 팀원들 간의 협력이 필요한 팀 스포츠가 많이 있다. 이들 중 몇 개의 기원을 살펴보자. 필드하키 필드하키는 오랜 역사를 가지고 있다. 단순한 형태의 하키 경기를 하고 있는 남성을 그린 4,000년된 그림이 이집트의 무 덤에서 발견되어 왔다. 중세 시대에는 변형된 형태의 하키와 비슷한 경기들이 유럽 국가들에서 펼쳐졌다. 이후 영국에서 하키 경기를 근대화시켰다. 축구'공을 찬다'는 의미의 cuju (쿠주)라는 중국 경기가 기원전 2, 3세기에 존재했고, 이것이 근대 축구 경기와 유사한 규칙을 가진 최초의 축구 경기라고 인식된다. 선수들은 손을 제외한 몸의 어떤 부분도 사용할 수 있었다. 이후 일본, 호주, 그리고 유럽의 여러 나라에서 축구와 비슷한 경기가 행해졌다. 이제 전 세계 211개국이 FIFA (국제축구연맹) 회원으로 등록되어 있다. 조정 조정 경기는 인류가 보트로 물위를 처음 이동했을 때부터 존재했다. 조정이 스포츠로 처음 언급된 것은 기원전 15세기 이 집트에서였다. 그 후 유럽으로 퍼져 나갔다. 경기 스포츠로서의 근대 조정은 18세기 영국으로 거슬러 올라간다. 현재 가장 유명한 조정 경기 중의 하나가 옥스퍼드와 캠브리지 경정대회이다.
< CULTURE > Team Sports around the World// There are many team sports which require cooperation among the team members in order to win. Let' see the origins of a few of these sports. Field Hockey Field hockey has a long history. Four-thousand-year-old drawings of men playing a simple version of a hockey game have been found in tombs in Egypt. In the Middle Ages variations of hockey-like games were played in European countries. Later England modernized it. Soccer A Chinese game called cuju meaning “kick a ball” existed during the 2nd and 3rd centuries B.C. and has been recognized as the first version of soccer with similar rules to the modern game. Players could use any part of their body except their hands. Later soccer-like games were played in Japan Australia and several countries in Europe. Now 211 countries around the world are registered as members of FIFA. Rowing Rowing has existed since humans first traveled on water by boat. The first reference to rowing as a sport comes from 15thcentury B.C. Egypt. It later spread throughout Europe. Modern rowing as a competitive sport goes back to England in the 18th century. Now one of the most famous competitions is the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race.
< CULTURE > Team Sports around the World// There / are many team sports which ⌈require 필요하다, 요구하다⌋ ⌈cooperation 협력, 협조⌋ among the team members / in order / to win.
Let' see the ⌈origins 기원, 원산⌋ of a few of these sports.
Field Hockey Field hockey / has a long history.
Four-thousand-year-old drawings of men playing a simple ⌈version 버전⌋ of a hockey game / have been found / in ⌈tombs 무덤⌋ / in Egypt.
In the Middle Ages ⌈variations 변형, 변화⌋ of hockey-like games / were played / in European countries.
Later England modernized it.
Soccer A Chinese game called cuju meaning “kick a ⌈ball 공, 볼⌋”
⌈existed 존재하다, 있다⌋ during the 2nd / and 3rd centuries B.C.
/ and / has been ⌈recognized 인정받은, 알려진⌋ / as the first ⌈version 버전⌋ of soccer / with similar ⌈rules 규칙, 규정⌋ / to the ⌈modern 현대의, 근대의⌋ game.
Players / could use any part of their body except their hands.
Later soccer-like games / were played / in Japan Australia / and several countries / in Europe.
Now 211 countries around the world / are ⌈registered 등록된, 등기의⌋ / as members of FIFA.
⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ ⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ / has ⌈existed 존재하다, 있다⌋ / since humans first traveled / on water by boat.
The first ⌈reference 참고, 언급⌋ / to ⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ / as a sport comes / from 15thcentury B.C.
Egypt.
It later ⌈spread 퍼지다, 확산되다⌋ throughout Europe.
⌈modern 현대의, 근대의⌋ ⌈rowing 논란, 줄⌋ / as a ⌈competitive 경쟁의, 경쟁력을 지닌⌋ sport goes back / to England / in the 18th century.
Now one of the most ⌈famous 유명한, 잘 알려진⌋ ⌈competitions 경쟁, 대회⌋ / is the Oxford / and Cambridge Boat Race.
| #3-1 |
탄산음료가 당신에게 무엇을 하고 있는가? 당신이 피자, 햄버거, 또는 닭고기튀김과 같은 패스트푸드를 먹을 때, 그것과 함께 무얼 마시는가? 대부분의 사람들은 탄산음료를 마신다. 당신이 영화를 보러 가거나 갈증을 해소하기 위해 뭔가 산뜻한 것을 원할 때 탄산음료가 흔히 첫 번째 로 선택되는 것이다. 청량음료라고도 불리는 탄산음료는 탄산이 있는 달콤한 음료이다. 전 세계 사람들이 탄산음료를 매우 좋아한다. 매년 미국 인들은 인당 170리터의 탄산음료를 소비하고, 영국인들은 인당 100리터의 탄산음료를 소비한다. 모든 연령 집단 중에서, 십 대들이 탄산음료를 가장 많이 마신다. 그러나 대부분의 사람들은 탄산음료가 성분 때문에 건강에 좋지 않다는 것을 이 해하고 있다. 탄산음료 안에는 무엇이 들어 있을까? 어떤 성분이 당신에게 정말 좋지 않을까?
What Is Soda Doing to You? When you eat fast food, such as pizza, hamburger, or fried chicken, what do you drink with it? Most people have a soda. When you go to the movies or when you just want something refreshing to satisfy your thirst, a soda is often the first choice. Soda, also called a soft drink, is a sweet drink with carbonation. People all over the world love sodas. Every year, Americans consume 170 liters of soda per person, and the British 100 liters. Of all age groups, teenagers drink the most soda. Most people, however, understand that sodas are not good for their health due to the ingredients. What is in a soda? Which ingredients are really not good for you?
What Is Soda Doing / to You?
When you eat fast food, / such as pizza, hamburger, or ⌈fried 튀긴, 프라이⌋ ⌈chicken 닭, 치킨⌋, what / do you drink / with it?
Most people / have a soda.
When you go / to the movies or / when you just want something ⌈refreshing 상쾌한, 심신을 상쾌하게 하는⌋ / to ⌈satisfy 만족시키다, 충족시키다⌋ your ⌈thirst 갈증, 갈망⌋, a soda / is often the first ⌈choice 선택, 결정⌋.
Soda, also called a soft drink, / is a ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋ drink / with carbonation.
People all over the world love sodas.
Every year, Americans ⌈consume 소비하다, 먹어치우다⌋ 170 liters of soda per person, / and the British 100 liters.
Of all age groups, teenagers drink the most soda.
Most people, however, understand / that sodas / are not good for their ⌈health 건강, 보건⌋ due / to the ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋.
What / is / in a soda?
Which ⌈ingredients 재료, 성분⌋ / are really not good for you?
| #3-2 |
설탕 모든 사람이 청량음료가 많은 양의 설탕으로 채워져 있다는 것을 알고 있다. 전형적인 250ml 탄산음료 한 캔은 설탕 30 그램을 함유한다. 세계보건기구인 WHO는 사람들이 하루에 25그램 미만의 설탕을 소비할 것을 권장한다. 따라서 작은 탄 산음료 캔 하나를 마시면 당신의 일일 설탕 섭취량은 이미 권장량을 초과하는 것이다. 더 나쁜 것은, 사람들은 보통 한 캔 으로 끝내지 않는다는 것이다. 설탕을 추가로 먹는 것은 불필요한 열량을 더하는 것을 의미한다. 시간이 지나면서 이것이 비만, 그리고 심장병과 당뇨병과 같은 다른 건강 문제로 이어질 수 있다. 다이어트 탄산음료조차도 안전하지 않다. 다이어트 탄산음료는 설탕을 인공 감미료로 대체한다. 인공 감미료는 더 적은 열량으로 달콤한 설탕 맛을 제공한다. 이것은 좋은 일처럼 보일지도 모르지만, 실제로는 그렇지 않다. 최근 연구에 따르면, 인공 감미료는 당신이 단 음식을 더 많이 원하게 만든다. 이것은 당신이 계속 다이어트 탄산음료를 마시면 쉽게 체중이 늘 수도 있다는 것을 의미한다. 게다가 인공 감미료는 두통, 정서 장애, 그리고 수면 문제를 일으키는 것으로 알려져 있다.
Sugar Everyone knows that soft drinks are loaded with large amounts of sugar. A typical 250ml can of soda contains 30 grams of sugar. WHO, the World Health Organization, recommends that people consume less than 25 grams of sugar a day. Therefore, if you drink one small can of soda, your daily sugar intake already exceeds the recommended amount. What is worse, people usually don't stop with one can. Having extra sugar means adding unnecessary calories. Over time, this can lead to obesity and other health problems, such as heart disease and diabetes. Even diet sodas are not safe. Diet sodas replace the sugar with artificial sweeteners. Artificial sweeteners provide a sweet, sugary taste with fewer calories. This may seem like a good thing, but it really isn't. According to a recent study, artificial sweeteners make you want more sweet foods. This means that you may easily gain weight if you keep drinking diet soda. In addition, artificial sweeteners are known to generate headaches, emotional disorders, and sleeping problems.
⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ Everyone knows / that soft drinks / are ⌈loaded 싣다, 짐⌋ / with large ⌈amounts 양, 되다⌋ of ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋.
A ⌈typical 전형적인, 일반적인⌋ 250ml / can of soda contains 30 grams of ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋.
WHO, the World ⌈health 건강, 보건⌋ Organization, ⌈recommends 추천하다, 권하다⌋ / that people ⌈consume 소비하다, 먹어치우다⌋ less / than 25 grams of ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ a day.
Therefore, / if you drink one small / can of soda, your ⌈daily 매일의, 일상적인⌋ ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ intake already ⌈exceeds 넘어서다, 초과하다⌋ the ⌈recommended 추천하다, 권하다⌋ ⌈amount 양, 되다⌋.
What / is ⌈worse 더 나쁜, 악화되어 있는⌋, people usually / do stop / with one / can.
Having ⌈extra 추가의, 여분의⌋ ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ means adding ⌈unnecessary 불필요한, 쓸데없는⌋ calories.
Over time, this / can lead / to obesity / and other ⌈health 건강, 보건⌋ problems, / such as heart ⌈disease 질병, 병⌋ / and diabetes.
Even ⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ sodas / are not ⌈safe 안전한, 무사한⌋.
⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ sodas ⌈replace 대체하다, 교체하다⌋ the ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋ / with ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners.
⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners ⌈provide 제공하다, 공급하다⌋ a ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋, sugary ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋ / with fewer calories.
This / may seem like a good thing, but it really / is.
According / to a recent study, ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners make you want more ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋ foods.
This means / that you / may ⌈easily 쉽게, 잘⌋ ⌈gain 얻다, 증가하다⌋ weight / if you keep drinking ⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ soda.
In ⌈addition 추가, 덧셈⌋, ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ sweeteners / are known / to ⌈generate 창출하다, 발생시키다⌋ ⌈headaches 두통, 골칫거리⌋, ⌈emotional 감정적인, 감정의⌋ ⌈disorders 장애, 질환⌋, / and sleeping problems.
| #3-3 |
산 대부분의 탄산음료는 몇몇 종류의 산을 함유한다. 산은 신맛이 나는 화학 물질이다. 물에 더해지면 그것은 톡 쏘는 맛을 만들어 낸다. 산은 또한 박테리아의 성장을 지연시키는데, 그것이 상품의 유통 기한을 늘린다. 그러나 산은 칼슘을 흡수하 는 신체의 능력을 방해하고, 그 결과 뼈의 연화가 일어난다. 또한 탄산음료 안의 산은 위산과 상호 작용하여 소화를 늦추 고 영양소 흡수를 막는다. 게다가 그것은 당신의 치아를 보호하는 단단한 물질인 치아 에나멜을 손상시킬 수 있다. 탄산음 료를 정기적으로 마시면 당신의 치아는 더 쉽게 썩는다.
Acid Most soda contains several types of acids. Acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste. When added to water, it produces a sharp flavor. Acid also delays the growth of bacteria, which extends the expiration date of a product. However, acid interferes with the body's ability to absorb calcium, and as a result, bone softening occurs. Also, the acid in sodas interacts with stomach acid, slowing digestion and blocking nutrient absorption. Furthermore, it can damage tooth enamel, the hard substance that protects your teeth. If you drink sodas regularly, your teeth decay more easily.
⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ Most soda contains several ⌈types 종류, 유형⌋ of ⌈acids 산, 신랄한⌋.
⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ / is a ⌈chemical 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ ⌈substance 물질, 본질⌋ / with a ⌈sour 악화시키다, 신⌋ ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋.
When added / to water, it produces a ⌈sharp 날카로운, 급격한⌋ ⌈flavor 맛, 향⌋.
⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ also ⌈delays 지연시키다, 연기하다⌋ the growth of ⌈bacteria 박테리아, 세균⌋, which ⌈extends 연장하다, 확장하다⌋ the ⌈expiration 만기, 만료⌋ date of a product.
However, ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ ⌈interferes 간섭하다, 방해하다⌋ / with the body's ability / to ⌈absorb 흡수하다, 열중하다⌋ ⌈calcium 칼슘⌋, / and / as a ⌈result 결국, 결과⌋, ⌈bone 뼈, 골격⌋ ⌈softening 완화시키다, 부드러워지다⌋ ⌈occurs 발생하다, 일어나다⌋.
Also, the ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋ / in sodas interacts / with ⌈stomach 배, 위⌋ ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋, slowing ⌈digestion 소화, 소화력⌋ / and ⌈blocking 막다, 차단⌋ nutrient ⌈absorption 흡수, 몰두⌋.
Furthermore, it / can ⌈damage 피해, 손상⌋ tooth ⌈enamel 에나멜, 법랑⌋, the hard ⌈substance 물질, 본질⌋ / that ⌈protects 보호하다, 지키다⌋ your ⌈teeth 치아⌋.
If you drink sodas ⌈regularly 정기적으로, 규칙적으로⌋, your ⌈teeth 치아⌋ decay more ⌈easily 쉽게, 잘⌋.
| #3-4 |
카페인 당신은'카페인'이라는 단어를 들었을 때 아마 커피를 생각할 것이다. 하지만 일부 탄산음료들, 특히 콜라와 탄산에너지 음 료 또한 카페인을 함유한다. 카페인은 당신을 깨어 있는 느낌이 더 들게 만들지만, 불규칙한 심장 박동을 초래할 수도 있 다. 콜라 단 한 캔은 여러분에게 많은 영향을 끼치지 않을지도 모르지만, 콜라를 정기적으로 소비하면, 그것이 당신을 더 욱 긴장된 기분으로 만들고 밤에 숙면을 취하는 것을 막을 수 있다. 인공 색소와 인공 향료 청량음료 회사들은 그들의 제품에 선명한 색과 달콤한 맛을 더해서 소비자들의 마음을 끈다. 그러나 이런 색과 맛의 대부 분은 자연적인 것이 아니다. 그것들은 인공 화학 물질이다. 예를 들어, 몇몇 파인애플 주스에 사용되는 인공색소인 황색 6 호는 아무런 맛도 더하지 않는다. 그것은 단지 음료를 예쁘게 보이게 하려고 있는 것이다. 또한 그 음료가 파인애플 맛이 나게 하는 인공 향료는 실제의 파인애플 주스가 전혀 아니다. 연구들은 이런 종류의 화학 물질을 과도하게 섭취하면 신장 병과 ADHD (주의력 결핍 과잉행동 장애)와 같은 문제를 일으킬 수 있다는 것을 밝혀 왔다.
Caffeine When you hear the word “caffeine,” you most likely think of coffee. But some sodas, especially colas and carbonated energy drinks, also contain caffeine. Caffeine makes you feel more awake, but it may bring about an irregular heartbeat. A single can of cola may not affect you much, but if you consume colas regularly, they can make you feel more nervous and keep you from sleeping well at night. Artificial Colors and Artificial Flavors Soft drink companies attract consumers by adding bright colors and sweet flavors to their products. Most of these colors and flavors, however, are not natural. They are artificial chemicals. For example, the artificial color Yellow No. 6, used in some pineapple juices, adds nothing to the taste. It is just there to make the drink look pretty. Also, the artificial flavor that gives the drink its pineapple taste is not real pineapple juice at all. Studies have shown that excessive consumption of these kinds of chemicals can create problems such as kidney disease and ADHD.
Caffeine When you hear the word “caffeine,”
you most likely think of coffee.
But some sodas, especially colas / and carbonated ⌈energy 에너지, 힘⌋ drinks, also contain caffeine.
Caffeine makes you feel more ⌈awake 깨다, 잠에서 깨다⌋, but it / may bring / about an ⌈irregular 비정규의, 불규칙의⌋ heartbeat.
A ⌈single 하나의, 싱글⌋ / can of cola / may not ⌈affect 영향을 주다, 작용하다⌋ you much, but / if you ⌈consume 소비하다, 먹어치우다⌋ colas ⌈regularly 정기적으로, 규칙적으로⌋, they / can make you feel more ⌈nervous 긴장되는, 불안한⌋ / and keep you / from sleeping well / at night.
⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈colors 색, 색깔⌋ / and ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈flavors 맛, 향⌋ Soft drink companies ⌈attract 끌다, 유치하다⌋ ⌈consumers 소비자, 고객⌋ by adding ⌈bright 밝은, 긍정적인⌋ ⌈colors 색, 색깔⌋ / and ⌈sweet 달콤한, 맛좋은⌋ ⌈flavors 맛, 향⌋ / to their products.
Most of these ⌈colors 색, 색깔⌋ / and ⌈flavors 맛, 향⌋, however, / are not ⌈natural 자연의, 당연한⌋.
They / are ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋.
For example, the ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈color 색, 색깔⌋ Yellow No.
6, used / in some pineapple juices, adds nothing / to the ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋.
It / is just there / to make the drink look pretty.
Also, the ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈flavor 맛, 향⌋ / that gives the drink its pineapple ⌈taste 맛보다, 맛⌋ / is not real pineapple juice / at all.
Studies / have shown / that ⌈excessive 과도한, 지나친⌋ ⌈consumption 소비량, 소비⌋ of these kinds of ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ / can create problems / such as ⌈kidney 신장, 콩팥⌋ ⌈disease 질병, 병⌋ / and ADHD.
| #3-5 |
당신은 탄산음료 안의 설탕, 산, 카페인, 그리고 인공 화학물질들이 어떻게 당신에게 실제로 좋지 않은지를 알 수 있다. 어 쩌면 당신은 이제 그것을 그만 마셔야한다는 것을 이해할지도 모른다. 그러나 탄산음료를 완전히 끊는 것이 너무 어려울 것 같다면 서서히 양을 줄여라. 예를 들어, 하루에 정기적으로 마시던 청량음료 하나 또는 다이어트 탄산음료 하나를 다른 건강에 더 좋은 음료로 대체하라. 물론 가장 좋은 선택은 물일 것이다. 물에는 열량, 산, 카페인, 그리고 어떤 종류의 화학 물질도 없다. 그리고 당신이 맛을 증진시키기 위해 뭔가 더할 것을 원한다면 물에 레몬 한 조각을 넣어라. 단기간에 탄산 음료를 마시는 습관을 고칠 수 없다고 해도 당신 자신에게 너무 심하게 굴지는 마라. 일단 양을 줄이기 시작하면, 당신은 올바른 방향으로 향하고 있는 것이다.
You can see how the sugar, the acid, the caffeine, and the artificial chemicals in sodas are really not good for you. Perhaps you might now understand that you should stop drinking them. However, if quitting sodas altogether sounds too difficult, cut down gradually. For example, replace one regular soft drink or one diet soda per day with another more healthy drink. Of course, the best choice would be water. Water has no calories, no acid, no caffeine, and no chemicals of any kind. And if you want something to add a boost of flavor, put a slice of lemon in the water. If you can't break your soda drinking habits in a short period of time, don't be too hard on yourself. Once you start cutting back, you are heading in the right direction.
You / can see how the ⌈sugar 설탕, 당분⌋, the ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋, the caffeine, / and the ⌈artificial 인공의, 인위적인⌋ ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ / in sodas / are really not good for you.
Perhaps you / might now understand / that you / should stop drinking them.
However, / if quitting sodas ⌈altogether 전적으로, 모두 함께⌋ sounds too ⌈difficult 어려운, 힘든⌋, cut down ⌈gradually 점차적으로, 점진적으로⌋.
For example, ⌈replace 대체하다, 교체하다⌋ one ⌈regular 정규의, 정기의⌋ soft drink or one ⌈diet 다이어트, 식단⌋ soda per day / with another more healthy drink.
Of course, the best ⌈choice 선택, 결정⌋ / would be water.
Water / has no calories, no ⌈acid 산, 신랄한⌋, no caffeine, / and no ⌈chemicals 화학적인, 화학물질⌋ of any kind.
And / if you want something / to add a boost of ⌈flavor 맛, 향⌋, put a ⌈slice 한 조각, 자르다⌋ of ⌈lemon 레몬, 불량품⌋ / in the water.
If you / can't ⌈break 깨다, 휴식⌋ your soda drinking habits / in a short period of time, / do be too hard / on yourself.
Once you start ⌈cutting 오려낸 것, 절단⌋ back, you / are heading / in the right ⌈direction 방향, 지시⌋.
| #4-1 |
RFCx: 열대 우림의 구세주 여러분이 열대 우림 속에 서 있다고 상상해 보라. 키 큰 나무들로 둘러싸여 있는데, 그중 많은 나무들이 40미터 이상이다. 여러분은 가장 가까운 도시에서 1백 킬로미터 떨어져 있다. 무엇이 들리는가? 그곳이 조용하고 평화로운 장소라고 생각하 는가? 만약 그렇다면, 여러분은 틀렸다. 열대 우림은 실제로는 매우 시끄러운 곳이다. 곤충, 새, 그리고 원숭이들이 이러한 소음에 상당한 책임이 있다. 그리고 때때로 다른 소리가 있는데, 이 소리는 숲에는 전혀 어울리지 않는 소리이다. 그것은 바로 전기톱의 윙윙거리는 소리이다. 매년 1,300만 헥타르의 열대 우림, 대략 영국 크기만큼의 면적이 사라진다.
RFCx: the Rainforest Savior Imagine you are standing in a rainforest. You are surrounded by tall trees, many of which are more than 40 meters tall. You are a hundred kilometers away from the nearest city. What do you hear? Do you think it is a quiet, peaceful place? If so, you are wrong. The rainforest is actually a very noisy place. Insects, birds, and monkeys are responsible for much of this noise. And sometimes there is another sound, one that does not belong in the forest at all. It is the buzz of a chainsaw. Every year some 13 million hectares of rainforest, an area about the size of England, disappears.
RFCx: the Rainforest Savior Imagine you / are standing / in a rainforest.
You / are ⌈surrounded 둘러싸다, 주변⌋ by ⌈tall 키, 키가 큰⌋ trees, many of which / are more / than 40 meters ⌈tall 키, 키가 큰⌋.
You / are a hundred kilometers away / from the ⌈nearest 가장 가까운, 제일 가까운⌋ city.
What / do you hear?
Do you think it / is a ⌈quiet 조용히, 고요한⌋, peaceful place?
If so, you / are ⌈wrong 잘못된, 틀린⌋.
The rainforest / is actually a very ⌈noisy 시끄러운, 떠드는⌋ place.
Insects, birds, / and ⌈monkeys 원숭이⌋ / are ⌈responsible 책임이 있는, 담당의⌋ for much of this ⌈noise 소음, 소리⌋.
And sometimes there / is another sound, one / that ⌈/ does 암컷, Department Energy(에너지부)⌋ not ⌈belong 속하다, ~의 것이다⌋ / in the ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ / at all.
It / is the ⌈buzz 열광, 즐거운⌋ of a chainsaw.
Every year some 13 million hectares of rainforest, an area / about the size of England, ⌈disappears 사라지다, 없어지다⌋.
| #4-2 |
이러한 손실은 수백만 종의 서식지를 파괴하고 정글의 생물 다양성에 큰 영향을 미친다. 또한 그것은 대기 중 이산화탄소 의 양을 증가시킨다. 열대 우림의 파괴는 벌목, 농사, 채광, 그리고 다른 인간의 활동으로 유발된다. 이 중 벌목은 자연의 손실에 대한 주된 이유이다. 열대 우림에서의 벌목 중 70~80퍼센트는 불법이라고 한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서, 미국의 한 젊은 엔지니어는 불법 벌목이 발생한 순간 그것을 감지하는 간단한 장치를 발명했다. 그 모든 것은 2011년 Topher White가 자원봉사자로 인도네시아를 방문했을 때 시작되었다. 어느 날, 그와 몇몇의 다른 자 원봉사자들이 산림 관리소에서 출발하여 열대 우림 보호 구역으로 걸어 들어갔다. 걷기 시작한 지 단 5분 후에 그의 일행 은 불법으로 나무를 베고 있던 사람들과 우연히 마주쳤다. 놀란 벌목꾼들은 도망쳤지만, White는 충격을 받았다. 그들이 산림 관리소에 꽤 가까이 있었다는 사실에도 불구하고, 그곳에서는 어떠한 소리도 들을 수 없었다. 숲이 다른 소리들로 너 무나 가득차 있었기 때문이다.
This loss destroys the habitats for millions of species and has a major effect on the jungle's biodiversity. Also, it increases the amount of CO² in the air. Destruction of the rainforest is caused by logging, farming, mining, and other human activities. Among these, logging is the main reason for nature's loss. Some 70 to 80 percent of the logging in the rainforests is thought to be illegal. To address this problem, a young American engineer has invented a simple device that detects illegal logging the moment it occurs. It all started in 2011, when Topher White visited Indonesia as a volunteer. One day, he and some of the other volunteers set out from the ranger station on a walk into a protected rainforest. After walking only five minutes, his group came upon people who were cutting down trees illegally. The surprised loggers fled, but White was shocked. Despite the fact that they were still fairly close to the ranger station, it had been impossible to hear anything from back there. It is because the forest was so full of other sounds.
This loss ⌈destroys 파괴하다, 파멸시키다⌋ the habitats for millions of ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ / and / has a major effect / on the ⌈jungle 정글, 밀림⌋'s biodiversity.
Also, it ⌈increases 증가하다, 늘리다⌋ the ⌈amount 양, 되다⌋ of CO² / in the air.
Destruction of the rainforest / is caused by logging, farming, ⌈mining 채광, 광업⌋, / and other human activities.
Among these, logging / is the main ⌈reason 이유, 원인⌋ for ⌈nature 자연, 본성⌋'s loss.
Some 70 / to 80 percent of the logging / in the rainforests / is thought / to be ⌈illegal 불법적인, 법으로 금지된⌋.
To ⌈address 주소, 연설하다⌋ this problem, a young American ⌈engineer 기술자, 엔지니어⌋ / has ⌈invented 발명하다, 개발하다⌋ a simple ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ / that ⌈detects 발견하다, 탐지하다⌋ ⌈illegal 불법적인, 법으로 금지된⌋ logging the ⌈moment 순간, 지금⌋ it ⌈occurs 발생하다, 일어나다⌋.
It all started / in 2011, / when Topher White visited Indonesia / as a ⌈volunteer 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋.
One day, he / and some of the other ⌈volunteers 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ set out / from the ranger ⌈station 역, 정거장⌋ / on a walk / into a ⌈protected 보호하다, 지키다⌋ rainforest.
After walking only five minutes, his group ⌈came 캠, 캠을 달다⌋ upon people who / were ⌈cutting 오려낸 것, 절단⌋ down trees illegally.
The ⌈surprised 놀란⌋ loggers ⌈fled flee의 과거·과거 분사형⌋, but White / was ⌈shocked 충격, 놀라게 하다⌋.
Despite the fact / that they / were still ⌈fairly 꽤, 공정하게⌋ close / to the ranger ⌈station 역, 정거장⌋, it had been ⌈impossible 불가능한, ~할 수 없는⌋ / to hear anything / from back there.
It / is because the ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ / was so full of other sounds.
| #4-3 |
White는 도울 수 있는 방법에 대해 생각하기 시작했다. 그는 도시에서 멀리 떨어져 있는 정글에서도 휴대 전화 서비스가 좋다는 것을 알았다. 그는 휴대 전화 기술이 아마도 그 문제를 해결할 수 있을 것이라는 생각을 했다. 미국의 집으로 돌아 간 후에 그는 아버지의 차고에서 오래된 휴대 전화를 이용하여 작은 도청기를 개발했다. 그는 최대 3킬로미터 떨어진 곳 에서 나는 전기톱 소리를 감지할 수 있도록 휴대 전화에 고감도 마이크를 부착했다. 이 장치는 나무 높은 곳에 설치될 것 이었다. 톱 소리를 감지하면, 그 장치는 산림 감시원의 휴대 전화로 메시지를 보낼 것이다. White는 덥고 습한 열대 우림의 환경에서 견딜 수 있도록 휴대 전화를 보호해야 한다는 것을 알았다. 그의 해결책은 전화 기를 플라스틱 상자에 넣어 두는 것이었다. 전화기가 설치될 곳에는 전기가 없었기 때문에, 그 장치는 스스로 전력을 공급 할 수 있어야 했다. White는 휴대 전화에 태양 전지판을 부착했다. 두꺼운 나뭇잎의 그늘 아래에서도 태양 전지판이 작동 할 것이라고 그는 확신했다.
White started thinking about ways to help. He knew that even in the jungle, far from the city, there was good cell phone service. He thought that perhaps cell phone technology could solve the problem. After he returned home to the U.S., in his father's garage he developed a small listening device using an old cell phone. He attached a sensitive microphone to the cell phone so that it could detect chainsaw noise from up to three kilometers away. This device would be placed high up in a tree. When it picked up the buzz of a saw, it would send a message to a ranger's cell phone. White knew that he had to protect the cell phone so that it could survive in the hot and wet rainforest environment. His solution was to put the phone in a plastic box. Since there was no electricity where the phone needed to be placed, the device had to be able to power itself. White attached solar panels to the cell phone. He was sure that the panels would work, even under the shade of the thick tree leaves.
White started thinking / about ways / to help.
He knew / that even / in the ⌈jungle 정글, 밀림⌋, far / from the city, there / was good ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone service.
He thought / that perhaps ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone technology / could solve the problem.
After he ⌈returned 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ home / to the U.S., / in his father's ⌈garage 차고, 주차장⌋ he developed a small listening ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ using an old ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone.
He ⌈attached 덧붙여진, 첨부된⌋ a ⌈sensitive 민감한, 섬세한⌋ microphone / to the ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone / so that it / could ⌈detect 발견하다, 탐지하다⌋ chainsaw ⌈noise 소음, 소리⌋ / from up / to three kilometers away.
This ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ / would be placed high up / in a tree.
When it ⌈picked 집었다, 뽑혔다⌋ up the ⌈buzz 열광, 즐거운⌋ of a saw, it / would ⌈send 보내다, 전하다⌋ a ⌈message 메시지, 메모⌋ / to a ranger's ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone.
White knew / that he had / to ⌈protect 보호하다, 지키다⌋ the ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone / so that it / could ⌈survive 살아남다, 생존하다⌋ / in the hot / and ⌈wet 젖은, 습한⌋ rainforest ⌈environment 환경, 상황⌋.
His ⌈solution 해결책, 방안⌋ / was / to put the phone / in a ⌈plastic 플라스틱, 비닐의⌋ box.
Since there / was no ⌈electricity 전기, 전기학⌋ where the phone needed / to be placed, the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋ had / to be able / to power itself.
White ⌈attached 덧붙여진, 첨부된⌋ ⌈solar 태양의, 태양 에너지⌋ ⌈panels 위원단, 패널⌋ / to the ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phone.
He / was sure / that the ⌈panels 위원단, 패널⌋ / would work, even under the ⌈shade 그늘, 빗금친⌋ of the ⌈thick 두꺼운, 두께⌋ tree leaves.
| #4-4 |
White는 그 장치를 시험하기 위해서 인도네시아로 돌아갔다. 놀랍게도 설치한 후 단지 이틀째에 그 장치는 전기톱 소리를 감지했다. 경고 메시지가 White와 산림 감시원들에게 즉시 전송되었다. 그들이 벌목 현장에 도착했을 때 불법벌목꾼들은 도망쳤다. White는 자신의 이야기를 인터넷에 게재했고 소문은 빨리 퍼졌다. 다른 나라에 사는 사람들이 White에게 연락해서 그 장 치를 사용할 수 있는지 물었다. 세계 각지의 사람들은 그가 더 많은 장치를 만들 수 있도록 자신들의 중고 휴대 전화를 그에게 보내기 시작했다. Rainforest Connection (RFCx)라고 불리는 이 장치는 현재 아프리카와 남아메리카의 열대 우림에 서 사용되고 있다.
White returned to Indonesia to test the device. Surprisingly, on only the second day after he installed the device, it picked up chainsaw noises. An alert message was immediately sent to White and the forest rangers. When they approached the logging spot, the illegal loggers ran away. White published his story on the Internet and word quickly spread. People living in other countries contacted White and asked if they could use the device. Others, from around the world, started sending him their old cell phones so he could build more devices. These devices, called Rainforest Connection (RFCx), are now being used in the rainforests in Africa and South America.
White ⌈returned 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ / to Indonesia / to test the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋.
Surprisingly, / on only the second day after he installed the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋, it ⌈picked 집었다, 뽑혔다⌋ up chainsaw ⌈noises 소음, 소리⌋.
An ⌈alert 경계, 주의하다⌋ ⌈message 메시지, 메모⌋ / was immediately sent / to White / and the ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ rangers.
When they ⌈approached 접근하다, 접근법⌋ the logging ⌈spot 장소, 위⌋, the ⌈illegal 불법적인, 법으로 금지된⌋ loggers ran away.
White ⌈published 출판하다, 출간하다⌋ his story / on the Internet / and word quickly ⌈spread 퍼지다, 확산되다⌋.
People living / in other countries ⌈contacted 연락, 접촉⌋ White / and asked / if they / could use the ⌈device 장치, 기기⌋.
Others, / from around the world, started ⌈sending 보내다, 전하다⌋ him their old ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phones so he / could build more ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋.
These ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋, called Rainforest Connection (RFCx), / are now being used / in the rainforests / in Africa / and South America.
| #4-5 |
RFCx 한 대는 300헥타르의 숲을 보호할 수 있다. 만약 이러한 면적의 숲이 베어진다면 1만 5천 톤의 이산화탄소가 공기 중으로 배출될 것이다. 이 정도 양의 이산화탄소 배출을 막는 것은 1년에 3천 대의 자동차를 도로에서 없애는 것과 같은 효과를 지닌다. 이 장치는 열대 우림을 구하고 수천 대의 버려진 휴대 전화에 새 생명을 제공하고 있다. Topher White와 RFCx 장치 덕분에 지구는 이제 살기 더 좋은 곳이 되었다.
One RFCx can protect 300 hectares of forest. If a forest of this size is cut, 15,000 tons of CO² are released into the air. Preventing this amount of CO² from being released has the same effect as taking 3,000 cars off the road for a year. These devices are saving rainforests and providing new life for thousands of discarded cell phones. Thanks to Topher White and his RFCx devices, the earth is now a better place to live.
One RFCx / can ⌈protect 보호하다, 지키다⌋ 300 hectares of ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋.
If a ⌈forest 숲, 삼림⌋ of this size / is cut, 15,000 tons of CO² / are ⌈released 발표했다, 개봉된⌋ / into the air.
Preventing this ⌈amount 양, 되다⌋ of CO² / from being ⌈released 발표했다, 개봉된⌋ / has the same effect / as taking 3,000 cars off the road for a year.
These ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋ / are ⌈saving 구조하는, 절약하는⌋ rainforests / and providing new life for thousands of ⌈discarded 버린⌋ ⌈cell 세포, 전지⌋ phones.
Thanks / to Topher White / and his RFCx ⌈devices 장치, 기기⌋, the earth / is now a better place / to live.
| #4-6 |
세계의 주요 열대 우림 열대 우림은 적도 근처에 위치하며 따뜻하고 습한 기후를 가진다. 지구 표면의 단지 6퍼센트를 차지하고 있지만 세계 산 소의 40퍼센트를 생산한다. 또한 모든 동식물 종의 반 이상이 열대 우림에 서식한다. 1 아마존 열대 우림 - 세계에서 가장 큰 열대 우림 - 여덟 개의 나라에 걸쳐 있음: 브라질, 볼리비아, 페루, 에콰도르, 콜롬비아, 베네수엘라, 가이아나, 수리남 - 4만 종의 식물, 3천 종의 민물고기와 370종의 파충류를 포함하여 수백만 종의 서식지 - 350개 종족의 고향 2 콩고강 유역의 열대 우림 - 세계에서 두 번째로 큰 열대 우림 - 6개의 나라에 걸쳐 있음: 카메룬, 중앙아프리카공화국, 콩고민주공화국, 콩고, 적도 기니, 가봉 - 1만 종의 열대 식물, 400종의 포유동물, 1,000종의 새와 700종의 물고기의 서식지 - 150개 종족의 고향 3 동남아시아의 열대 우림 - 인도네시아, 말레이시아, 태국, 미얀마, 라오스, 캄보디아에서 발견됨. - 15,000종의 식물과 수백 종 동물의 서식지 - 다양한 종족의 고향
< CULTURE > World' Major Rainforests Tropical rainforests are located near the equator and have a warm and wet climate. They cover only 6 percent of the earth' surface but produce 40 percent of the world' oxygen. Also, more than half of all plant and animal species inhabit rainforests. 1. Amazon Rainforest – the world' largest tropical rainforest – spanning across eight countries: Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname – habitat for millions of species including 40,000 plant species, 3,000 freshwater fish species and more than 370 types of reptiles – home to 350 ethnic groups 2. Congo River Basin Rainforest – the world' second-largest tropical rainforest – spanning across six countries: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon – habitat for 10,000 species of tropical plants, 400 species of mammals, 1,000 species of birds and 700 species of fish – home to 150 ethnic groups 3. Rainforests of Southeast Asia – found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia – habitat for 15,000 plant species and hundreds of species of animals – home to a variety of ethnic groups
< CULTURE > World' Major Rainforests ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ rainforests / are ⌈located ~에 위치한⌋ near the ⌈equator 적도⌋ / and / have a warm / and ⌈wet 젖은, 습한⌋ ⌈climate 기후, 날씨⌋.
They cover only 6 percent of the earth' surface but produce 40 percent of the world' ⌈oxygen 산소⌋.
Also, more / than half of all plant / and animal ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ ⌈inhabit 거주하다, 서식하다⌋ rainforests.
1.
Amazon Rainforest – the world' largest ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ rainforest – spanning across eight countries: Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana / and Suriname – habitat for millions of ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ ⌈including 포함해, 등⌋ 40,000 plant ⌈species 종, 종류⌋, 3,000 freshwater fish ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ / and more / than 370 ⌈types 종류, 유형⌋ of ⌈reptiles 파충류⌋ – home / to 350 ethnic groups 2.
Congo River Basin Rainforest – the world' second-largest ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ rainforest – spanning across six countries: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea / and Gabon – habitat for 10,000 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of ⌈tropical 열대의⌋ plants, 400 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of mammals, 1,000 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of birds / and 700 ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of fish – home / to 150 ethnic groups 3.
Rainforests of Southeast Asia – found / in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Laos / and Cambodia – habitat for 15,000 plant ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ / and hundreds of ⌈species 종, 종류⌋ of animals – home / to a ⌈variety 다양, 여러종류⌋ of ethnic groups
| #SP1-1 |
해외 자원봉사가 내 인생을 어떻게 바꾸었는가 - Susan Shain 이제 막 비행기를 타려고 했고 무서웠다. 내가 비행기를 타는 걸 무서워했던 게 아니라 목적지에서 나를 기다리고 있을 것들이 걱정되었기 때문이었다. 나는'지금 돌아설 수 있어.'라고 스스로에게 말했다.'그냥 시간제 근무로 돌아가서 멋지고 조용한 여름을 보낼 수도 있어.' 그 해는 2005년 이었다. 비행기의 목적지는? 탄자니아. 나는 그렇게 다른 곳은 어디든 전 에 여행해본 적이 없고 무엇을 기대해야 할지 전혀 몰랐다. 그것이 나를 두렵게 했다. 하지만 나는 결코 모험을 외면하는 사람인 적이 없어서 나머지 일행들이 비행기를 타기 시작했을 때 나도 그렇게 했다. 다음 6주가 내 인생을 영원히 바꿀 것이라는 건 전혀 알지 못했다.
How Volunteering Abroad Changed My Life by Susan Shain I was about to board a plane, and I was scared. Not because I was afraid of flying, but because I was afraid of what awaited me at my destination. “I could turn around now,” I said to myself. “I could just go back to my part-time job and have a nice quiet summer.” The year was 2005. The plane's destination? Tanzania. I'd never traveled anywhere so different before, and I had no idea what to expect. That scared me. But I had never been one to turn away from adventure, so when the rest of my group started boarding, I did, too. Little did I know that the next six weeks would change my life forever.
How Volunteering Abroad Changed My Life by Susan Shain I / was / about / to board a plane, / and I / was ⌈scared 무서운, 겁먹은⌋.
Not because I / was ⌈afraid 두려운, ~인 것 같다⌋ of flying, but because I / was ⌈afraid 두려운, ~인 것 같다⌋ of what ⌈awaited 기다리고 있다, 기대하다⌋ me / at my ⌈destination 목적지, 목표⌋.
“I / could turn around now,”
I said / to myself.
“I / could just go back / to my part-time job / and / have a nice ⌈quiet 조용히, 고요한⌋ summer.”
The year / was 2005.
The plane's ⌈destination 목적지, 목표⌋?
Tanzania.
I'd never traveled anywhere so different before, / and I had no idea what / to ⌈expect 예상하다, 기대하다⌋.
That ⌈scared 무서운, 겁먹은⌋ me.
But I had never been one / to turn away / from ⌈adventure 모험, 어드벤처⌋, so / when the rest of my group started boarding, I / did, too.
Little / did I know / that the next six weeks / would change my life ⌈forever 영원히, 항상⌋.
| #SP1-2 |
탄자니아에서의 자원봉사는 어땠는가 나는 1학년을 마치고 여름에 대학 프로그램의 일환으로 탄자니아를 여행했다. 우리는 주민센터와 고아원에서 몇 주간 봉사 활동을 하는 데 시간을 보냈다. 우리가 사파리에 가거나 킬리만자로 산을 오르는 것과 같은 많은 다른 흥미 진진한 활동 도 했지만 계속 생각나는 것은 바로 우리의 봉사 활동 시간이었다. 봉사 활동은 내가 탄자니아 사람들과 진정으로 이어지 도록 해 주었다. 내가 봉사 활동을 하지 않았더라면, 그들의 삶의 방식에 대한 내면을 결코 볼 수 없었을 것이다. 자원봉 사를 함으로써 나는 식사를 함께하고, 아이들과 함께 놀며 그들의 집을 방문하면서 현지인 가족들의 삶의 일부가 되었다. 이런 경험들은 놀랍고, 교육적이며 고무적이었다. - 그들이 아주 적은 소유물을 가졌으면서도 얼마나 많은 사랑과 개인적인 강인함이 있는지 보게 되어 놀라웠다. - 그들의 문화를 경험하게 되어 교육적이었다. 나는 ugali를 요리하고 소젖을 짜고 kanga를 입는 법을 배웠다. - 그들의 긴밀한 가족 간의 유대와 끝없는 긍정성을 보게 되어 고무적이었다. 해외 자원봉사는 나에게 세상과 나 자신에 대해 매우 많은 것을 가르쳐 주었다. 나는 대학교 1학년 전체 기간보다 그 몇 주간에 더 많이 성장했다.
What Volunteering in Tanzania Was Like I traveled to Tanzania as part of a university program the summer after my freshman year. We spent several weeks volunteering at a community center and an orphanage. Though we did many other exciting things like going on safari and climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro, it was our volunteering time that stuck with me. Volunteering allowed me to truly connect with the people in Tanzania. If I had not volunteered, I would never have got an inside look at their way of life. By volunteering, I became part of the lives of local families — sharing meals, playing with their kids, and visiting their homes. These experiences were eye-opening, educational, and inspiring: – eye-opening to see how few possessions they had, yet how much love and personal strength they had – educational to experience their culture: I learned to cook ugali, milk a cow, and wear a kanga – inspiring to witness their close family ties and endless positivity Volunteering abroad taught me so much about the world and about myself. I grew more in those few weeks than I did my entire first year of college.
What ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ / in Tanzania Was Like I traveled / to Tanzania / as part of a university ⌈program 프로그램, 계획⌋ the summer after my freshman year.
We ⌈spent 보냈다, 지출했다⌋ several weeks ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ / at a ⌈community 사회, 공동체⌋ center / and an orphanage.
Though we / did many other ⌈exciting 흥미진진한, 신나는⌋ things like going / on safari / and climbing Mt.
Kilimanjaro, it / was our ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ time / that stuck / with me.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ allowed me / to truly ⌈connect 연결하다, 이어지다⌋ / with the people / in Tanzania.
If I had not ⌈volunteered 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋, I / would never / have got an ⌈inside 내부, 안쪽⌋ look / at their way of life.
By ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋, I became part of the ⌈lives 살다, 삶⌋ of local families — ⌈sharing 서로 나누어 가지기⌋ meals, playing / with their kids, / and visiting their homes.
These experiences / were eye-opening, ⌈educational 교육의⌋, / and ⌈inspiring 고무하는, 감동시키는⌋: – eye-opening / to see how few ⌈possessions 소유, 재산⌋ they had, yet how much love / and personal ⌈strength 힘, 강점⌋ they had – ⌈educational 교육의⌋ / to experience their ⌈culture 문화, 문명⌋: I learned / to cook ugali, ⌈milk 우유, 모유⌋ a ⌈cow 소, 젖소⌋, / and ⌈wear 입다, 쓰다⌋ a kanga – ⌈inspiring 고무하는, 감동시키는⌋ / to ⌈witness 보다, 목격자⌋ their close family ⌈ties 관계, 연결짓다⌋ / and endless positivity ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ ⌈taught 가르쳤다, 배웠다⌋ me so much / about the world / and / about myself.
I ⌈grew 자랐다, 성장했다⌋ more / in those few weeks / than I / did my ⌈entire 전체의, 내내⌋ first year of college.
| #SP1-3 |
해외 자원봉사가 나를 어떻게 변화시켰는가 자원봉사를 통해 나는 다음과 같은 것들을 얻었다. 내가 가지고 있는 것에 대한 감사 내가 집으로 돌아왔을 때 나는 말 그대로 변기를 끌어 안았고 더운물로 처음 샤워를 하면서 울음을 터뜨렸다. 나는 탄자 니아에서 이런 것들을 갖지 못했다. 요즘에도 나는 때때로 내가 물 한잔을 받으려고 수도를 틀 때 조용히 “고맙습니다.”라 고 말하곤 한다. 자원봉사는 내가 당연시 여기던 편안함과 기회들에 대해 깊이 감사하게 해 주었다. 새로운 문화에 대한 이해 현지인들은 우호적이고 강하고 굉장히 긍정적이다. 그들의 언어, 옷과 문화는 아름답다. 뉴욕 주의 시골에서 자라는 동안 나와 그렇게 다른 사람들을 경험해 본 적이 없었다. 탄자니아에 있는 동안 나는 그런 차이점들을 이해하게 되었다. 해외 자원봉사는 나에게 다양성의 아름다움을 가르쳐 주었다.
How Volunteering Abroad Changed Me These are what volunteering gave me: Gratitude for what I have When I returned home, I literally hugged my toilet, and I cried during my first hot shower. I didn't have these things in Tanzania. To this day, I sometimes say a silent “Thank you” as I turn on the tap to get a drink of water. Volunteering gave me deep gratitude for the comforts and opportunities I used to take for granted. Appreciation for new cultures The local people are welcoming, strong, and overwhelmingly positive. Their language, clothing, and culture are beautiful. Growing up in rural New York State, I had never before experienced people so different from me. During my time in Tanzania, I learned to appreciate those differences. Volunteering abroad taught me the beauty of diversity.
How ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ Changed Me These / are what ⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ gave me: ⌈gratitude 감사, 고마움⌋ for what I / have When I ⌈returned 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ home, I ⌈literally 말그대로, 문자 그대로⌋ hugged my ⌈toilet 화장실, 화장의⌋, / and I cried during my first hot shower.
I / did / have these things / in Tanzania.
To this day, I sometimes say a ⌈silent 침묵의, 조용한⌋ “Thank you”
/ as I turn / on the ⌈tap 가볍게 두드리다, 수도꼭지⌋ / to get a drink of water.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ gave me deep ⌈gratitude 감사, 고마움⌋ for the ⌈comforts 위로, 편안함⌋ / and opportunities I used / to take for granted.
Appreciation for new ⌈cultures 문화, 문명⌋ The local people / are ⌈welcoming 환영하는, 우호적인⌋, ⌈strong 강한⌋, / and overwhelmingly ⌈positive 긍정적인⌋.
Their ⌈language 언어⌋, ⌈clothing 천, 옷감⌋, / and ⌈culture 문화, 문명⌋ / are ⌈beautiful 아름다운, 멋있는⌋.
Growing up / in ⌈rural 시골의, 농업의⌋ New York State, I had never before experienced people so different / from me.
During my time / in Tanzania, I learned / to appreciate those differences.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ ⌈taught 가르쳤다, 배웠다⌋ me the beauty of ⌈diversity 다양성, 상이⌋.
| #SP1-4 |
탐험에 대한 갈망 집으로 돌아가서 기쁘긴 했지만 나는 그것이 내 마지막 모험이 되지 않을 거란 확신이 있었다. 나는 내가 계속해서 탐험 하고 배경이 다른 사람들을 만나고 새로운 음식을 맛보고 독특한 풍경을 발견해 나가고 싶어 한다는 것을 알았다. 그것이 나를 여행 중독자가 되게 했다. 사람들을 돕겠다는 약속 솔직히 말하자면, 자원봉사를 하면 기분이 좋다. 다른 사람에게 (받은 것을) 돌려주고 얼굴에 띤 미소를 보는 것은 다른 어떤 것과 견줄 수 없는 느낌이다. 탄자니아에서 이런 경험을 한 후에 나는 언제 어디서든 그들과 나 자신을 위해 사람들 을 돕기로 결심했다. 그것은 내가 매일 하려고 노력하는 것이다.
Hunger for exploration Though I was happy to return home, I was confident it would not be my last adventure. I knew I wanted to continue exploring, meeting people from different backgrounds, trying new foods, and discovering unique landscapes. It made me a travel addict. Commitment to helping people I will be honest: Volunteering feels good. Giving back to others and seeing the smiles on their faces is a feeling unmatched by anything else. After experiencing this in Tanzania, I decided to help people wherever and whenever I could for them and for myself. It is something I try to do every day.
Hunger for ⌈exploration 탐사, 탐험⌋ Though I / was ⌈happy 행복한, 기쁜⌋ / to ⌈return 돌아오다, 복귀하다⌋ home, I / was ⌈confident 자신 있는, 확신하는⌋ it / would not be my last ⌈adventure 모험, 어드벤처⌋.
I knew I wanted / to ⌈continue 계속하다, 지속시키다⌋ exploring, meeting people / from different ⌈backgrounds 배경, 출신⌋, trying new foods, / and ⌈discovering 발견하다, 알다⌋ ⌈unique 독특한, 특별한⌋ ⌈landscapes 풍경, 지역⌋.
It ⌈made 화난, 미친⌋ me a travel addict.
Commitment / to helping people I / will be honest: Volunteering feels good.
Giving back / to others / and seeing the smiles / on their faces / is a feeling unmatched by anything else.
After experiencing this / in Tanzania, I decided / to help people wherever / and whenever I / could for them / and for myself.
It / is something I try / to do every day.
| #SP1-5 |
내가 탄자니아를 여행한 지 이제 10년이 지났고 이런 원칙들이 여전히 나를 인도하고 있다. 나는 2008년에 대학을 졸업하고 그 이후로 일을 하며 세계를 여행하고 있다. 나는 한국에서부터 프랑스, 니카라과(Nicaragua)와 노스캐롤라이나(North Carolina)에 이르기까지 모든 곳에서 자원봉사를 하고 있다. 나는 매일 감사를 실천하고 있으며 늘 새로운 사람을 만나고 다른 삶의 방식을 배우려고 노력한다. 때때로 나는 내가 동아프리카로 가는 그 비행기를 타지 않았더라면 내 인생이 어땠 을지 궁금하다. 내가 ugali를 맛보고 마사이족과 춤을 추고 코끼리를 목욕시킬 수 있었을까? 지금의 내가 될 수 있었을까? 나는 이런 질문에 대한 답을 결코 알 수 없을 것이다. 하지만 나는 내가 그 비행기를 탄 것에 대해 영원히 감사해할 것임 을 잘 알고 있다. 해외에서의 자원봉사는 오늘날의 내 인생, 내가 무엇과도 바꾸지 않을 그 인생으로 이끌어 주었다.
It has now been 10 years since I traveled to Tanzania, and these principles still guide me. I graduated from college in 2008, and ever since, I have been working and traveling around the world. I have volunteered everywhere from Korea to France to Nicaragua to North Carolina. I practice gratitude daily and am always trying to meet new people and learn about different ways of life. Sometimes I wonder what my life would be like if I had not got on that plane to East Africa. Would I have ever tasted ugali, danced with the Masai, or bathed an elephant? Would I be the person I am today? I will never know the answers to these questions. But I do know I will be forever grateful I got on that plane. Volunteering abroad led me to the life I have today — which I wouldn't change for anything.
It / has now been 10 years / since I traveled / to Tanzania, / and these ⌈principles 원칙, 원리⌋ still ⌈guide 안내하다, 가이드⌋ me.
I graduated / from college / in 2008, / and ever / since, I / have been working / and traveling around the world.
I / have ⌈volunteered 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ everywhere / from Korea / to France / to Nicaragua / to North Carolina.
I practice ⌈gratitude 감사, 고마움⌋ ⌈daily 매일의, 일상적인⌋ / and / am always trying / to meet new people / and learn / about different ways of life.
Sometimes I wonder what my life / would be like / if I had not got / on / that plane / to East Africa.
Would I / have ever tasted ugali, danced / with the Masai, or ⌈bathed 목욕, 목욕물⌋ an elephant?
Would I be the person I / am today?
I / will never know the answers / to these questions.
But I / do know I / will be ⌈forever 영원히, 항상⌋ ⌈grateful 감사하는, 고마운⌋ I got / on / that plane.
⌈volunteering 봉사하다, 자원하다⌋ ⌈abroad 해외에, 외국에⌋ led me / to the life I / have today — which I / would change for anything.
| #SP1-6 |
행복의 비밀 “한 시간의 행복을 원하면 낮잠을 자라. 하루의 행복을 원하면 낚시를 하러 가라. 일 년의 행복을 원하면 거금을 상속받아 라. 남은 평생의 행복을 원하면 누군가를 도와라.”라는 중국의 속담이 있다. 수세기 동안 위대한 사상가들이 똑같은 것을 제안해왔다. 즉 행복은 남을 돕는 데서 발견된다. 그래서 우리는 일찍이 받는 것보다 주는 것이 더 낫다고 배운다. 그러나 이 진술에 더 심오한 진리가 있을까? 대답은'그렇다'이다. 과학적 연구는 주 는 것이 지속적인 행복으로 이끄는 강력한 방법이라는 증거를 뒷받침하는 설득력 있는 자료를 제공한다. 연구자들은 기쁨을 느끼는 우리 뇌의 특정 부분이 우리가 베풀 때 활성화된다는 것을 발견했는데, 이것은 선행을 하는 것 외에도 돈이나 시간을 기부하는 것이 실제로 우리를 기분 좋게 한다는 것을 의미 한다. 이런 감정은 달리기를 한 후에 몸 에 갑자기 나타나는 기분 좋은 느낌을 표현하기 위해 만들어진 용어인'러너스 하이(격렬한 운동 후에 맛보는 도취)'와 비 슷하다. 그들은 여러분이 다른 사람에게 친절을 베풀거나 어떤 식으로든 그들에게 나누어 주었을 때 여러분의 몸과 뇌에 일어나는 것을 묘사하기 위해'헬퍼스 하이'라는 용어를 사용한다. 다른 사람들을 돕는 것은 더 행복할 뿐 아니라 더 건강 하고 더 풍요로우며 더 생산적이고 의미 있는 삶을 사는 비결일지도 모른다.
< ADDITIONAL READING > The Secret to Happiness There is a Chinese saying that goes: “If you want happiness for an hour, take a nap If you want happiness for a day, go fishing If you want happiness for a year, inherit a fortune If you want happiness for the rest of your life, help somebody” For centuries, the greatest thinkers have suggested the same thing: Happiness is found in helping others And so we learn early: It is better to give than to receive But is there a deeper truth behind this statement? The answer is yes Scientific research provides convincing data to support the evidence that giving is a powerful path to lasting happiness Researchers have found that the areas in our brains that feel pleasure become activated when we give —meaning that besides doing good, donating our money or time actually makes us feel good This feeling is similar to a “runner's high,” a term created for that feel-good sensation that rushes through your body after a run They use the term “helper's high” to describe what happens to your body and your brain when you are kind to another person or give to them in some way Helping others may just be the secret to living a life that is not only happier but also healthier, wealthier, more productive, and meaningful.
< ADDITIONAL READING > The ⌈secret 비밀, 숨겨진⌋ / to ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ There / is a Chinese saying / that goes: “If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for an hour, take a ⌈nap 낮잠⌋ If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for a day, go fishing If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for a year, ⌈inherit 물려받다, 이어받다⌋ a ⌈fortune 재산, 행운⌋ If you want ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ for the rest of your life, help somebody”
For centuries, the greatest thinkers / have suggested the same thing: ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ / is found / in helping others And so we learn early: It / is better / to give / than / to ⌈receive 받다, 수상하다⌋ But / is there a deeper ⌈truth 진실, 사실⌋ behind this ⌈statement 발표, 말함⌋?
The answer / is yes Scientific research ⌈provides 제공하다, 공급하다⌋ ⌈convincing 설득력있는, 납득이 가는⌋ ⌈data 자료, 데이터⌋ / to support the ⌈evidence 증거, 근거⌋ / that giving / is a powerful ⌈path 길, 경로⌋ / to lasting ⌈happiness 행복, 만족⌋ Researchers / have found / that the areas / in our ⌈brains 뇌, 두뇌⌋ / that feel pleasure become activated / when we give —meaning / that besides doing good, donating our money or time actually makes us feel good This feeling / is similar / to a “runner's high,”
a ⌈term 임기, 말하다⌋ created for / that feel-good ⌈sensation 센세이션, 감각⌋ / that ⌈rushes 서두르다, 급한⌋ through your body after a run They use the ⌈term 임기, 말하다⌋ “helper's high”
/ to ⌈describe 묘사하다, 설명하다⌋ what happens / to your body / and your ⌈brain 뇌, 두뇌⌋ / when you / are kind / to another person or give / to them / in some way Helping others / may just be the ⌈secret 비밀, 숨겨진⌋ / to living a life / that / is not only happier but also healthier, wealthier, more ⌈productive 생산적인, 건설적인⌋, / and meaningful.
| #SP1-7 |
밀셰어 밀셰어는 2013년 캐나다의 두 청년에 의해 설립된 비영리 기관이다. “한 끼를 사먹으면, 한 끼를 기부한다” 라는 모토로, 밀셰어는 음식점들과 협력해서 그것의 상징을 몇 가지 메뉴 옆에 둔다. 손님이 밀셰어 적용 메뉴를 주문하면, 음식점은 1 달러를 밀셰어에 기부한다. 이렇게 모은 돈으로 도움이 필요한 사람들을 위한 식사가 제공된다. 청바지를 십대에게 비영리 기관에 의해 시작되어, 미국에 있는 청소년들이 청바지를 모아서 지역의 노숙하는 청년들에게 나누어 주는 캠페인 이다. 2008년에 이 캠페인이 시작된 이래로 많은 학교와 청소년들이 5백만 벌이 넘는 청바지를 기부해 오고 있다. 코스트스위프 이것은 미국에서 조직된 국제적인 청소(정화) 캠페인이다. 자원봉사자들은 청소를 위해 모이면 비닐장갑과 비닐봉투와 같 은 청소 물품이 제공된다. 자원봉사자들은 자신들이 주운 것을 기록하고 그 자료는 쓰레기의 원인들을 알아내고 쓰레기를 줄이는 방법을 연구하는 데 사용된다.
< CULTURE > Volunteers around the World Mealshare Mealshare is a non-profit organization founded by two young men from Canada in 2013. With “uy One, Give One”motto, Mealshare partners with restaurants, and places its symbol next to a few menu items. When a customer orders a Mealshare item, the restaurant donates $1 to Mealshare. With the collected money, meals for people in need are served. Teens for Jeans Started by a non-profit organization, it is a campaign in which teenagers in the U.S. collect pairs of jeans and give them to local homeless youth. Many schools and teenagers have donated over five million pairs of jeans since the campaign started in 2008. COASTSWEEP It is an international clean-up campaign organized in the U.S. Volunteers gather for the clean-up and are provided with cleaning tools such as plastic gloves and bags. Volunteers record what they pick up and the data is used to find out the sources of trash, and to study how to reduce trash.
< CULTURE > Volunteers around the World Mealshare Mealshare / is a non-profit ⌈organization 단체, 기구⌋ founded by two young men / from Canada / in 2013.
With “uy One, Give One”motto, Mealshare partners / with ⌈restaurants 식당, 레스토랑⌋, / and places its ⌈symbol 상징, 기호⌋ next / to a few ⌈menu 메뉴, 요리⌋ ⌈items 물품, 품목⌋.
When a ⌈customer 고객, 소비자⌋ orders a Mealshare ⌈item 물품, 품목⌋, the ⌈restaurant 식당, 레스토랑⌋ ⌈donates 기부하다, 기증하다⌋ $1 / to Mealshare.
With the ⌈⌈collected 수집하다, 모으다⌋ 침착한, 모은⌋ money, meals for people / in need / are served.
Teens for Jeans Started by a non-profit ⌈organization 단체, 기구⌋, it / is a ⌈campaign 선거 운동, 캠페인⌋ / in which teenagers / in the U.S. ⌈collect 수집하다, 모으다⌋ ⌈pairs 짝지어주다, 한 쌍⌋ of jeans / and give them / to local homeless youth.
Many schools / and teenagers / have donated over five million ⌈pairs 짝지어주다, 한 쌍⌋ of jeans / since the ⌈campaign 선거 운동, 캠페인⌋ started / in 2008.
COASTSWEEP It / is an ⌈international 국제적인, 인터내셔널⌋ ⌈clean 깨끗한, 청소하다⌋-up ⌈campaign 선거 운동, 캠페인⌋ ⌈organized 비품 등을 갖춘, 정리된⌋ / in the U.S. Volunteers ⌈gather 모이다, 수집하다⌋ for the ⌈clean 깨끗한, 청소하다⌋-up / and / are ⌈provided 제공된, 만약 ~이면⌋ / with ⌈cleaning 깨끗한, 청소하다⌋ ⌈tools 도구, 수단⌋ / such as ⌈plastic 플라스틱, 비닐의⌋ ⌈gloves 장갑, 글러브⌋ / and bags.
Volunteers record what they ⌈pick 고르다, 선택하다⌋ up / and the ⌈data 자료, 데이터⌋ / is used / to find out the ⌈sources 정보원, 원천⌋ of ⌈trash 쓰레기, 버리다⌋, / and / to study how / to ⌈reduce 줄이다, 감소시키다⌋ ⌈trash 쓰레기, 버리다⌋.
👍🏿VOCAB. 여러번 쓰면서 연습하세요!!!
abroad 외국에
absorb 흡수하다;열중하게
absorption 흡수
activat
addict 중독자
addition 추가;부가
address 다루다;처리하다
advent
adventure 모험
affect 영향을 미치다
aid 도움
alert
amount 금액;양
appearanc
appreciate 이해하다
approach 다가가다;접근하다
arrangement 배열;준비
artificial 인공의
practice 관행;연습
attach 붙이다
attach 붙이다;첨부하다
attract 마음을 끌다
await 기다리다
award 상주다
background 배경;경력
boost
chemical 화학의
client 고객;단골
comparison 비교
competition 경쟁;시합
competitive 경재의;경쟁적인
confide
confident 자신이 있는;자신만만한
consumption 소비
convenience 편리함
convinc 확신시키다
cooperate 협력하다
cooperation 협력
cooperative 협력적인
decay 쇠퇴하다;부패하다
degree 정도
delay 늦추다;연기하다
deliver 배달하다
destination 목적지
detect 탐지하다
diabet
differ
digest 소화하다
digestion 소화
direction 방향
disappear 사라지다
discard 버리다
disorder 무질서;이상
display 전시하다
diversity 다양성
donat
educational 교육적인
efficient 효율적인
elect 선출하다
electric 전기의
electricity 전기
embarrass 당황하게
embarrassed 당황한 당황하게
embarrassing 당혹스럽게 하는 당황하게
encounter (우연히) 만나다
entire 전체의
equator 적도
establish 확립하다;설치하다
ethnic 민족의;인종의
evidence 증거
exceed 능가하다
excess 초과;과잉
excessive 지나친
exist 존재하다
expir
expiration
explor 탐구하다
exploration 탐험
extend 확대하다
fair 공정한;상당한
fairly 매우
financial 재정의;금융의
fit 감정폭발;적당한
flow 흐르다;넘쳐흐르다
fort 요새
foster 육성하다;기르다
frighten 깜짝놀라게 하다;무섭게
gene 유전자
generate 생성하다
gradual 단계적인;점차적인
gradually 점차적으로
graduate
graduated
grain 곡물
grant 주다
grateful 고마워하는;감사의
habitat 서식지;거주지
headache 두통
heal 치료하다
highway 고속도로
hung
hunger 굶주림;배고픔
illegal 불법의
immediate 즉각적인
inaccurate 부정확한
including (전치사)포함하여
ingredient 재료요소
inhabit 거주하다;살다
inherit 물려받다
inspir 영감을주다
inspiration 영감
intake 섭취
interact 상호작용하다
interfere
international 국제적인
literal 글자대로의
matter 문제;중요하다
meaningful 의미있는
means 수단
mislead 오도하다
mode 방식
modernize 현대화하다
moment 순간
movement 움직임;운동
nutrient 영양물;영양제
obesity 비만
occup
occupy 점유하다;점령하다
occur 발생하다
organ 오르간;장기
organiz 정리하다
organized 정리하다
origin 기원;유래
orphan 고아
overwhelm 압도하다
pack 짐을 싸다
pat 쓰다듬다;애무하다
plea
plenty
possess 소유하다 소유하다
possession 소유;소유물
predator
prevail
priest 성직자
principle 원리
process 처리
productive 생산적인;비옥한
protect 보호하다
provided 제공하다
publish 출판하다;발표하다
quest 탐구
rainforest 열대우림
range 범위;영역
reality 현실
recipe
recognize 인식하다
recommend 추천하다
reference 언급;참조
refresh
regard 간주하다
register 등록시키다;등록하다
regular
regularly 규칙적으로
release ~을 배출하다;~을 석방하다
remedy
remind
reptile
require 요구하다;필요로
responsible 책임감 있는
responsive 반응하는
scare 놀라게하다;놀라다
selfish 이기적인
sensation 감각
sensitive 민감한
shade 그늘;응달
sharp 명백한
shock 충격을 주다
silent 조용한;침묵의
slic
soften
solar
source 원천;근원
statement 진술
straight
stuck 꼼짝못하는
substance 물질
sum
surf 검색하다
surround 둘러싸다
survive 살아남다
tie 매다;묶다
tropical 열대의
trust 신뢰;신용
typical 전형적인
universal 우주의;전세계의
variation 변화
variety 다양성
weigh 무게가 나가다
2018 All Rights Reserved. Written by Wayne
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