영어1 능률 김성곤 순서배열 DB
순서배열 DB2020. 7. 10. 22:54
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enk1 | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:53:52
순서배열
1. 영능김1 1-1
Can I Swim?
(A) His name was Diego Gonzales. Diego was a shy boy who seemed to be frightened of his own shadow. He struggled with his classes, and none of the after-school activities seemed to suit him. He was neither strong nor athletic. On the rugby field, nobody passed the ball to him or involved him in the game, except to make fun of him. 2
(B) Tom Michell is a British teacher. In the 1970s, he worked at an English language boarding school in Argentina. One day he visited a beach and found a penguin that was injured and alone. Michell decided to help the bird. 0
(C) He cleaned it, fed it, and even gave it a name—Juan Salvado. From that day on, Juan Salvado lived on the terrace of his room in the school dormitory. The following is part of the story, written by Tom Michell, about the penguin and a boy at the school. From the first day that I brought a penguin to live at the school, one student in particular wanted to help with his care. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. 영능김1 1-2
Diego's early education had not prepared him well for life at his new school.
(A) One day, I took Juan Salvado to the school swimming pool with the boys. As soon as the other swimmers left, we brought Juan Salvado to the water to see if he would swim. Juan Salvado had been living at the school for several months by then. However, in all that time, he had never been able to swim because his feathers had been damaged. 2
(B) His knowledge of English was limited, so he avoided conversation. However, Diego enjoyed the company of Juan Salvado. Indeed, on the terrace, Diego could relax. 0
(C) He had some friends who also had trouble fitting in. Looking after Juan Salvado was good for those boys. They fed him fish, swept the terrace, and spent time with him. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. 영능김1 1-3
"Go on！" I said.
(A) I had never had the opportunity to study a penguin in the water before. I was familiar with the awkward way that Juan Salvado walked on land, but now I watched in awe. Using only a stroke or two, he flew at great speed from one end of the pool to the other, turning swiftly before touching the sides. It was amazing! 1
(B) The penguin stared at me and then at the pool, like he was asking, "Is this where the fish come from?" Without further encouragement, he jumped in. With a single movement of his wings, he flew like an arrow across the water and knocked into the wall on the opposite side. Luckily, he was not hurt! 0
(C) Everyone could see how much he was enjoying himself. "Ooh", The boys shouted, as though they were watching a fireworks display. After a while, Diego came over and asked quietly, "Can I swim, too?" 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. 영능김1 1-4
I was astonished.
(A) Not only could Diego swim, but he swam magnificently! He chased after Juan Salvado, and they swam in perfect harmony. It was like a duet written for violin and piano. Sometimes Juan Salvado took the lead and Diego followed after him. At other times Diego went ahead and the penguin swam around the boy. Occasionally they swam so close that they almost touched. 2
(B) He had never gone near the pool before. I was not even sure if he could swim. "The water is cold, and it's getting late. Are you sure you want to go in?" I asked. "Please!" 0
(C) "All right then," I said, "but be quick!" I had never seen him so excited before. His eyes were shining with joy, and he seemed to be truly alive for the first time. Without hesitating, he dived into the cold water. I was ready to jump in and rescue him if he could not swim. However, I soon realized that I did not have anything to worry about. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. 영능김1 1-5
I was almost speechless.
(A) Suddenly Diego was not the sad little boy we had become used to. He was a very normal boy with a very special talent. "Diego! You can swim!" 0
(B) He asked without looking directly at me, but I saw a smile on his face. As we returned to the dormitory, Diego told me that his father had taught him how to swim in the river by their home. It was the first time he had talked about his life. I listened in silence, without making any corrections to his English, as he talked nonstop all the way back to the dormitory. 2
(C) "Yes, I can swim." "I mean you are able to swim really well. Brilliantly, in fact!" "Do you think so?" 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. 영능김1 1-6
The events of that day were extraordinary.
(A) He had earned the respect of his classmates. Over the next few weeks, his grades improved and he became more popular. Thanks to a swim with a penguin, a lonely boy's life was changed forever. 2
(B) Diego's confidence grew quickly after that day. When the school had a swimming competition, he won every race he participated in. The encouragement and acknowledgement given by the other boys was genuine. 1
(C) A child had gone down to the water to swim with a penguin, and shortly afterward, a young man had emerged. The ugly duckling had become a swan. It was definitely a turning point. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. 영능김1 2-1
Opposite Personalities, Great Partnerships Everybody is unique.
(A) Introverts recharge their batteries by spending some time alone; extroverts need to recharge when they do not socialize enough. Extroverts are good at performing tasks under pressure and coping with multiple jobs at once. Introverts, on the other hand, like to focus on one task at a time and can concentrate very well. 1
(B) However, there have been many attempts to categorize people's personalities. One of the most common methods divides people into two types, introverts and extroverts. According to this division, introverts tend to be drawn to the internal world of thoughts and feelings, while extroverts are drawn to the external world of people and activities. 0
(C) Extroverts tend to do assignments quickly. They make fast decisions and are comfortable with taking risks. Introverts often work more slowly and deliberately. They think before they act, give up less easily, and work more accurately. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. 영능김1 2-2
Based on all this information, you might think that introverts and extroverts do not get along.
(A) At that time in Montgomery, buses were divided into two zones: one for black people and the other for white people. She took a seat in the black zone and watched quietly as more and more passengers got on the bus. Soon, all the seats in the white zone were taken. Then the driver ordered her to give her seat to a white passenger. 1
(B) Rosa Parks was a shy, mild-mannered introvert. She avoided standing out in public or drawing attention to herself. However, she had the courage to resist injustice, so she answered calmly with a single word—"No." The furious driver called the police, and she was arrested. 2
(C) However, they actually work well together because their personalities complement each other. Sometimes they can even accomplish great things when they collaborate. Let's take a look at some famous examples! Case One: Working Together for Civil Rights On December 1, 1955, in the American city of Montgomery, Alabama, a black woman named Rosa Parks got on a bus. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. 영능김1 2-3
Parks's calm response to the situation impressed many people.
(A) He then praised Parks's bravery and hugged her. She stood silently. Her mere presence was enough to strengthen the crowd. 2
(B) Soon after, her quiet resistance came together with the inspirational speechmaking of Martin Luther King Jr. When 5,000 people assembled at a rally to support Parks's act of courage, King made a speech to the crowd. He was an extrovert—assertive, sociable, and good at motivating people. 0
(C) "There comes a time when people get tired of being trampled," he told them. "There comes a time when people get tired of being pushed out of the sunlight." King was an amazing speaker, and his words filled the people with pride and hope. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. 영능김1 2-4
Rosa Parks's act and Martin Luther King Jr.'s speech inspired Montgomery's black community to boycott the buses, a crucial turning point in the struggle for civil rights.
(A) The boycott lasted for 381 days. It was a difficult time for everyone, but eventually the buses were integrated. 0
(B) Similarly, Rosa Parks could not have excited the crowd at the rally with her words. When their introverted and extroverted traits were combined, however, his charisma attracted attention to her quiet bravery. In the end, this partnership had a huge impact on society. 2
(C) Think about how the partnership of these two people accomplished this. A powerful speaker refusing to give up his seat on a bus would not have had the same effect. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. 영능김1 2-5
Case Two: A Business Partnership On June 29, 1975, Steve Wozniak tapped a few keys on his keyboard, and letters appeared on a screen.
(A) He had just created a personal computer that allowed people to type on a keyboard and see the results on a monitor simultaneously. At the sight of the brilliant device, Steve Jobs suggested to Wozniak that they start a business. 0
(B) In fact, the two men formed one of the most famous partnerships of the digital era. Wozniak would come up with a clever engineering idea, and Jobs would find a way to polish, package, and sell it. 2
(C) Wozniak was a great inventor. When he partnered with Jobs, however, he was able to do much more. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. 영능김1 2-6
The two men had opposite personalities.
(A) Wozniak hated small talk and often worked alone. It was these features of his introverted personality that enabled him to focus on inventing things. Jobs, on the other hand, had outstanding social skills. 0
(B) Obviously, the answer is neither. The world needs both introverts and extroverts, and they often make a terrific team. We simply need to respect different personalities as well as our own. Then, when we have a chance to work together, we might be able to do great things! 2
(C) According to Wozniak, he was good at communicating with people. Wozniak was a shy inventor, whereas Jobs was a daring entrepreneur, but they were alike in that neither was afraid to face challenges that seemed impossible. So which personality type is better? 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. 영능김1 3-1
Turn Off the Lights and Save a Tiger.
(A) How does this work? Let's take a look. A Species in Danger Tigers, one of the world's largest feline species, have long been the kings of Asia's forests. 1
(B) Despite being the dominant predators of their habitats, they move silently and remain unseen most of the time. Imagine how ancient people must have felt when encountering tigers in the wild! It is no surprise that tigers have been feared and worshipped by humans for centuries, standing as symbols of power and courage. The fact that ancient rock paintings feature images of tigers shows how closely tigers have been related to humans throughout history. 2
(C) You can protect tigers simply by switching off the lights. This may sound strange, but it is actually true. An everyday action that helps us save energy can also help save an endangered species. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. 영능김1 3-2
At one time, tigers were found all across Asia, from Korea to Turkey.
(A) However, the world's tiger population has been shrinking rapidly. Illegal hunting and habitat loss are the main reasons behind this decrease. 0
(B) In fact, it is now estimated that there are fewer than 4,000 tigers living in the wild. Some experts even predict that the last of the world's wild tigers will disappear within the next 10 years. 2
(C) At the start of the 20th century, it was estimated that there were approximately 100,000 wild tigers. In recent years, however, three of the nine subspecies of tigers have become extinct. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. 영능김1 3-3
Our Interconnected World.
(A) This is because all of Earth's species are interconnected. Think about what would happen if tigers became extinct. Existing at the top of the food chain, they maintain the populations of animals they prey on, such as deer and boar. Without tigers, these species would rapidly increase in number. As a result, their food source, vegetation, would begin to disappear. 1
(B) This would cause birds and insects to lose their homes, and bigger animals that prey on them would soon run out of food. Eventually, the entire ecosystem would be affected. Humans are no exception, as we rely on nature for everything we need to survive, including air, food, and water. This is how the disappearance of a single species can threaten the whole planet. 2
(C) It would be very sad if there were no more wild tigers. Would it really matter, though? After all, we could still see them in zoos or watch programs about them on TV. Shouldn't we be more worried about protecting human beings? The fact is, however, that we need to protect tigers in order to protect ourselves. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. 영능김1 3-4
Now imagine what would happen if we made the effort to save tigers.
(A) This is an ecological term referring to species that live in a large area containing a variety of different ecosystems. 1
(B) If we choose to protect these species, we must conserve their habitat. As a result, the other species that share this habitat, including trees and insects, are protected too, as if there were a large umbrella being held over them. 2
(C) Tigers are considered an "umbrella species." 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. 영능김1 3-5
Small Efforts with Big Results.
(A) If Earth's oceans continue to rise, this area could be wiped out and its tiger population could be reduced by as much as 96%. By conserving energy, however, we can slow climate change, and this will slow the rise of the oceans. So keep switching off the lights whenever you're the last person to leave a room! 2
(B) When fossil fuels are burned, carbon dioxide is released into the air, and this contributes to climate change. Climate change has a number of negative effects, including rising sea levels that threaten many parts of the world. One of these places, called the Sundarbans, is an area on the coast of Bangladesh inhabited by a large number of tigers. 1
(C) Now, it is obvious that we must protect tigers. You may, however, still wonder how switching off the lights helps. Well, the lights in our homes require electricity, and more than half of the world's electricity is created by burning fossil fuels. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. 영능김1 3-6
You can also protect tigers when shopping.
(A) You could volunteer at a nonprofit organization or share important information on social networking sites. However small your actions may seem, they can help make a big difference. Most importantly, you must remember that we all share the same planet. If a single species disappears, every other living creature, including human beings, could be affected. 2
(B) Many popular products, including chocolate, instant noodles, and soap, are made with palm oil. Unfortunately, forests where tigers live are being destroyed to build more and more palm oil plantations. Some palm oil, however, is produced in a more sustainable way. 0
(C) Products that use this environmentally friendly palm oil usually have a special mark on the label. Look for it the next time you go shopping! Get Involved There are many other things you can do to protect tigers and other endangered species. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. 영능김1 4-1
A Protector of Our National Heritage.
(A) Yunju, a high school student, went to a Korean art exhibition. She wrote a report about her experience to share with her class. Last week, I visited an exhibition of artwork and ancient items selected from the Kansong Art Museum's collection. The exhibition included information about the man who gathered all of the artwork displayed there. 0
(B) This decision was greatly influenced by his mentor, Oh Sechang, who was an independence activist and had keen insight into Korean art. With Oh's guidance and his own convictions, Kansong devoted most of his fortune to acquiring old books, paintings, and other works of art. He considered these items the pride of the nation and believed they represented the national spirit. Without his actions, they would have been destroyed or taken overseas. 2
(C) His name was Jeon Hyeongpil, but he is better known by his pen name, Kansong. He was born into a rich family in 1906 and lived through the Japanese occupation of Korea. At the age of 24, he inherited a massive fortune. After carefully thinking about what he could do for his country, he decided to use the money to protect Korea's cultural heritage from the Japanese. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. 영능김1 4-2
As soon as I walked in, I could not help but admire some ink-and-water paintings by Jeong Seon, a famous Korean artist also known as Gyeomjae.
(A) Fortunately, it was rescued at the last minute and later purchased by Kansong. Knowing that these beautiful paintings were nearly turned to ashes made me feel very sad. I am thankful that these paintings are still around so that future generations can also appreciate them. 2
(B) The way Gyeomjae painted the mountains, rivers, and valleys makes them look very inviting. I was shocked when the museum tour guide said that the album was almost burned as kindling. 1
(C) These paintings were kept in an album called the Haeak jeonsincheop. They depict the beautiful scenery of Geumgangsan Mountain and its surrounding areas. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. 영능김1 4-3
The next item that impressed me was a gorgeous porcelain vase called the Celadon Prunus Vase with Inlaid Cloud and Crane Design.
(A) With the money he spent on it, Kansong could have bought 20 nice houses! Later, a different Japanese collector offered double the price Kansong had paid for the vase. However, Kansong refused to part with it because he knew that it was the most magnificent vase of its kind. 1
(B) Today it is listed as one of Korea's National Treasures. Seeing it in person was an absolutely breathtaking experience! 2
(C) It is a pleasant shade of green, with a lovely pattern of clouds and cranes encircling the entire vase. The cranes seem to be alive and stretching their wings in search of freedom. Kansong bought the vase from a Japanese art dealer in 1935. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. 영능김1 4-4
Finally, I saw the one item in the museum that I will never forget – an original copy of the Hunminjeongeum Haerye.
(A) Schools were forbidden to teach lessons in Korean, and scholars who studied Korean were arrested. 2
(B) At that time, however, Korea was still occupied by Japan. The Japanese colonial government intended to get rid of the Korean language. 1
(C) This ancient book was written in 1446, and it explains the ideas and principles behind the creation of Hangeul, the writing system of the Korean language. It was found in Andong in 1940. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. 영능김1 4-5
From the moment he heard that the Hunminjeongeum Haerye had been discovered, Kansong couldn't stop thinking about it.
(A) It has since been designated a National Treasure of Korea and included in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. Looking at the ancient book, I could feel Kansong's strong commitment to preserving Korean history. 2
(B) He knew he had to protect it at all costs. After years of waiting, he was finally able to obtain the book. He purchased it at ten times the price the owner was asking and carefully hid it in his house. 0
(C) When the Japanese were finally defeated, he was able to share it with the rest of Korea. The guide said that the Hunminjeongeum Haerye is the museum's most precious treasure. Without it, the origins and fundamentals of Hangeul would have been lost to history. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. 영능김1 4-6
Standing in the middle of the exhibition hall, surrounded by Korean art, I could not stop thinking about Kansong.
(A) He used the building as a place to store all of the important cultural items he had collected over the years. Kansong died in 1962, and Bohwagak was renamed the Kansong Art Museum in 1966. It now holds about 5,000 items, including 12 Korean National Treasures. 2
(B) He was an amazing person! He did not collect art for his personal enjoyment. He did it to protect Korea's cultural identity during the harsh Japanese colonial period. After Korea regained its independence, he stopped collecting art, as he knew it would safely remain in Korea. 0
(C) During our country's worst time, a single man was able to defend Korea's national spirit and pride. Thanks to him, we are still able to experience an essential part of Korean culture today. Founded in 1938, the Kansong Art Museum was Korea's first private museum. When Kansong built it, he named it Bohwagak. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. 영능김1 5-1
Nature: The Great Inspiration of Architects Nature is all around us.
(A) The act of creating things based on nature is called "biomimicry." This term is derived from the Greek words bios, meaning "life," and mimesis, meaning "imitation." 1
(B) It impresses us with its beauty and supplies us with everything we need to survive. It also provides some people with the inspiration to create things in a new way. 0
(C) Architects who use biomimicry look at nature as an incredibly successful engineer who has already come up with answers to some of the problems they now face. They carefully study plants, animals, and other aspects of nature to learn how they work. As a result, they have been able to find some innovative solutions to engineering and architectural challenges. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. 영능김1 5-2
The Curving Beauty of Nature.
(A) The Sagrada Familia is an enormous church in Barcelona, Spain. Designed by the world-famous architect Antoni Gaudi, the church is one of the most prominent buildings in the world. Construction of this remarkable building began in 1882, and Gaudi took over responsibility for its design in 1883. Believe it or not, the building is still under construction. 0
(B) Many parts of the church incorporate images and forms from nature. For example, the church's spires are topped with spheres that resemble fruits. There are also turtles carved into the stone bases of columns and spiral stairs that resemble the shells of sea creatures. 2
(C) Some people love the Sagrada Familia and others hate it, but nearly everyone is fascinated by its unique design. Gaudi believed that all architects should look to nature for inspiration. He preferred the curves found in natural objects to the straight lines found in artificial ones. This preference can be seen in all his buildings, including the Sagrada Familia. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. 영능김1 5-3
Perhaps the most impressive feature of the Sagrada Familia is the ceiling.
(A) These tree-like columns are not just for decoration, though. Inspired by trees, Gaudi gave the columns a single base that splits off into branches near the top. 1
(B) This allows them to support the roof better by distributing its weight evenly. Because Gaudi recognized the superiority of natural forms, he was able to design a building that is both beautiful and functional. 2
(C) Gaudi designed the columns inside the church to resemble trees and branches, so visitors who look up can feel as if they were standing in a great forest. The light that comes through the small holes all over the ceiling even resembles the light beaming through leaves in a forest. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. 영능김1 5-4
A Lesson from Insects.
(A) It has a large central chimney and smaller outer chimneys that are close to the ground. The heat generated by the daily activity of the termites rises up through the central chimney, eventually escaping through the top of the mound. In the meantime, cooler air is pulled in through the smaller chimneys, keeping the termites' home at a comfortable temperature during the hot day. 2
(B) To solve this problem, the building's architect, Mick Pearce, turned to termite mounds for an alternative. Termite mounds are large structures built by certain termite species. Scientists believe that the mounds stay cool due to a constant flow of air. Each mound has a network of holes referred to as chimneys. 1
(C) The Eastgate Centre is an office building and shopping complex in Harare, Zimbabwe. Built in 1996, it might not be as visually impressive as the Sagrada Familia. However, the building is an excellent example of biomimicry. Due to the hot climate of Harare, air conditioning systems can be very costly to install, run, and maintain. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
29. 영능김1 5-5
Also, the soil surrounding the mound absorbs heat in the hot daytime hours.
(A) Therefore, the temperature inside the mound does not increase greatly and stays relatively cool. At night, when the outside temperature goes down, the heat is finally released. This process inspired Pearce to design an innovative climate control system. The Eastgate Centre was constructed without a conventional cooling system. 0
(B) There are openings near the base of the building, and outside air comes into the building through them. This air is moved through the building by a system of automatic fans. Eventually, the air, along with heat generated by human activity during the day, rises upward through the building's internal open spaces and is released through chimneys on the roof. 2
(C) Instead, Pearce used building materials that can store large amounts of heat. The floors and walls of the building absorb heat during the day, just like the soil of a termite mound. The heat is released at night, and the walls cool down, ready to store heat again by the next morning. The structure of the building also helps keep the building cool. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
30. 영능김1 5-6
As a result, the building has not only cool temperatures but also fresh air.
(A) Using biomimicry in architecture is just one way that humans are utilizing the lessons of nature to improve the way we do things. Biomimicry is also being used to solve problems in the fields of robotics, agriculture, and many others. 1
(B) More importantly, the Eastgate Centre uses far less energy than other buildings, which saves money and helps protect the environment from pollution. Without the inspiration Pearce received from tiny termites, none of this would have been possible. 0
(C) Imitating the ideas of nature not only helps solve problems, but it also makes us feel closer to nature. As a result, humans are more likely to stop destroying the environment and start becoming part of it instead. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
31. 영능김1 SP-1
Coach Ken Carter takes over the head coaching job for the Richmond High School basketball team.
(A) Maybe I should speak louder. I'm Ken Carter, your new basketball coach. (One of the players tosses a ball to another player, ignoring Coach Carter.) You, what's your name, sir? Lyle: Jason Lyle, but I'm not a sir. 2
(B) He comes up with an idea. Carter: Good afternoon, gentlemen. I'm your new basketball coach, Ken Carter. (The players ignore him and chat with each other.) 1
(C) The school is located in a poor neighborhood. Many students at the school drop out and end up living difficult lives. The team has had a losing record for several years, and the team members keep blaming each other for losing. Carter finds out that their problem is not how they play basketball, but that they lack respect for themselves. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
32. 영능김1 SP-2
Carter: Starting today, you are a sir.
(A) Cruz: This is crazy! By the way, why are you wearing a suit and tie? Carter: What's your name, sir? Cruz: Timo Cruz, sir. Carter: Well, Mr. Cruz, when we treat ourselves with respect. (Cruz does not listen and starts bouncing the ball.) All right, Mr. Cruz, leave the gym right now. 1
(B) You all are. "Sir" is a term of respect. All of you will have my respect until you abuse it. (He gives out some pieces of paper.) These are contracts. If you sign and honor this, we'll be successful. It states that you will attend all of your classes and maintain a 2.3 grade point average. 0
(C) Cruz: Fine. I don't need to listen to you anymore. I quit. (He walks out of the gym.) Carter: Is there anybody else who doesn't want to sign this contract? (Students look at each other. Two more students leave the gym and the others stay.) 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
33. 영능김1 SP-3
Carter teaches the players to stay focused and play together as a team.
(A) Other players: That's impossible! (Cruz starts doing push-ups. Carter continues coaching.) (On Friday) Carter: It's Friday, but you still have 100 push-ups and 100 laps to go. It's time to give up, Mr. Cruz. Lyle: I'll do them for him, Coach. 1
(B) You said we're a team. When one person struggles, we all struggle. When one player triumphs, we all triumph, right? Kenyon: I'll do some, too. Come on, guys, let's help him out! (Other players do push-ups together with Cruz. Carter seems impressed.) 2
(C) Cruz realizes how tough life is off the court and how much basketball means to him. Later, the team wins an inspiring victory while Cruz watches from the crowd. Eventually, he decides to come back. (Cruz comes into the gym.) Cruz: How can I get back on the team? Carter: If you want to rejoin the team, you need to do 1,000 pushups and 1,000 laps around the gym—by Friday. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
34. 영능김1 SP-4
With Cruz back on the team, they go undefeated for the rest of the season, and they even win a big tournament.
(A) What's more important than winning is respecting the rules and taking responsibility for your behavior. If you don't realize that, you'll never succeed or even adjust to the real world. I believe honoring this contract is the first step for you to take responsibility in your life. Now, I want you to go home, look at your lives tonight, and ask yourself, "Do I want a better life?" If the answer is yes, then I promise you I will do everything in my power to get you to a better life. (The athletes are deep in thought.) 2
(B) However, Carter later discovers that some of the students have been skipping classes and getting failing grades. He decides to do something. (In front of the gym door) Kenyon: What's up, Cruz? Cruz: I don't know. This note says that practice has been canceled and the coach is waiting in the school library. Kenyon: The library? I don't even know where the library is! 0
(C) (In the school library) Carter: Gentlemen, in this hand, I have the contracts you signed. In this hand, I have academic progress reports from your teachers. The gym will stay locked until we all satisfy the terms of this contract. Cruz: But why? We're undefeated, and we won the tournament. Didn't you want us to win? Carter: That's not the point. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
35. 영능김1 SP-5
(In Carter's office) Principal: You locked the gym?
(A) Principal: So you take away the one thing that they're good at? We both know that for some of these boys, this basketball season will be the best part of their lives. Carter: Don't you think that's the problem? 2
(B) Are you crazy? Carter: Nobody expects them to go to college, Ms. Garrison. 0
(C) Nobody even expects them to graduate from high school. We need to stop neglecting them and make them realize that they can do more. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
36. 영능김1 SP-6
The coach's act angers the parents who expected the team to keep winning.
(A) Other parents: (shouting) No! Board Chairman: Quiet! Let's hear from Coach Carter. 1
(B) Eventually, the school board confronts Carter. Parent 1: Basketball is all these boys have. Should Carter be allowed to take that away from them? 0
(C) Carter: You really need to consider the message that you're sending these boys: that they are above the law. I'm trying to teach them discipline. If these kids don't honor a simple contract, it won't be long before they're out there in society breaking laws. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
37. 영능김1 SP-7
Despite Carter's speech, the board votes to unlock the gym.
(A) We're going to fulfill the contract, sir. Now we know what's important in life, and it's all because of you. Thank you, sir. Carter: Gentlemen, there's only one way to say this: We've achieved our goal. 1
(B) The team members study hard and raise their grades enough to fulfill the contract. Later, the team competes in the state basketball tournament. The players fail to win the final, but they achieve something far more important:. Belief in themselves, as well as hope for a brighter future in life beyond the basketball court. 2
(C) Carter is about to resign, but he decides to visit the gym one last time. There, he sees something shocking. All the players are studying together. Cruz: Sir, they can open the doors of the gym, but they can't make us play. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
[ANSWER]
1. ③ 2. ③ 3. ② 4. ③ 5. ① 6. ⑤ 7. ② 8. ④ 9. ③ 10. ①
11. ① 12. ① 13. ④ 14. ① 15. ④ 16. ④ 17. ⑤ 18. ③ 19. ① 20. ⑤
21. ④ 22. ⑤ 23. ③ 24. ③ 25. ② 26. ① 27. ④ 28. ⑤ 29. ① 30. ②
31. ⑤ 32. ② 33. ④ 34. ③ 35. ③ 36. ② 37. ④
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영어 능률 김성곤 순서배열 DB
순서배열 DB2020. 7. 10. 22:53
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enk | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58
PARA
1. 영능김 1-1
The Final Touchdown With only two minutes to play, both teams were fighting for the football.
(A) One of the seniors, Ethan, was especially happy. He had never played in any of the games before. Now, Ethan was finally getting the chance to step onto the grass. 1
(B) It was the last home game for the seniors of Winston High, and they were determined to win. Since it had been a close game the whole evening, the best players of each team hadn't left the field. Once Winston High's coach finally knew that victory was theirs, all the seniors on the sidelines were allowed to play for the last few seconds. 0
(C) When the rival team dropped the ball, one of our players recovered it and quickly ran down the field with it. Ethan ran right after him to catch up. As our player got closer to the end zone, he saw Ethan behind him on his left. Instead of running straight ahead, the player kindly passed the ball to Ethan so that he could score a touchdown. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. 영능김 1-2
All eyes were on Ethan.
(A) Ethan's touchdown didn't win the game, but it will be worth remembering. By now you're probably wondering why. 2
(B) With the ball in his hands, everything seemed to be moving in slow motion, like in a Hollywood movie. People kept their eyes on him as he made his way to the end zone. They saw him cross the goal line right before the clock ran out. 0
(C) Unexpectedly, everyone in the crowd leapt to their feet with their hands in the air. They were bursting with excited shouts and unending cheers for Ethan. In this moment, all of Ethan's hard work and dedication was being rewarded with glory. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. 영능김 1-3
Well, Ethan is only five feet tall, and his legs unnaturally bend away from each other.
(A) It is difficult for him to walk, run, or move around. Because of his condition, he decided to leave his crowded high school in the big city. 0
(B) The coach wasn't sure at first, but in the end he allowed Ethan to come to practice. Regardless of his physical difficulties, Ethan worked just as hard as every other player on the team. Although he knew he would never be a valuable player in any of the team's games, he poured his heart and soul into practice every day. 2
(C) He moved to our school in the middle of his first year in high school. That following summer, he asked the coach if he could join the football team as a sophomore. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. 영능김 1-4
Over time, however, Ethan became valuable to the team in different ways.
(A) His passion for the game was an inspiration to all his teammates. Because Ethan motivated and encouraged them, they became his most passionate fans. Day in and day out, seeing Ethan's smile, positive attitude, and hard work lifted everyone's spirits. 0
(B) He always observed each play carefully from the sidelines. Although he wasn't the one making the actual plays on the field, Ethan's mind was always right there with his teammates. Everyone could sense his love for football, and the coaches admired his commitment. 2
(C) Right before every game, Ethan would always be in the middle of the group offering motivational words. He had a special talent for calming people down and bringing out the best in them. Ethan was also Winston High's loudest supporter. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. 영능김 1-5
For the past three years, Ethan has been schooling us all in the game of life.
(A) Yes, sometimes there is something better than being the best. 2
(B) He always reminds us that everyone is important to a team's success, though their role on the team may be small. Instead of putting all his efforts into trying to be the team's best player, he has done everything he can to make the team better. 0
(C) As Ethan has shown us, lifting up those around us is also of great worth. When we help others shine, their light will shine on us in return. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. 영능김 2-1
From Trash to Treasure Every day during lunch, Jamie enjoys a soft drink and has a decision to make:.
(A) So, what about trying to creatively reuse, or "upcycle," them instead? This new approach is becoming more popular since it is even more environmentally friendly than recycling. What's more, it can also be fun! Here are some inspiring examples of how people have creatively upcycled old, used things. 2
(B) What should he do with the empty can? Many people would answer, "Recycle it!" Obviously, recycling is good for many reasons. 0
(C) We can reduce the amount of trash thrown away, use less energy than we would to make new products, and conserve natural resources by recycling. However, recycling is not a perfect way to manage waste. It still requires large amounts of energy to purify used resources and convert them into new products. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. 영능김 2-2
Through upcycling, a seemingly useless object can be transformed into something completely different that is useful for everyday life.
(A) To solve this problem, Parsons and his team are turning them into sandal bottoms. They then use canvas and natural materials to make the other sandal parts. What a great reuse of resources! 2
(B) These bags are perfect for bicyclists going to work every day in all kinds of weather. Similarly, a man named Kyle Parsons and his partners have been creatively reusing old motorcycle tires from Bali, Indonesia. A shocking number of tires get thrown away there every year, and they are a serious environmental problem since they cannot decompose or be recycled. 1
(C) What do you think can be done with old truck tarps, car seat belts, and bicycle inner tubes? Individually, these things look like trash, but with a little imagination the Freitag brothers, Markus and Daniel, repurpose them for something totally new:. very strong bags. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. 영능김 2-3
Along with small everyday items, much bigger things can also be upcycled—.
(A) Can you believe a building for melting metal is now a viewing platform with a gorgeous 360-degree view? The final result is the Landscape Park Duisburg Nord. It has almost 570 acres of land filled with gardens, cycling paths, and pretty lights at night, in addition to its creatively repurposed buildings. This park proves that it's possible to preserve the heritage of a place as well as the environment. 2
(B) Many of the buildings kept their original shapes, but received extra equipment and new designs in their surrounding areas. For instance, old gas tanks became pools for divers. Concrete walls of iron storage towers were turned into ideal training fields for rock climbers. 1
(C) even old buildings that cannot be used for their original purpose anymore. The German government showed us an excellent example of this with a former steel plant that closed in 1985. Rather than destroy the plant's buildings or abandon the entire facility, they decided to give it new meaning as a series of useful public structures. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. 영능김 2-4
When artists add their own creative touches, things that most people consider junk are reborn as beautiful works of art.
(A) From farther away, however, they appear to blend together into marvelous landscapes or other paintings. There is also an artist who shows that even disposable cups can be reused as artistic material. 1
(B) The giant pictures made from trash by environmental artist Tom Deininger are one of a kind. Up close, these brightly colored creations look like a mixed-up mess of broken plastic, unwanted toys, and bent wire—all things that cannot be recycled. 0
(C) For years, Gwyneth Leech has turned used coffee cups into brilliant art exhibits. After a cup is used by someone, she paints a unique design on it and hangs it with many other painted cups in front of a window or pretty background. These works from Leech and Deininger are not only pleasing to the eye, but they also naturally provoke an interest in environmental conservation in people. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. 영능김 2-5
As you can see, creative thinking has the power to make many positive changes to the environment.
(A) Perhaps he could upcycle them to make lanterns, toys, or sculptures for his friends and family. The options are endless, and all he needs is a little creativity to think of them. 1
(B) By giving old products more value, we can lessen the amount of waste in a way that is even more eco-friendly than recycling. So what would you say to Jamie now as he decides what to do with his cans? 0
(C) In the same way, stop and think before you throw something out. Who knows? Maybe you can turn that trash into treasure. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. 영능김 3-1
Art Heals Has a painting, a movie, or a novel ever made you feel better?
(A) When you are angry or irritated Henri Matisse, Harmony in Red. 2
(B) As you will see, the use of color, different perspectives, and engaging plots can have an uplifting effect on your mind, body, and soul. 1
(C) Taking medicine can help you deal with your emotions and relieve your worries, but sometimes art might actually be the cure you're looking for. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. 영능김 3-2
Many people think that they should look at calming colors when they are angry or irritated.
(A) Because the color red excites the emotions, they may think that looking at it will make them angrier. However, this picture shows that the opposite can be true. By looking at the color red here, you can release your anger. This picture is actually helping you calm down. 0
(B) At the same time, the green and blue space outside the window causes healing and relaxing feelings. The existence of these cool colors actually makes the "heaviness" of the red colors appear a bit lighter. Although the color red is dominant, it works together with the various contrasting colors to form a harmony. Seeing this balance keeps you from becoming overwhelmed by your emotions and helps you overcome your anger. As the painting's title suggests, this must be the power of the harmony in red. 2
(C) The woman in the picture is standing in a vividly red room and is placing fruit in a bowl. She seems to be carrying on her work in silence. As you watch the woman working dutifully at her task in this red room, your anger melts away instead of getting worse. In addition, the yellow fruit on the table brings out positive and cheerful emotions. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. 영능김 3-3
When you lack confidence The Secret Life of Walter Mitty Walter Mitty has developed the pictures used on the front cover of Life magazine for the past sixteen years.
(A) Unfortunately, the picture for the final cover is missing. Walter decides to hit the road to find the picture. He believes the photographer still has it and follows his trail. 1
(B) This is how Walter's wild dash across Greenland, Iceland, and the Himalayas begins. During this adventure, he survives a volcanic eruption and a fall from a helicopter. Although he finally finds the photographer, Walter realizes he has, more importantly, become the person he always imagined he could be. 2
(C) Other than that, he leads a boring life filled with daydreams. However, his world is about to change:. Life will soon become an online-only publication. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. 영능김 3-4
Learn from Walter.
(A) Once you begin making bold choices, courage will follow. All you need is motivation and this is already inside of you. So start living! This movie will remind you that your dreams are ready whenever you are. 2
(B) There is no such thing as the right moment. Create your own opportunities, and everything will fall into place. Don't worry about not being brave enough—. 1
(C) Don't sit around and dream about your next adventure—. Just go ahead and make it happen. Don't wait for the right moment—. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. 영능김 3-5
When you feel like you don't fit in Richard Bach, Jonathan Livingston Seagull Jonathan Livingston Seagull knows that he's different from others.
(A) Instead, they look at him coldly as they now consider him unfit to be a part of the flock. Jonathan tries his best to rejoin the flock, but he's no longer satisfied flying in formation with the other seagulls as he knows how wonderful soaring above the clouds really feels. If you have ever felt a little bit different, take Jonathan Livingston Seagull's message to heart. Don't be afraid of being different. 1
(B) There is no need to apologize for being the way you are. This is what makes you special. Once you embrace what makes you different, learn as much as you can about it. Keep perfecting that special skill that makes you different from the rest of the crowd. 2
(C) Instead of fighting over food with the other seagulls, Jonathan spends all his time learning about flying. Every day, he practices new skills by rolling, spinning, and diving high above the sea. During one of his practices, Jonathan flies through his flock. He expects the others to praise his amazing ability. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. 영능김 4-1
Put a Roof over Someone's Head Sometimes you may feel upset when you wake up suddenly from a nightmare, but you can always let out a sigh of relief.
(A) Many people around the world I don't wake up in a soft and comfortable bed. Instead, they open their eyes to see a dirt floor or a leaking roof. I didn't realize for a long time that something I take for granted could be someone else's biggest dream. 2
(B) No matter how scary the dream was, at least you've woken up safe and sound in your own home. You can go back to sleep because you know your loved ones are just around the corner in their own beds. 0
(C) Your home is a special place that protects you and your family from everything. Unfortunately, this is not a reality that everyone shares. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. 영능김 4-2
One day, I learned about a program that needed volunteers to go to different parts of the world to help build houses for the poor.
(A) I was going to find out soon enough. The volunteers and I got to meet the family that would be moving into the home we were going to build the day after we arrived in Karjat, India. This family of five was living in a one-room hut. It was quite clear that this place was not big enough to house all the family members. 1
(B) In addition to that, there were jars everywhere to catch all the rainwater dripping from the roof. With all these jars on the floor, there was hardly any space to sit, let alone lie down. It was shocking to see how they were living. After meeting them, I felt even more determined to build them a beautiful home. 2
(C) After watching a presentation about it, I was really touched by the mission, so I decided to take part in the next volunteer trip. I had my doubts, though. I didn't know anything about construction, and we'd only be there for two weeks. Could we really change these people's lives as the presentation had suggested? 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. 영능김 4-3
There were clear skies and temperatures over 30˚C that first week.
(A) It was the best way to end such an incredible experience. The entire community was there. Everyone was dancing or crying tears of joy. I will never forget the looks on the faces of the family as they waved goodbye to us. 2
(B) Under the burning sun, we carried bricks, mixed concrete, and dug holes for pipes. We had to slowly take apart the family's hut to get more bricks and other materials for the new house. Every morning, the family and their neighbors would provide breakfast for everyone. Then, all of us—the volunteers, community members, and the family—would start working. 0
(C) We would share food and stories from time to time. When evening came, we were all very tired and sweaty, but we were happy. After another week, the home was finally finished. On the last day, we had a party to celebrate the completion of the new house. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. 영능김 4-4
As I look back on this trip, I find it amazing that so many different people came together to build a house for a family they'd never met.
(A) I thought I was there to give, but I received so much more in return. This experience has inspired me to continue building houses for others. I hope it will also encourage my friends and family members to help out in the future.2
(B) I'm thankful for the friendships I've made through this trip. In addition, I learned so much from the other volunteers, the community members, and this family. 1
(C) For many of us, it was the first time we'd ever built a house. The work was hard, but not one person ever stopped smiling or even complained. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. 영능김 4-5
Although two weeks may not seem like a long time, I had the chance to make new friends, learn about a different culture, and, most importantly, do something that makes the lives of others better.
(A) Right now, there are still many people around the world without a place to live. They are the reason why ordinary people like me want to go out there and help put a roof over their head. 2
(B) I am so glad that this family now has a safe place where they can lay their heads. 0
(C) I believe everyone deserves a decent home. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. 영능김 5-1
Three Questions There was once a king who wanted to know three things; the right time to do everything, the most necessary people to pay attention to, and the most important thing to do.
(A) Many people traveled to his palace, but they all provided different answers to his questions. Regarding the first question, some said that the king should make a detailed schedule so that he could always know the perfect time to do everything. 1
(B) He thought that knowing these things would ensure his success. He announced that he would reward anyone who could teach him these things.0
(C) Others claimed that he should take every situation into account and wait for the precise moment to act. Still others suggested that he should consult wise men. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. 영능김 5-2
Equally various were the answers to the second question.
(A) The hermit lived in a forest and met only ordinary folk, so the king disguised himself as a simple peasant. He ordered his bodyguards to stay behind while he went on alone to seek out the hermit. Reaching the hermit's hut, the king found the old man digging in his garden. The hermit greeted the king and continued digging. 1
(B) Some said that the members of the king's council were the most important people, while others mentioned priests, doctors, or warriors. In response to the third question, some replied that science was the most important thing, whereas others insisted that it was war or religious worship. The king was not pleased with any of the answers. Still wishing to find the best answers to his questions, the king decided to visit an old hermit who was famous for his wisdom. 0
(C) The king said, "I have come here to ask you three questions. How can I learn the right time to do everything? Whom do I most need to pay attention to? Finally, what is the most important thing to do?" 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. 영능김 5-3
The hermit listened carefully but declined to respond.
(A) "You must be tired," the king said,"Let me help you with that." The hermit thanked him, handing the king his spade. The king worked for a long time, while the hermit watched him silently. Eventually, as the sun was setting, the king stopped and said, "I came to you for answers to my questions. 0
(B) When the man reached the king, he fell down. The king could see blood flowing from a large wound in his stomach. The king washed and bandaged the wound, and then he and the hermit carried the man into the hut. The man closed his eyes and fell asleep. Because he was completely exhausted, the king also lay down and slept. 2
(C) If you can give me none, please let me know so that I can return home." "Someone is running toward us," the hermit said. "Let's see who it is." The king turned and saw a man running out of the woods. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. 영능김 5-4
When he awoke in the morning, the man was staring at him.
(A) "Forgive me," the man begged. "I don't know you, and I have no reason to forgive you," the king replied. "You might not know me, but I know you," the man answered. 0
(B) Although I escaped, I would have died if you hadn't saved my life. Now, my sons and I will serve you forever." Pleased to have made friends with his enemy so easily, the king forgave the man and promised to restore his property. After the man left, the king went outside to talk to the hermit. 2
(C) "During the last war, you killed my brother and took my property. When I knew that you had gone to see the hermit, I decided to kill you on your way back. However, I came across your bodyguards, who recognized me and wounded me. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. 영능김 5-5
"For the last time, I beg you to answer my questions," the king said.
(A) Later, the most important time was when you cared for the man. If you hadn't helped him, he would've died, so he was the most important person, and helping him was the most important thing. Remember, there is only one time that is important; now! The person that you are with is the most important person, and doing that person good is the most important thing."2
(B) "They've already been answered," said the hermit. "What do you mean?" the king asked. 0
(C) "If you hadn't helped me, you would've left, and that man would've attacked you. Therefore, the most important time was when you were digging. I was the most important person, and helping me was the most important thing. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. 영능김 6-1
Against All Odds Towering over the East River, the Brooklyn Bridge is one of New York City's famous landmarks.
(A) This is the story of how the Roeblings built the Brooklyn Bridge. In the 1860s, the populations of Manhattan and Brooklyn were rapidly increasing, and so was the number of the commuters between them. Thousands of people took boats and ferries across the East River every day, but these forms of transport were unstable and frequently stopped by bad weather. 1
(B) Many New Yorkers wanted to have a bridge directly connecting Manhattan and Brooklyn because it would make their commute quicker and safer. Unfortunately, because of the East River's great width and rough tides, it would be difficult to build anything on it. It was also a very busy river at that time, with hundreds of ships constantly sailing on it. 2
(C) Nowadays, many people take it for granted, but back in the 1800s it was something people only dreamt of. The bridge's construction cost more than $320 million in today's money and the lives of over two dozen people. In particular, the family in charge of the project paid a high price to create the impressive bridge we all know and love today. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. 영능김 6-2
Any bridge over the river would need to be a very high suspension bridge.
(A) However, he was involved in a ferry accident later that year and died of an infection not long after. It looked like his ambitious plan was destined to fail shortly after it had been launched. 2
(B) In addition, he planned to build two large stone towers to hold up the bridge's road and allow people to walk across it. If his ideas worked, the final result would be the longest, strongest suspension bridge ever built. John's ambition inspired people, so construction began in 1869. 1
(C) Considering the limited technology in those days, building such a bridge seemed impossible. That is, people thought it was impossible until John Roebling, an expert at building suspension bridges, accepted the challenge. John proposed the use of steel cables - instead of iron ones - that would be six times stronger than needed to support the bridge. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. 영능김 6-3
Luckily, John's role as chief engineer was succeeded by his son, Washington Roebling.
(A) Many died or were permanently injured by a serious disease called "the bends," including Washington Roebling. In 1872, he developed this disease and was unable to move easily or visit the construction sites throughout the rest of the project. Other people would have quit at that point, but not Washington. 1
(B) Because he had built bridges with his father and studied bridge construction in Europe, he believed in John's dream. At that time, the foundations for the bridge's two towers were being built in the East River, which was extremely difficult and dangerous work. Workers had to stay at the bottom of the river in a waterproof box with little light and constant danger. 0
(C) He continued to supervise the bridge building for years by watching it through a telescope from his bedroom. However, there were still many things he could not do despite all his efforts. Once again, the project seemed likely to be abandoned. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
29. 영능김 6-4
To everyone's amazement, yet another Roebling stepped in to save the bridge.
(A) By the time the bridge was finished in 1883, Emily was carrying out many of the chief engineer's duties, which was unprecedented for a woman in those days. Many people praised her contributions to the project, and she became the first person to cross the bridge. It was the moment she, Washington, John, and everyone else who built the bridge had worked so hard for. 2
(B) As her husband's health failed, though, Emily began passing his instructions to the assistant engineers and bringing back their construction reports. In the process, she naturally picked up a lot of information about bridge building. With his assistance, she also studied higher mathematics and engineering so hard that she became an expert in them without ever going to college! 1
(C) This time, it was Washington's wife, Emily Warren Roebling. She believed in what her family had started, and she was determined to see it through. Before marriage, she knew almost nothing about engineering. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
30. 영능김 6-5
To this day, the Brooklyn Bridge stands as evidence of the Roebling family's persistence.
(A) These amazing people made incredible sacrifices and overcame all obstacles to complete a project that seemed impossible to others. 0
(B) 2
(C) Not only did they prove their doubters wrong, but they also achieved an accomplishment that inspired us to do the impossible. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
31. 영능김 7-1
Hanji, Korea's Paper Until 1966, no one knew that the Mugujeonggwang Daedaranigyeong, the world's oldest printed document, lay inside a container at Bulguksa Temple in Gyeongju, Korea.
(A) Experts around the world were shocked that a document printed more than 1,200 years ago could still be around. They were even more surprised when the paper was removed from the container. 0
(B) How could this paper last for more than 1,000 years without breaking down or becoming damaged? The secret lies in hanji's amazing physical properties. 2
(C) Although the document was printed before 751 CE, it was still in perfect condition. This discovery proved that the paper-making technology of the Unified Silla Kingdom era (676–935) was more advanced than that of either Japan or China, both of which also had highly developed paper-making technology. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
32. 영능김 7-2
Hanji is traditionally made from the bark of the mulberry tree.
(A) Through a number of complex processes, the tree bark is made into a paper that is very durable and hard to tear. On the other hand, Western paper, which is made from pulp, begins to fall apart and becomes unusable after 100 years. 0
(B) The paper also absorbs water and ink very well, so there is no bleeding. 2
(C) It's easy to understand why Koreans created the old saying about hanji; "Paper lasts a thousand years, while silk endures five hundred." In addition to lasting a long time, hanji keeps heat and sound in but allows air to flow through it easily. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
33. 영능김 7-3
Because of hanji's characteristics, Koreans could see early on that it was more than just something to write on.
(A) Back then, people would put many layers of hanji together to make suits of armor. This armor, called jigap, was tough enough to stop arrows. With so many uses, hanji is naturally considered an invaluable part of Korean history and culture. 1
(B) Though the tide of modernization seems to have made people forget about this paper's outstanding qualities, hanji has endured and remains relevant today. In recent years, finding even more functions and purposes for hanji has become a trend. 2
(C) Since ancient times, they have glued this paper to the walls, door frames, and floors of their homes. Koreans have also used it to make furniture, lanterns, wedding accessories, and boxes. Due to its durability, hanji was even used in battle. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
34. 영능김 7-4
Lately, designers have been using hanji to make clothes, socks, and ties.
(A) It seems that hanji clothing is here to stay. One of hanji's newest uses is a treat for the ears. Customers can now buy speakers that use vibration plates and outside panels made of hanji. Compared to regular speakers, the sound that comes from hanji speakers is stronger and sharper. 1
(B) The fabric these designers are using is a blend of hanji yarn with cotton or silk. This blend is almost weightless and keeps its shape better than other materials. It is also washable and eco-friendly. Not only is hanji clothing practical, but it's also making waves at domestic and international fashion shows. 0
(C) The paper's thickness and ability to absorb sound help the speakers pick up the smallest vibrations. In addition, the fact that the sound will not change over time because of the strength of hanji makes these speakers a great purchase. Serious music lovers will really be able to appreciate the great sound quality of these speakers. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
35. 영능김 7-5
And now, in one of its most innovative uses yet, hanji may soon be traveling into outer space.
(A) Scientists hope to use hanji in the future for space probes since it is less expensive and lighter than the currently used materials. As you can see, people keep transforming hanji for countless uses. 1
(B) Its ability to adapt to the needs of every generation has led to the revival of this traditional paper. So long as hanji continues to be treasured, there may be no limit to how it will be enjoyed in the future. 2
(C) Korea and the U.S. are planning to use hanji on robots and spacecraft through a joint project supported by NASA. The paper has special properties that will help protect spacecraft from the harmful rays of the sun. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
36. 영능김 8-1
How Teens Make Decisions Host; Hello, everyone!
(A) Teens are more likely to make these types of decisions than adults. With the help of our guest, we'll learn why teens tend to act before thinking everything through. Now, here's our guest for tonight, Dr Jenny Clarkson! Thank you for joining us, doctor! Dr C; Thank you for having me, Joseph! 2
(B) You say some harsh things that you normally wouldn't say. You're so angry that you don't care. When you're about to push "send," you think about whether it's a good idea. Before you know it, you've sent the message anyway. 1
(C) Welcome to The Dr Brain Show. I'm your host, Joseph Emerson. Can you think back to a time when a friend upset you? Let's imagine that you decided to write an angry message to that friend. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
37. 영능김 8-2
Host; Dr Clarkson, could you first tell us about how we make decisions?
(A) However, studies show that some parts of the brain continue to develop until the early twenties. That means teens' brains are still maturing and not completely developed. This may be why teens seem to make risky decisions. 2
(B) Dr C; Sure, It seems like we make decisions almost immediately, but our brain actually has to go through several steps before deciding anything. Neurons, which are special brain cells, make up different structures in our brains. These structures send signals to each other. After the structures finish evaluating all the signals, they will send out a response that will tell our body what to do. 0
(C) Host; I see. Does this process happen exactly the same way in everyone's brain? Dr C; People basically go through the same decision-making process, but there is a slight difference between teens and adults. Scientists used to think that the brain was done growing by the time you turned 12 since the brain reaches its maximum size around that age. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
38. 영능김 8-3
Host; Very interesting!
(A) Please tell us more about the relationship between their brains and their decision-making. Dr C; Well, the region that controls emotions matures faster than the part of the brain that helps you think ahead and measure risk.0
(B) Host; So what you're saying is teens are likely to make choices based on their feelings since their brains are not fully developed. 2
(C) Teens therefore rely on it heavily, which means they are influenced more by feelings and instincts than by reason when making decisions. In other words, teens are usually not inclined to consider all the consequences of their actions, so they make choices that they end up regretting. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
39. 영능김 8-4
Dr C; That's right.
(A) For example, if teens aren't reading, doing experiments, or solving problems, then the brain will get rid of the connections that are related to those activities. Once those are gone, their brains will put more energy into making other connections stronger. Host; So, do you mean that the activities teens are involved in can shape the way their brains develop? 1
(B) However, this is not the whole story. Teens' brains are also going through other important changes. Their brains are constantly identifying and removing any weak connections between neurons. 0
(C) Dr C; Exactly, This is why the types of activities teens choose to participate in are especially important. If a teen decides to play sports or learn an instrument, then the brain will strengthen those connections. On the other hand, if he or she chooses to surf the Internet or play online games all day long, then those connections will survive instead. The harder teens work at building good habits, the stronger those connections in their brains will be. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
40. 영능김 8-5
Host; I see.
(A) We hope the information you've shared will help our viewers at home make more reasonable choices in the future. That's it for The Dr Brain Show tonight. Good night, everyone! 2
(B) Do you have any final comments for our viewers? Dr C; If we view the adolescent period as merely a process of becoming mature, then it's easy to dismiss it as a passing phase. However, we shouldn't look at the changes that occur in teens' brains only in terms of maturity. 0
(C) Adolescence is also a period when significant changes happen in the brain that help new abilities appear. Therefore, adolescence is not a stage to simply get through, but an important stage in people's lives where they can develop many qualities and abilities, and shape their future. Host; Thank you for your insight, Dr Clarkson! 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
[ANSWER]
1. ② 2. ③ 3. ① 4. ① 5. ③ 6. ③ 7. ⑤ 8. ⑤ 9. ② 10. ②
11. ⑤ 12. ① 13. ④ 14. ⑤ 15. ④ 16. ③ 17. ④ 18. ③ 19. ⑤ 20. ③
21. ② 22. ② 23. ① 24. ① 25. ③ 26. ④ 27. ⑤ 28. ② 29. ⑤ 30. ①
31. ① 32. ① 33. ④ 34. ② 35. ④ 36. ⑤ 37. ③ 38. ① 39. ② 40. ③
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순서배열 DB2020. 7. 10. 22:52
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evh1 | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58
PARA
1. EVH1 1-1
From time to time, you are told by parents or teachers to "think outside the box."
(A) Looking at a problem from a different perspective can lead you to a new approach to handle the problem. It truly works. 1
(B) To this, you may say, "Easier said than done." But try it. 0
(C) The following stories show how changing your perspective can change your life. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. EVH1 1-2
A professor walked around on a stage while teaching.
(A) If I hold it for a minute or two, it's fairly light. If I hold it for an hour, it may make my arm ache. If I hold it for an entire day, my arm will likely cramp up, which will force me to eventually drop the glass. In each case, the weight of the glass doesn't change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it feels to me." 1
(B) "Some of your worries are like this glass of water. Think about them for a short while, and nothing happens. Think about them a bit longer, and you begin to ache a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel numb and be incapable of doing anything else until you drop them." 2
(C) She raised a glass of water and asked, "How heavy is this glass of water?" Students shouted out various answers. She replied, "From my perspective, the weight of this glass doesn't matter. It all depends on how long I hold it. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. EVH1 1-3
One day, a daughter complained to her father about the problems she was struggling with.
(A) Shortly after, she found that the potatoes became soft. After peeling off the shells of the eggs, she noted that the inside of the eggs became firm. Finally, she took a sip of the coffee and smiled at the aroma. 2
(B) She was frustrated because it seemed that just as one problem was solved, another followed. Her father took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed potatoes, eggs, and ground coffee beans in each of the three pots. He then let them boil. 0
(C) After twenty minutes, he turned off the stove. Turning to her, he asked, "What do you see?" "Potatoes, eggs, and coffee," she hastily replied. "Yes, but look closer," he said, "and tell me what happened to each." 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. EVH1 1-4
"Alright, Dad.
(A) The ground coffee beans stayed intact but changed the water itself, making it fragrant and flavorful." "Which are you?" he asked his daughter, "When adversity knocks on your door, how do you respond? You can lose your strength though you started strong. 1
(B) You can be tough with a stiff spirit though you started weak. Or, you can change the circumstance that was brought about by adversity for the better. Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean?" 2
(C) What are you trying to tell me？" she asked. He explained that each of these objects had faced the same adversity, but each one reacted differently. "The potato was strong and hard, but became soft and weak after sitting in the boiling water. The inside of the egg was fragile but became hardened after being boiled in the water. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. EVH1 1-5
Once upon a time, there lived a young athletic boy who prepared himself for a running competition.
(A) He ran with determination, strength, and power, and always beat other competitors. Whenever the boy was running for a prize, a large crowd gathered together to watch the race. A wise old man, upon hearing of the boy, had traveled far to watch his races. Though the crowd cheered loudly for the boy, the wise man stayed still and calm, expressing no sentiment. 0
(B) "Race！" said the wise man. The race began, and the boy was the only finisher because the elderly lady and the blind man were left standing at the starting line. The little boy noted that the crowd did not cheer for him this time, which puzzled him. In the middle of the crowd was sitting the wise old man, looking calmly at the boy. He ran to the wise man and asked, "Why don't people cheer for me now?" 2
(C) The little boy felt proud and important. "I can beat anyone！" cried the little boy. After hearing this, the wise man said to him, "Now I present two new challengers to you." Behind him were an elderly lady and a blind man. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. EVH1 1-6
"Race again," replied the wise man, "but this time, finish together."
(A) The wise man smiled. He said, "Well done, little boy. You've won a lot more in this race than in any other you've run before. 1
(B) The little boy stood between the blind man and the elderly lady, holding them arm in arm. The race began, and the little boy walked slowly with the others. When they crossed the finishing line, the crowd cheered loudly and waved at the boy. 0
(C) You are a real winner." Now the little boy was greatly delighted, and he felt proud and important again. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. EVH1 2-1
Our intangible cultural heritage is a bridge linking our past and our future.
(A) Intangible cultural heritage is a precious asset for communities, groups, and individuals across the world. Only they can protect it and pass it on to tomorrow's generations. 1
(B) The following pages offer an insight into the great diversity of humanity's living heritage across the world. At a time of rapid and profound change, we must strengthen our resolve and take action to preserve this heritage for the benefit of future generations. 2
(C) It is the way we understand the world and the means by which we shape it. It is rooted in our cultural identities and provides a foundation of wisdom and knowledge upon which to build sustainable development for all. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. EVH1 2-2
In the months between spring and autumn, people in Catalonia, Spain build castells during street festivals.
(A) When the last person reaches the top and waves his or her hands, the crowd below shouts and cheers. 2
(B) A castell is a tower of people standing on each other's shoulders, often raised as high as ten levels. The formation of the bottom base or pinya is the first step in building a castell. 0
(C) Anybody who is willing to help, from children to senior citizens, can be part of the pinya by supporting the tower and protecting it from collapsing. When the pinya is formed, each level is added one after another. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. EVH1 2-3
Building a castell means a lot to Catalonians.
(A) The knowledge about how to build castells is accumulated over generations and handed down from generation to generation within a community, and can only be learned by practice. Building one provides people with a strong sense of belonging and a heightened spirit of teamwork and cooperation. 0
(B) At a time when individual-based activities dominate most people's leisure time, this Catalan practice does seem to deserve serious attention. 2
(C) A castell requires between 75 and 500 people to build, all of whom wear a group color. The color is a proud element of a community, and young children long for the day when they can wear a shirt and play their role in building their group's castell. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. EVH1 2-4
Gingerbread broadly refers to any type of baked treat that is typically flavored with ginger and honey.
(A) Bake the shaped dough until it turns light yellow in color. Put a string between two baked licitars. Dip the stringed licitars into the glaze and hang them until they dry. Decorate each licitar with a picture, a mirror, or flowers. 2
(B) The custom of giving licitars is deeply rooted in Croatian tradition. Licitars are not only a tasty dessert, but they are also an artistic expression. How to Make Licitars. Prepare dough and let it mature for a few days. Then roll the dough out and shape it in molds. 1
(C) The process of making a licitar, a type of Croatian gingerbread, is special because it requires skill and endurance. The dough matures for a few days, then is shaped in molds and baked, and then left for two weeks to dry. Coloring is the next step, after which a second drying takes place. Once dried, the licitars are decorated. Licitars are given as gifts for wedding guests, or they can be used as decorations. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. EVH1 2-5
A licitar is uniquely Croatian because of the long history and the social role it has played.
(A) In this way, every generation is able to leave its mark in each gingerbread they make. Licitar makers play an important social function, too. 1
(B) Gingerbread craftspeople appear at most festivals and fairs in Croatia. People watch cookies being made and socialize. In a time when local cultures are losing their unique identities, Croatian gingerbread craftsmanship provides us with a new perspective on traditional culture. 2
(C) Croatians learned the recipe during the 16th century from their neighbors in the eastern Alps and went a step further to develop their own. Since then, making licitars has become a family tradition where secrets are passed down from generation to generation. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. EVH1 2-6
Tugging has long been practiced as a kind of ritual in many agricultural regions across Asia.
(A) It takes place during the New Year holidays in April in the open space of a Buddhist temple or a village center. In the Philippines, punnuk is held in the Hapao River, where people tug young trees that are tightly bundled with vines and hooked to a straw figure in the middle. 1
(B) The way the ritual is performed varies from place to place. In Cambodia, the ritual involves men tugging against women. 0
(C) In Vietnam, bamboo poles can be used for tugging. In Korean juldarigi, making a rice straw rope as well as moving it to a ritual site is part of the tradition. The rope stands for a dragon which is believed to bring rain to the region. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. EVH1 2-7
The tugging rituals in Asia are mostly held by rice farmers, who wish for enough rainfall and abundant harvests, so the rituals can be regarded as a form of prayer in the region.
(A) They are also performed as a way of expressing their appreciation for a good harvest. 0
(B) While preparing for the rituals and performing them, participants realize the importance of solidarity, cooperation, and harmony among community members. 2
(C) There is no intentional competitive element inherent in the rituals, and winning or losing is not emphasized. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. EVH1 3-1
Human beings are capable of doing amazing things through sports.
(A) Whatever we do on earth, however, is governed by the rules of nature. In fact, science can explain a lot about the magic in sports. 2
(B) The precision and power they show seem like magic. 1
(C) Look at sprinters running through the field or baseballs flying into the catcher's glove. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. EVH1 3-2
How Fast Can a Human Run 100 Meters?
(A) So what is the limit to how fast a human can run 100 meters? Sports scientists say that sprinters' speed is influenced by how hard they hit the ground with their feet and by how many steps they take. 1
(B) Cheetahs do not hit the ground as hard as humans, but they can take twice as many steps as we do. This is why they can run fast. 2
(C) Usain Bolt, the Jamaican sprinter, broke the world record for the 100-meter sprint in 2009, clocking a time of 9.58 seconds. Animals like the adult cheetah can run 100 meters in about six seconds. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. EVH1 3-3
The problem for humans is that the harder they hit the ground, the more time they spend in the air, which makes their steps longer but reduces the number of steps they can take.
(A) Therefore, maximum running speed is attained when the combination of force applied to the ground and stride frequency is optimal. 0
(B) Many experts predict, however, that a human being could probably run the 100-meter sprint in just over nine seconds. Maybe future technology will help runners run even faster than they do today. 2
(C) Unfortunately, this combination also depends on the runner's size, leg length, and other factors that vary among individuals. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. EVH1 3-4
Why Do Curlers Sweep the Ice?
(A) The sweepers stop as the rock settles into the house. "Nice job!" All four players bump fists indicating success. Have you guessed the sport? 1
(B) It's called curling. One might expect that a curling stone sliding across the ice would continue in a straight line according to Newton's first law of motion. However, the stone will begin to curl when it loses its speed even though it is three or four times as heavy as a bowling ball. This is why players have to direct the stone's path carefully, and they do this by sweeping. 2
(C) "Hurry! Hurry up!" Two people with brooms furiously sweep the ice in front of a rock that slides across a sheet of ice. "Whoa!" 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. EVH1 3-5
By rubbing the ice with the broom, the sweepers are generating heat to reduce friction between the stone and the ice.
(A) If the sweepers stop, the stone begins to curl again. 1
(B) This results in the stone going straighter and farther. 0
(C) Although the house—the area where the curlers aim the stone—is often blocked by an opponent's stone, curling teams can actually guide one stone behind another, which is one of the major strategic elements to the game. The precision with which the team can control the direction and speed of the stone is a major factor in the strategy of the game. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. EVH1 3-6
Why Does a Baseball Have Stitches?
(A) The batter swings and hits a foul ball into the stands. You reach up with your glove and catch it as other spectators clap and cheer. You look at the baseball with its smooth leather covering and bright red stitches. 0
(B) The stitches on a baseball actually affect the flight of the ball. Without them, a pitcher couldn't throw it as fast or as accurately. 2
(C) Do the stitches serve a purpose other than to keep the leather covering over the ball? A typical baseball has 108 double hand stitches. They serve more than just a decorative function. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. EVH1 3-7
When a round object like a ball is thrown, the front part of the ball hits the air, increasing the air pressure there while the air becomes thinner at the back of the ball, making the air pressure low.
(A) The stitches more or less scoop the air and direct it inwards towards the back of the ball. This effectively increases the net air pressure in the back of the ball, which reduces the drag. 1
(B) Further, as a baseball is released, the pitcher can put spin on the ball. As the ball spins, the stitches help the ball to fly in the direction the pitcher intends. 2
(C) This difference in air pressure creates an unwanted effect called "drag" that literally drags the ball backward and slows it down. This is where the stitches come into play. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. EVH1 4-1
[MARY SEACOLE, AN UNSUNG HERO OF THE CRIMEA].
(A) He had no idea who the lady was, and when searching for some kind of clue, he only found the author's initials written on the back side of the painting. After passing through various auctions, the person in the portrait was finally identified as Mary Seacole. 1
(B) A portrait of an old, dark-skinned lady wearing three medals on her left breast was discovered in 2003. An antique dealer accidentally found it behind a framed print at a garage sale in Burford, U.K. 0
(C) The National Portrait Gallery in London confirmed that the painting was genuine and purchased it, quoting that "as a woman and as a West Indian of mixed race, she broke many barriers to make a huge contribution to Victorian society." The portrait has been displayed there since 2004. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. EVH1 4-2
Mary Seacole was born in Kingston, Jamaica in 1805.
(A) By observing her mother, Mary learned the practice of traditional Jamaican medicine. Mary also traveled widely to take care of sick people. 1
(B) When she visited Panama in 1851, Mary managed to save her first cholera patient, and in so doing she gained extensive knowledge of this disease. In fact, she herself contracted and recovered from it while in Panama. Having overcome many difficulties, she gained a reputation for her work in treating cholera and other diseases. 2
(C) Her father was a Scottish soldier, and her mother practiced traditional Jamaican medicine. Her mother ran a boarding house while caring for wounded soldiers as if they were her own family members. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. EVH1 4-3
It was while she was in London in 1853 that she heard about the Crimean War and the collapse of the nursing system down there.
(A) Thousands of men were dying of cholera, dysentery, cold, and battle wounds because of a lack of proper medical care. She immediately applied to the War Office to go to the Crimea and help the sick and wounded soldiers. In the application process, she stressed that she had considerable experience treating sick soldiers in Jamaica. 0
(B) Mary persevered and founded a firm with Thomas Day, a distant relative of hers, and they went to the Crimea with a large stock of medicines. Mary, who was then 50, was supposed to work officially as a sutler, someone who was allowed to sell goods to soldiers near the front. 2
(C) To her disappointment, her application was rejected. She asked herself, "Did these ladies shrink from accepting my aid because my blood flowed beneath a somewhat duskier skin than theirs?" Nothing, however, could stop her from following her aspirations. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. EVH1 4-4
As soon as she arrived in the summer of 1855, however, Mary started to take care of the sick and wounded as if she were their mother.
(A) This is why the soldiers of the British army came to call her "Mother Seacole." One of the army doctors testified with admiration that despite the numbing coldness on the front line, Mary Seacole would care for the soldiers and provide them with tea, food, and words of comfort. 0
(B) She is always in attendance near the battle field to aid the wounded and has earned many a poor fellow's blessings." 2
(C) She also braved enemy fire near the front lines trying to find soldiers in need of help. One news reporter described her as "a warm and successful physician, who doctors and cures all manner of men with extraordinary success. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. EVH1 4-5
At the end of the war in 1856, Mary turned out broke.
(A) Some army officers organized a benefit festival to raise funds in her honor. It was reported that to their surprise, thousands of contributors gathered and her name was shouted by a thousand voices. She was also awarded three medals for her bravery and her work from England, Turkey, and France, which is vividly depicted in her portrait. 1
(B) In 1857, with the help of her supporters, Mary published her autobiography, Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands. The last 25 years of her life, however, were spent quietly outside of public attention. She died on May 14th, 1881. 2
(C) She had spent all her personal wealth in the Crimea. She returned to England ill and poor. Fortunately, there were veterans who never forgot the amazing things that Mary had done on the battle field. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. EVH1 4-6
During the Crimean War (1853-1856), Mary Seacole was from time to time compared to Florence Nightingale.
(A) Many people believe that she reappeared in history when a hero like her was needed most. 2
(B) In fact, she risked her life to aid the wounded and bring comfort to dying soldiers. While Florence Nightingale became a legend, Mary Seacole was largely forgotten until the year 2003 when her portrait was accidentally discovered. 1
(C) Unlike Nightingale, Seacole had to overcome prejudice related to her race. Being a born healer, she made her own way to the war where she was needed. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. EVH1 5-1
Let Your Creativity Unfold!
(A) Is this really true? 1
(B) Can't ordinary people like you and me be creative? The following are some examples that tell us creativity is not a matter of talent or a gift, but is a matter of perspective nourished by passion and hard work. 2
(C) Many think that creativity is a gift given to few people. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. EVH1 5-2
Tiny but Shiny You would probably think of using a pencil to write or draw something.
(A) One day in his twenties, however, he saw the beauty in small living things such as ants and spiders, and suddenly wanted to share this perspective with others. He saw a pencil on his desk, picked it up, and started carving its lead with a sewing needle and a very sharp blade. The lead was very fragile and easily snapped or broke as he applied his tools. 1
(B) Sculpting with such tiny tools on the lead was hard work, and it took weeks and sometimes months or years of concentration. However, he slowly and steadily improved his technique and turned his inspirations into pieces of artwork. He carved whatever he could think of, from a farm house to a framing hammer, all at the very tip of a pencil. A means of writing turned into an object of wonder because Dalton took a new perspective. 2
(C) You might not imagine a pencil actually being a creation itself. In fact, a man named Dalton M. Ghetti looked at a pencil as art, not just as a means to create it. Dalton was like most other sculptors in that he worked with large objects. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
29. EVH1 5-3
Some people can use their body parts as tools for creative art by moving them in imaginative ways.
(A) His artistic experiments with hands began in 1990 when he started to use body painting techniques for a variety of purposes like advertising and exhibitions. He was an art major, and his interest in wildlife protection led him to be increasingly involved in "handimals." 1
(B) The animals he creates on hands look so realistic that whoever looks at them may not realize at first that they are just painted hands. 2
(C) From the right angle, a hand can be seen as two soccer players competing for a ball or a sprinter anxiously waiting for the starter's gun to fire, as illustrated in Annie Ralli's works. The Italian artist, Guido Daniele, can create amazing illusions with his hand art. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
30. EVH1 5-4
[Nature in Play].
(A) He is famous for his beautiful dress designs. However, he seldom draws dresses with pens or brushes. His designs come from everyday objects. He cuts out a hole in paper, and the gorgeous dress designs are borrowed from the real world. He gets his inspiration from golden leaves in an autumn garden to the blue sky on a summer day to cars and buildings on a busy city street. 2
(B) Creative minds know no limits. They catch every clue in nature and respond in novel ways. They observe their surroundings with keen eyes, get inspired, add a little artistic touch, and put into life what we don't see. Take a look at the billboard on the left. 0
(C) A woman with shiny golden hair smiles at you, but when the sun sets, her hair glows red. The color of her hair changes depending on the time of day and the position of the sun. At night, her hair will look pitch-black, which could never be reproduced by any artificial means. Edgar Artis goes even further in his work. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
31. EVH1 5-5
[The Giant Canvas].
(A) A green frog looks as if it were lifting the road and raking fallen leaves under it. The street comes alive and tells us an astonishing story, energizing people who are leading busy lives in bleak, urban environments. 2
(B) For many street artists, the city where they live is the canvas for their artwork. Though their work is not considered mainstream, their ideas are bright and innovative. 0
(C) A manhole cover, which we can see on any city street, changes into a pineapple with some yellow paint. Who would have thought of using train tracks as a music sheet? 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
32. EVH1 5-6
Lyon, a city in France, is famous for its murals.
(A) Creative people are not magicians. They are ordinary people like you and me. The only difference is that they try to find new things in themselves and their surroundings. They seek to make connections that have never been made. 1
(B) For these reasons, we can see the expressive creativity of many different forms of art in everyday objects we see around us. Who knows? You can be inspired, too! 2
(C) The city greets its visitors with its story-telling murals scattered all around it. At a glance, there seem to be many buildings that line the stairs in the mural above. However, the picture is a giant mural painted on a building wall. It looks so real that whoever happens to see it may be tempted to take the steps up to visit with those painted men and women. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
33. EVH1 6-1
[Livestock and the Environment].
(A) Sold in stores everywhere, bacon may be a triumph of modern living, but there is a dark side to the bacon industry. Pigs are raised in confined pens and fed corn that has been grown in vast fields that stretch as far as the eye can see. To grow the corn, huge amounts of fertilizer are used, which eventually gets washed into rivers and streams. 0
(B) To meet growing demand, livestock industries have turned to large-scale "manufacturing" of meat in huge "factories." Such a move, however, puts strain on the environment, in particular on the land and water resources of the earth. 2
(C) This affects the ecosystems of such bodies of water, and the fertilizer runoff ends up in fish and other marine life for kilometers around. This is the process necessary to get bacon onto our breakfast tables. Factory Farming That Dries Up Our Planet Annual meat consumption has reached an average of over 40 kilograms per person globally, and the demand is increasing. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
34. EVH1 6-2
Every year, over one billion tons of grain are consumed by farm animals.
(A) The bed of the Colorado River in the U.S. is expected to dry up soon;. Too much water has been drained from the river as neighboring farms need to grow feed for cows. 1
(B) More than two thirds of all agricultural land is used to raise grains and vegetables for livestock while merely eight percent of the agricultural land is used to grow food for direct human consumption. Moreover, about one third of the world's fresh water is used for meat production, which cuts into the supply of water for humans. 0
(C) In short, a large portion of our natural resources is used for meat production. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
35. EVH1 6-3
[From Land to the Ocean].
(A) Livestock is said to produce 130 times as much manure as humans in the U.S. When not managed properly, the manure and water containing it cause severe harm to the ecosystems of rivers and oceans. 1
(B) When rain comes, manure is washed away with the runoff, polluting nearby soil, streams, and rivers all the way until it reaches the ocean. 2
(C) As more people want more meat, it is inevitable that land for livestock be extended to meet the demand. More meat production results in increased water pollution in both rivers and oceans since cows and pigs eat a lot and at the same time produce a lot of manure. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
36. EVH1 6-4
Once it reaches the ocean, it contributes to the formation of what is known as a "dead zone."
(A) When too many plants grow in the water, they use up the ocean's oxygen, suffocating other plants and animals. The largest known dead zone occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in 2002, when runoff from the Mississippi River resulted in over 20,000 square kilometers of the Gulf area to become uninhabitable for oceanic life. 2
(B) Dead zones occur around the world, primarily near areas where heavy farming and industrial activity spill nutrients into the water. 0
(C) Concentrated levels of nutrients in water result in the blooming of algae, which are simple forms of water plants. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
37. EVH1 6-5
[The Unknown Contributor to Global Warming].
(A) However, about 15 percent is emitted by the growing number of cows and pigs. Statistics vary about the exact amount of methane emitted by a cow, but it is generally agreed that a single cow releases up to 120 kilograms of methane per year, more than any other domestic animal. That is about 1,000 times the amount of methane emitted by an average person. 2
(B) The increasing demand for meat and meat products brings trouble not only to the natural resources under our feet but also to those overhead in the atmosphere. Even though carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming in the air, recent research has shown that methane can have a greater impact. Methane is responsible for about 16 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. 0
(C) That doesn't seem like much, but experts warn that methane is over 20 times as powerful as carbon dioxide in trapping the sun's heat in the atmosphere. Where does all the methane come from? Much of the methane in the atmosphere is released naturally in damp areas. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
38. EVH1 6-6
Methane is produced in a cow's special digestive system.
(A) A cow has a stomach with four rooms to break down the food it eats. The food digested in the first two rooms is sent to the mouth to be chewed again, and then sent to the third and the fourth rooms. A cow does this for about eight hours on average every day during which it keeps burping and passing gas, giving off methane into the atmosphere. 0
(B) Koreans ate an average of 11 kilograms of meat per person in 1980, but the average increased to 51 kilograms in 2014. As people prefer increased animal protein in their meals, our land, rivers, and oceans are bound to suffer with no solution in sight. Maybe it is time we give our diets a second thought. 2
(C) Imagine the enormous amount of methane emitted from the burping mouths of 1.5 billion cows on six continents. The world's livestock industries are growing at an unprecedented rate due to population growth and rising incomes. The world's population is predicted to reach around nine billion by 2050. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
[ANSWER]
1. ② 2. ④ 3. ③ 4. ④ 5. ① 6. ② 7. ④ 8. ③ 9. ① 10. ⑤
11. ④ 12. ② 13. ① 14. ⑤ 15. ④ 16. ① 17. ④ 18. ② 19. ① 20. ④
21. ② 22. ④ 23. ① 24. ① 25. ④ 26. ⑤ 27. ④ 28. ④ 29. ④ 30. ③
31. ③ 32. ④ 33. ① 34. ② 35. ④ 36. ③ 37. ③ 38. ①
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순서배열 DB2020. 7. 10. 22:52
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evh | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58
PARA
1. 영비홍 1-1
Homin: Jinho invited me to his magic show the other day.
(A) He has set his mind on studying psychology in college as magic basically deals with people's minds. I wish I had a plan for my future. Eunseo: Why don't you visit the career development office? 1
(B) He performed wonderful card tricks in front of a huge audience. I am envious of him as he has a plan for his future dream of becoming a professional magician. He watches magic performance shows almost every day and keeps practicing magic tricks until he can perform them perfectly. 0
(C) You can get some important information from the office. Here's what I received from them. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. 영비홍 1-2
To make the right career choice, you have to learn about yourself first.
(A) Your values, interests, and personality will make some careers more suitable for you and others less appropriate. You can use self-assessment tests, often called career tests, to better understand yourself. Free career tests are available at our office. If the career test results are not clear and don't solve the problem, don't give up. 0
(B) STEP 3 Get information about the jobs. STEP 4 Narrow down the list. STEP 5 Learn more about the jobs. 2
(C) A hobby you really enjoy can be an important part of choosing a career. 5 Steps to Make a Career Choice. STEP 1 Take a career test. STEP 2 Make a list of jobs. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. 영비홍 1-3
Now, you should make a list of occupations based on your self-assessment test results.
(A) Get yourself involved in various activities that you enjoy and do your best today. Your best possible future will unfold when you make today the best it can be. 2
(B) You now have to gather more in-depth information from people who have first-hand knowledge. You should identify who they are and conduct interviews with them or ask them for a job-shadowing opportunity. If you are still not sure, don't worry. 1
(C) For each job on your list, you should do some careful research in order to learn about the occupation's educational requirements, outlook, and earnings potential. After researching, you can eliminate careers in which you are no longer interested. At this point you may only have two or three occupations left on your list. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. 영비홍 1-4
I am a music lover, so yesterday I job-shadowed my uncle who is a music producer at X-Music.
(A) I left home very excited. Not only was I getting the day off of school, but I was also getting a chance to see in person how a music album is made. 0
(B) He also explained what needs to be done to create an album, from planning the album to arranging, recording, and editing the music. More than half of what he said sounded like a foreign language to me. 2
(C) The studio was full of the latest equipment, whose size and complexity amazed me. My uncle gave me a short explanation of the equipment. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. 영비홍 1-5
We headed to the recording booth, where two singers were recording music for their rock band.
(A) Outside of the booth, the composer and a technician were waiting for us. My uncle sat down in the middle next to the composer when the recording started. It didn't take long, however, until it was stopped by my uncle, then by the composer and the technician. 0
(B) My day at X-Music helped me realize that love of music is not the only thing required to become a music producer: patience, leadership, and communication skills on top of a good ear for music are important skills to learn, too. I'll have to come up with a plan to develop these skills. 2
(C) They didn't like this or that about the music and had the singers repeat the same line again and again, all of which sounded perfect to me. When everyone got exhausted, my uncle cheered them up with occasional funny stories. It took a whole day to finish one song! 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. 영비홍 1-RM1
I taste chocolate and evaluate its quality, telling good chocolate from bad, faulty chocolate.
(A) Then I breathe out through my nose to identify the smell. I always record everything like smells, sounds, tastes, and textures on a computer. As a chocolate taster, the most important part of my job is keeping my mouth objective. 2
(B) Then comes the actual tasting. I put a small piece into my mouth, press it lightly against the roof of my mouth, and wait until it melts. 1
(C) The evaluation process begins with smelling samples and breaking them to see if they sound crisp. Old or improperly stored chocolate doesn't make a crisp sound. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. 영비홍 1-RM2
I have to keep my mouth ready and lively so that my evaluation may be as objective as possible.
(A) Keen observation skills and a good understanding of basic concepts of chemistry are required, and a degree in Food Technology is recommended. 2
(B) Since I taste an average of thirty samples a day, one should not affect the taste of another. As soon as one is done, I spit it back out and wait for a while. 0
(C) Then I eat a cracker and drink some warm water to get my senses back. For those who want to become chocolate tasters, I would say love of chocolate is not all it takes to succeed. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. 영비홍 2-1
Wide pants, a striped shirt, a baseball cap: walk down the street and you'll see what's in fashion.
(A) Here are some tips from three teenage fashion leaders on how to experiment and find your own style. 2
(B) Teens, like adults, tend to follow popular trends. That's fine if you're happy with the current style, but you can also create your own style if you're not. 0
(C) Think of Steve Jobs, and a figure of a man wearing a black shirt and blue jeans might pop into your head. Likewise, you can showcase your own charm and individuality with your own unique style, which can become a part of your personal image: a signature style. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. 영비홍 2-2
What is your favorite color?
(A) One day, I realized that green has many shades, so I experimented with various shades of green and eventually, I found that a deep green helps me look great. If you like a certain color, you can try various shades like I did, and find one that suits you. 2
(B) Do you often wear fashion items in that color? 0
(C) As for me, my favorite color is green, but I felt it did not go well with my skin tone, so I used to avoid wearing it. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. 영비홍 2-3
Once you decide on a color, you may discover the color wheel useful to find other colors that go well together.
(A) Choosing a mixture of analogous and complementary colors together, called split complementary colors, can be tricky but results in a calmer look than a combination of complementary colors. Unless your signature style is to wear colors that clash, using the color wheel will help you choose colors that are natural and pleasing to the eye. {The color wheel} 1 Analogous colorsPick one color on the color wheel, skip one, and choose the next one. 1
(B) 2 Complementary colorsSelect two colors on opposite sides of the color wheel. 3 Split complementary colorsChoose two analogous colors and the complementary color of the one that is found between them. 2
(C) There are three simple ways to use the color wheel: combining analogous colors, choosing complementary colors, and mixing together analogous and complementary colors. Combining analogous colors is one of the easiest ways of matching colors that will give you an elegant look, for example, a yellow shirt on top of green pants. Choosing complementary colors, like wearing a green skirt with red shoes, creates a bold impression. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. 영비홍 2-4
I spend a lot of time at school in my uniform, so I don't pay too much attention to what I wear.
(A) Mixing and matching clothes is a lot of fun! My point is: If you have a favorite fashion item, and it goes well with your other clothes, you can create a new outfit every single day. 2
(B) I like to wear it under a denim shirt, a leather jacket, or a cardigan. Putting on clothes in layers like this keeps my style fresh even though I don't have a lot of clothes. 1
(C) But there is one thing I often wear outside of school: a black striped shirt. It's very casual with a simple design. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. 영비홍 2-5
One of the simplest ways to develop your own style is to pay attention to accessories like shoes, hats, glasses, or watches.
(A) If your face is round, however, you may look better in angular or square frames. Here's another important tip. People tend to make purchasing decisions about frames in terms of material or color, but not many think about their eyebrows. 1
(B) Eyebrows can be so expressive, and covering them with your frames may hide the feelings you express, eventually making you look strict. BEFORE/ The frames cover the eyebrows, making him look strict. AFTER/ The frames do not cover the eyebrows, making him look less strict. 2
(C) I spend a lot of time choosing my eye glasses because they can be an important part of my look. When I choose frames, I think of my face shape. Since my face is rather angular, I usually choose round frames. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. 영비홍 2-6
Climate plays a key role in what we wear, and the way we live as a whole.
(A) Pajamas have followed a similar route to become trendy fashion wear in the bedroom or on the streets. In India, where staying cool is very important, a pair of wide pants made of light and soft fabric seemed to be the perfect way to stay cool. The British rulers at the time liked the idea and spread the Indian pajamas to the rest of the world, helping them to arrive in our bedrooms. The old saying that necessity is the mother of invention does make sense, and some good inventions seem to spread quickly and easily. 2
(B) In the Netherlands, for example, where one fourth of its land area is located below sea level, an interesting form of shoes developed as a way of getting around the muddy roads. Wooden shoes, called klompen, were the perfect tool to keep farmers' feet dry while working in wet areas. A few artistic souls went further to begin dancing in klompen, which makes a pleasant series of rhythms, eventually providing a basis for modern tap dancing. 0
(C) The Inuit had to fight the cold and the wind, and came up with the idea of wearing a heavy jacket called an anorak. It was originally made from seal skin, and its surface had to be cared for regularly with fish oil for constant water resistance. Now, it is a modern winter necessity, coming in a variety of styles and colors. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. 영비홍 3-1
"Going green" seems to be all the rage these days.
(A) Probably not. Some innovators have taken on the challenge of "going green," and have come up with some brilliant ideas to make "going green" easier and simpler. 2
(B) In your home, for example, do you always unplug your TV when you aren't watching it? Do stores in your neighborhood always keep their doors shut when the heaters or air conditioners are on? 1
(C) Stores and companies use phrases like this to promote their businesses as eco-friendly. It makes sense to try to live in a way that does not harm the environment, but is it easy to go green? 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. 영비홍 3-2
Reuse Oldies but goodies!
(A) It is a special garbage bag that can be filled with used, but still usable items. Placing the bag outside on the pavement makes whatever is in it available to anyone in the community. Goedzak's bright color attracts attention while the transparent side of the bag reveals its contents. 1
(B) Everyone has things that are no longer of any use, and chances are, those things will eventually get thrown away. However, some of the things that get thrown out are still useful to other people. Goedzak is a Dutch way of allowing people to get second-hand things that might otherwise be thrown away. 0
(C) People can help themselves to anything they like. What an idea! These transparent garbage containers have helped many Dutch people go greener by reducing the amount of trash going to landfills. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. 영비홍 3-3
Share Talk to the community.
(A) According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, a third of global food production goes into trash bins annually. In Germany alone, around eleven million tons of food are wasted every year. 0
(B) The only rule is not to pass anything on to others that you wouldn't eat yourself. This project may change the way people think about food: if food is not shared, it is wasted. 2
(C) Having been founded to tackle this problem on a local scale, the online platform, "foodsharing∙de" allows extra food in your fridge or cupboard to be distributed to neighbors. The basic concept is simple: people sharing food. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. 영비홍 3-4
Waste Not Drink and eat it!
(A) Using disposable cups may be convenient, but it is not necessarily eco-friendly. They are a massive source of waste. Every year, people in the U.S. use over 100 billion disposable cups, and Koreans dispose of over 15 billion cups each year. 0
(B) You can think of it as a treat for coffee! You may have to consume extra sugar, but it will definitely create less waste. 2
(C) That's what drove a few novel designers to come up with edible coffee cups. A cookie forms the main structure, with a white chocolate layer on the inside and a thin layer of sugar paper on the outside. This structure allows you to drink coffee without finding yourself holding a soaked mess. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. 영비홍 3-5
Use Less Holes mean a lot.
(A) In fact, Ecofont uses about a fifth less ink than traditional fonts without ruining readability. The brilliance of Ecofont is the different perspective it takes on going green: the use of less ink by the font. 2
(B) What can you do to go green when you have 500 photocopies to make? Many green strategies focus on using less paper, like printing on both sides. Another green strategy is to use less ink, which is what many people already do. 0
(C) But what if you could take it a step further? That's what Ecofont is. A designer thought that if he could create fonts that have tiny holes in them, he might be able to make more efficient use of the amount of ink used. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. 영비홍 3-6
An eco-friendly way of life is not about changing the entire world overnight.
(A) When you do these things, you are keeping your environmental bank account full. When you go one step further and help others do them too, you are an activist and big changes can happen. 2
(B) It is about becoming aware of your own wasteful ways and then helping others become aware of theirs. 0
(C) After awareness comes the process of adopting slightly different ways of doing some daily tasks. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. 영비홍 4-1
I was thrilled when my cousin, Suji, invited me to Italy, a country in southern Europe that looks like a boot.
(A) Since Italy is seven hours behind Seoul, I was quite exhausted and sleepy when I got there. However, I forced myself to stay awake to begin my trip in earnest. 2
(B) She had a few days off from studying music in a conservatory, so we could spend a week together in Rome and Venice. 0
(C) I had never been abroad by myself, and I was a bit worried, but after the long flight for twelve hours, I was pleased to be greeted by my cousin at Leonardo da Vinci International Airport in Rome. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. 영비홍 4-2
Rome was like a giant museum to me.
(A) It amazed me to think that people could build such a structure without modern construction equipment. The Colosseum has eighty arches through which about fifty thousand people could go in and out in fifteen minutes! 1
(B) We began our sightseeing at the Colosseum. Nowadays, we can only see a part of what was once the greatest structure in the ancient world. 0
(C) As I reached the top of the stairs inside, I looked down and I could almost hear the cheer of the crowd. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. 영비홍 4-3
Suji and I walked along a path leading away from the Colosseum and heard the sound of falling water.
(A) We knew instantly that we were near the famous Trevi Fountain. 0
(B) I threw one over my shoulder, wishing a return to Italy someday. I found it interesting that even on the other side of the world, people still wish for simple things like happiness, love, and marriage. 2
(C) Legend says that a single coin thrown into the fountain will ensure a return to Rome, a second coin will bring true love, and a third coin marriage!1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. 영비홍 4-4
Who in Rome could miss out on a chance to visit Vatican City, the place where the Pope lives?
(A) Suji convinced me to wait in line for over twenty minutes saying that it would be worth it. She was right: the gelato was out of this world. 2
(B) The Creation of Adam, one of Michelangelo's masterpieces, on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, still lingers in my mind. Although I knew photographs are not allowed, the masterpiece was so impressive that I almost took one. After looking around, we walked out to see many people lined up in front of a small store where green apple gelato was served. 1
(C) It is known as the smallest state in the world. In fact, it takes only thirty minutes to walk from one border to the other! I was overwhelmed, however, by the collection of sculptures and paintings in the Vatican Museums. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. 영비홍 4-5
After a couple of more days in Rome, we headed to Venice.
(A) Suji said she had to visit a friend, so she suggested that I explore the city on my own for a few hours. 1
(B) The seaside city was a lot more romantic than Rome, but a lot more humid as well. 0
(C) We could meet up at the train station later in the afternoon. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. 영비홍 4-6
I decided to go to the Rialto Bridge first, so I started walking.
(A) They were so used to being around people that they would wait until people weren't paying attention and then steal their crackers! But what truly made me stop and stare in wonder were the beautiful buildings surrounding all three sides of the square. Along the buildings were shops selling beautiful glass pieces, gloves, and much more. After looking around for a while, I bought small glasses for my parents. 2
(B) Within moments, the winding alleys made my map almost useless. After some wandering, I was lucky enough to meet a group of tourists my age from Britain. They were headed to the Rialto Bridge too! 0
(C) The bridge itself was as elegant as people say it is, but I was more impressed by the beautiful view of the canal from the steps of the bridge. I said goodbye to my British friends and walked to St_ Mark's Square, one of the prime attractions of Venice. I had never seen so many pigeons in my life. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. 영비홍 4-7
My trip to Venice would not be complete without a gondola ride along the Grand Canal, which snakes through the city in a large S shape.
(A) We shared the fare and we commented on the unique differences of the buildings along the canal. We had a nice chat, took some great pictures, and exchanged email addresses before we got off the gondola. 2
(B) I was disappointed to find out the fare to ride the Grand Canal by myself was so expensive that I could not afford it. 0
(C) The moment I was turning back, I saw my British tourist friends walking toward the ticket office. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. 영비홍 4-8
My trip to Italy was definitely an experience of a lifetime.
(A) So far, I have read two pages. I hope I have opportunities to read many more pages. 2
(B) People say that the world is a book, and that those who do not travel read only one of the pages in it. 1
(C) I hope my next trip can be to England to visit my British friends. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. 영비홍 5-1
The Amazing Story of the 33 / Alone in the Dark.
(A) The miners locked in below did not give up in the dark, nor did their families above ground surrender to despair. 2
(B) On October 13, 2010, thirty three Chilean miners who had been buried inside the San José mine for 69 days were finally rescued. 0
(C) It was a triumph of engineering and a victory of faith. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
29. 영비홍 5-2
On August 5, 2010, at around lunch break, miners digging for copper and gold started to feel vibrations in the earth.
(A) As the days passed, Chileans grew increasingly uncertain that any of the miners had survived. A small exploratory hole was drilled on August 22, and the camera captured a message that said, "We are still alive. "It was the first sign of hope. 1
(B) Soon, a video camera was sent down 700 meters deep and captured the first images of the miners, all clearly in good health. The discovery sparked joyful celebrations nationwide, and rescue efforts gave a light of hope that the miners could be saved. 2
(C) Almost immediately after the vibrations began, they heard a sudden huge explosion, and the whole mine filled up with dust and rock. A massive piece of the nearby mountain had broken off, burying almost all the layers of the mine. For seventeen days after the initial collapse, there was no word on their fate. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
30. 영비홍 5-3
The miners were lucky to have an air tunnel that allowed enough fresh air to reach them.
(A) For eighteen days, each person had to live on two spoonfuls of tuna, a mouthful of milk, bits of crackers, and a bite of canned fruit every other day. Another factor which bothered the miners severely was the high heat and humidity of the shelter. Each miner had lost an average of 8 kilograms by the time they were rescued. 2
(B) Until the tunnel to deliver food and medicine was operational, food was the most critical issue in the shelter. They only had enough food for two days. 1
(C) They also had broken trucks from which they could charge the batteries of their head lamps. In addition, they were able to drink water from storage tanks nearby. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
31. 영비홍 5-4
The miners united as a group soon after the collapse.
(A) They organized themselves into a society where each person had one vote. They all knew that if their social structure broke down, their problems would become more serious and did what they could do best. 0
(B) It created a tunnel large enough to lift them one by one. For this purpose, a specially designed capsule was built. More than 1,400 news reporters from all over the world, together with the family members of the miners, gathered to watch the rescue process. 2
(C) For example, José Henríquez, a religious man, tried to keep morale up, and Yonni Barrios, who had had some medical training, helped other miners with their health problems. On October 9, a rescue hole was finally drilled through to the miners in their shelter. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
32. 영비홍 5-5
On October 12, the first rescue worker was sent downward to the miners, who greeted him with nervous relief.
(A) They had been trapped for so long that their first priority was to get medical attention. Luis Urzúa, who had taken a major role as a democratic leader while underground, was the last one to come up to the surface on October 13. "The 69 days during which we tried so hard were not useless. 1
(B) Soon, the first trapped miner was raised to the surface. One by one, the miners were brought up in the capsule to see the sunlight. Upon leaving the capsule, each miner was enthusiastically greeted, but they could not see their families right away. 0
(C) We wanted to live for our families, and that was the greatest thing," Urzúa said to the Chilean people after his rescue. Then, the rescuers and the rescued began singing the Chilean national anthem with the thousands of joyous people who came to support the operation, celebrating the heroics and the humanity of all those involved. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
33. 영비홍 5-RM
The rescue capsule Fénix was designed by the Chilean Navy in collaboration with NASA to rescue the 33 miners trapped underground in Chile's San José copper mine.
(A) In an emergency, such as the capsule getting stuck in the rescue hole, the bottom could be opened from the inside so that the miner could be lowered back down to the shelter. Thanks to the capsule and the organized rescue efforts, the miners put an end to their life of darkness. When they stepped out of the capsule door to meet their loved ones, the designers of the Fénix shared in the joy;. their efforts resulted in the saving of 33 lives. 2
(B) The bottom of the capsule held three tanks of air, which would provide enough air for one person to breathe for about 90 minutes. This amount of air was more than needed for the 15 to 20 minutes that the trip to the surface was expected to take. It also had a communication system so that the miners could speak to the surface while being lifted up. 1
(C) Painted in the red, white, and blue colors of Chile, the Fénix looked like a military missile. The device was nearly 3.95 meters high on the outside, and the inside was 1.9 meters high and about 51 centimeters across, which was just enough room for an adult male. When mobilized by the rescue team, the Fénix was equipped with an emergency oxygen supply. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
34. 영비홍 6-1
A Jungle of Choice / Decisions, decisions, decisions.
(A) Since we can't have everything we want, we have to make the resources that we have go as far as possible. Imagine that you go to a shopping mall to buy a pair of jeans. Let's take a look at some of the things that may affect your decisions while you are there. 2
(B) Stores are full of attractive products. Advertisements cover cars and buildings, TV commercials shout slogans, and pop-up promotions on the Internet can be annoying. 1
(C) Being a consumer is tough these days. At the same time, without decisions to make, being a consumer would be easier but much less interesting. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
35. 영비홍 6-2
"Hey, these jeans are on sale!
(A) If the jeans were originally $100 but are now on sale for $80, the lower price would lead more customers to consider buying the jeans and spending another $20 on a T-shirt, too. The bottom line is that sales attract customers that might not have made purchases at the regular price, and they motivate customers to spend because their money can now buy more. 2
(B) "Have you ever wondered why retail stores put items on sale? 0
(C) Sales reduce inventory size, making room for the store to buy more stuff to sell, and they attract customers. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
36. 영비홍 6-3
"Become the person you've always wanted to be.
(A) When advertisers associate appealing images with certain products, consumers may buy the products to associate themselves with those images. You're still the same you, but you feel better about yourself because you are wearing Brand X's new jeans. Is this worth paying 25%, 50%, or even 100% more? Well, that's up to each individual to decide on his or her own. 2
(B) "Jeans are jeans, right? Well, no! There are ordinary jeans and there are designer jeans. 0
(C) As the TV ads prove, beautiful people wear Brand X, don't they? And you feel you'll be more beautiful if you wear it, too. This is the power of association. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
37. 영비홍 6-4
"How do you like these sneakers to go with those jeans?
(A) "Have you ever been offered to buy something that you had not planned on buying? A sales clerk may make suggestions to you about what else to buy in addition to your originally planned purchase. This is called up-selling and it's designed to be not only helpful for you, but also for the store's bottom line. 0
(B) No one can tell you that you shouldn't buy something that really suits you, but remember that the arrangement of items in a store is not random. Product placement seems to have been designed to give subtle suggestions to consumers while they shop. 2
(C) Have you also noticed that shoes, hats, and socks are displayed together next to one another? They are mostly inexpensive items strategically placed there. Since you've already decided to buy a pair of jeans, why not buy a pair of sneakers too? 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
38. 영비홍 6-5
What Most People Do Why are you influenced by these marketing strategies?
(A) Furthermore, if a cashier recommends something, you may feel as if you "needed" it all along. 2
(B) What's going on in your head? Well, when your brain is loaded with too many decisions to make, it may go on "autopilot. 0
(C) "Instead of deliberating, you choose the easy way and make your decisions automatically. For example, many people may simply assume that buying an item on sale will save them money, or that something with a higher price tag is better in quality. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
39. 영비홍 6-6
Notice What's Out There!
(A) Don't worry, though. Being a smart consumer is not something that comes naturally. Once you start noticing what's out there, your experience and wisdom will guide you to smart consuming. 2
(B) If there are so many choices and marketing strategies out there, how can you become a smart consumer? There isn't a "right" answer for everyone because we have different tastes and different values, but the first step is to be aware of your "autopilot" mode. To prevent this, ask yourself these questions before you make any purchase. 0
(C) Do I really need the product or do I simply want it? Would my money be better spent on something else? In the jungle of information, you may feel overwhelmed. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
40. 영비홍 6-RM
Street Food Business Around the World.
(A) These recipes are often handed down from the mother of the family to her children. Meals from the Sky. Melbourne, Australia has many small buildings and narrow alleys between them. This gave rise to a unique restaurant called Jafflechutes, which sells sandwiches by parachute. Three young men wanted to sell sandwiches, but they didn't have the money to rent a ground floor space. Instead of customers coming up, they thought why not send sandwiches down? 1
(B) Customers can pay online, select a time, stand on an 'X' marked outside the building, and wait for the parachute with their name on it. Food that Moves. In the United States, food trucks have become very popular among workers in large cities. Food trucks can move around, and many sell food that originated in other countries like Mexico, China, Brazil, and Turkey. For example, one of many recently popular food trucks, called Kogi, sells a mix of BBQ from Korea and food from Mexico. Kogi's marketing strategy uses social networking to announce where it will turn up next. 2
(C) People run street food booths around the world for a number of reasons, such as to get an opportunity to open their own business on a budget, to sell food in a lively place, or to promote their own special recipe. The advantage of these kinds of small businesses is that they provide opportunities for owners on smaller budgets. At the same time, consumers benefit because of the variety of food that is available. Special Family Recipes. In the crowded cities in Vietnam, people usually keep their doors open, so cooking and eating food on the street is natural. Street food businesses in Vietnam are usually owned by the family, and recipes are kept in the family. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
41. 영비홍 7-1
Discover from Nature Do you remember your mom taking you to a doctor's office?
(A) What if a shot given in the arm didn't hurt? Well, maybe in the future, it won't. Some scientists have been studying how the lowly mosquito is able to bite us without us knowing. 1
(B) When they figure out the secrets, the doctor's shot might become a painless procedure. This is what "biomimetics" is about. 2
(C) The doctor decided to give you some medicine. She rolled up your sleeves and gave you a shot in the upper arm. That hurt, didn't it? 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
42. 영비홍 7-2
People who study biomimetics look to solve human problems by copying how nature does it.
(A) Let's look at some examples of biomimetics we see today or will see in the near future. 1
(B) 2
(C) It might sound complicated, but it is much easier once you understand. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
43. 영비홍 7-3
Natural Air Conditioning Termites are simple creatures, but when they work together, they can build incredible natural structures.
(A) even though the temperature outside can vary from 40 degrees Celsius during the day to 1 degree Celsius at night, it is always about 30 degrees Celsius inside. Termite mounds are built in a way that hot air rises out and cool air comes in through the bottom. Inspired by termite mounds, Mike Pearce, an African architect, constructed a building in Zimbabwe and another in Australia using the same passive cooling techniques. 1
(B) Some termite mounds can reach 7 meters in height. They even go 3 meters underground. There is another amazing fact about termite mounds:. 0
(C) These buildings were 10% cheaper to build because less money was spent on air moving equipment, and this design reduced cooling energy costs by 35%. Now that's a cool idea! 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
44. 영비홍 7-4
Airplane Winglets If you look at an airplane's wings, you can sometimes see that the tips are turned upwards.
(A) They found that the tips smooth the flow of air, which helps them conserve energy when flying. The engineers thought that if it worked for birds, why not for airplanes? 1
(B) The end result is that the airplane winglets help keep planes smaller, saving about 10% in fuel costs. This is beneficial not just for the environment but for passengers' wallets, too. 2
(C) These are called "winglets" and they may look neat, but they have measurable benefits. When engineers studied birds, they observed that birds' wings have tips that turned up in flight. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
45. 영비홍 7-5
Sea Urchins Sea urchins may be eaten in some parts of the world, but they can also damage parts of the sea environment with their bony mouths.
(A) The efficiency of this natural design is now being tested for incorporation into missions in space. When small robots are sent to another planet to collect soil samples, the standard method is to use something inefficient like a small shovel. 1
(B) A sea urchin mouth looks a lot like a five-fingered claw you might see while trying to pick up prizes at the arcade. This design is surprisingly efficient at grabbing and grinding. 0
(C) By copying the design of a sea urchin mouth, scientists believe it will be easier to collect samples. Amazingly, a design developed naturally in the deep sea may soon be seen in deep space. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
46. 영비홍 7-6
When we observe nature, we can be amazed by its beauty and its grand scale.
(A) Now, as we observe nature on all levels big and small, we have the technology and the means to copy what nature has perfected. 1
(B) Because there is still so much we do not know about nature, there is still much left to discover. Maybe one day you will be inspired by nature to invent a product that will change the world. 2
(C) We should remember that nature has had millions of years to experiment. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
47. 영비홍 8-1
Where Sound, Color and Letters Meet A piece of work in one field can inspire artists in another field to create something new.
(A) Likewise, a painting can inspire a musician to create music in which you can almost see different colors and shapes. 1
(B) Furthermore, lines from a novel or a poem can inspire painters or musicians to create visual or auditory art that gives life to a story. These interactions between artists can have unexpected results, producing works of art that have strong visual, auditory or emotional influences on people. 2
(C) Music can inspire a painter to create a visual representation of something he or she has heard. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
48. 영비홍 8-2
Music Drawn on the Canvas Music has played a key role in the creation of some artwork.
(A) In his paintings, for example, yellow is linked with the sound of the trumpet and blue with that of the cello. In addition, certain shapes in his paintings were associated with particular feelings. The triangle represents aggressive feelings and the square calm moods. Each time he stroked the canvas with his brush, he might have intended to turn a series of musical notes into visual forms. 2
(B) "I saw all my colors before my eyes," he said. He felt as if wild and powerful lines appeared in front of him. As a result, he gave up his law career to study painting. For Kandinsky, music and color were closely tied together. 1
(C) The influence of music on the visual arts can be best seen with the expressionist painter Wassily Kandinsky. Kandinsky studied law and economics and was successful in his law career. However, in his early 30's, he had an unusual visual experience while looking at Monet's Haystacks. He also was influenced by the melody of Wagner's Lohengrin. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
49. 영비홍 8-3
Melodies Reflecting Colors and Shapes Musicians have also found inspiration from painters and their works of art.
(A) After visiting a memorial exhibition of Hartmann's works, Mussorgsky composed a piano suite in 10 movements to describe each of Hartmann's paintings displayed at the exhibition. Anyone who listens to the movements can associate the melodies with what they see in Hartmann's paintings. 1
(B) While Mussorgsky was writing the melodies, he must have wanted to translate the stories in the paintings into his musical language. 2
(C) Modest Mussorgsky was a composer who is famous for his descriptions of colors in his music. One of his most frequently performed piano works, Pictures at an Exhibition, was composed in his efforts to capture what he felt about the paintings of an artist friend named Viktor Hartmann, who died at the early age of 39. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
50. 영비홍 8-4
Words Living in Melodies and Images A novel or a play often inspires musicians and painters.
(A) The Wedding March is one of the best known pieces from the suite. Marc Chagall, known for his use of dreamy colors, was also moved by the play and drew a painting with the same title, Midsummer Night's Dream. 1
(B) The figures in the painting recreate the dreamlike atmosphere of the play. Although Chagall and Mendelssohn lived in different times, they both translated Shakespeare's words and sentences into their own artistic languages. 2
(C) For example, Felix Mendelssohn was inspired after reading Shakespeare's play, A Midsummer Night's Dream, at the age of 17 and began to compose a piece of music to capture the magic and fantasy in Shakespeare's imaginary world. It became part of his famous work, A Midsummer Night's Dream. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
51. 영비홍 8-5
The English word "inspire" originally meant "to breathe in."
(A) Maybe, they knew we would interpret their works accordingly, noticing the melodies, colors, shapes, and the words influencing each other. 2
(B) Kandinsky, Mussorgsky, Mendelssohn, and Chagall were great breathers because they turned their intakes into artwork that stimulates us in novel ways. 1
(C) Air breathed in has to be breathed out in one way or another. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
[ANSWER]
1. ② 2. ① 3. ⑤ 4. ① 5. ① 6. ⑤ 7. ③ 8. ③ 9. ③ 10. ④
11. ⑤ 12. ④ 13. ③ 14. ⑤ 15. ② 16. ① 17. ① 18. ③ 19. ③ 20. ③
21. ② 22. ① 23. ⑤ 24. ② 25. ③ 26. ③ 27. ⑤ 28. ③ 29. ④ 30. ⑤
31. ① 32. ② 33. ⑤ 34. ⑤ 35. ③ 36. ③ 37. ① 38. ③ 39. ③ 40. ④
41. ④ 42. ④ 43. ② 44. ④ 45. ② 46. ④ 47. ④ 48. ⑤ 49. ④ 50. ④
51. ⑤
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순서배열 DB2020. 7. 10. 22:51
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esh | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58
PARA
1. 영시한 1-1
Shonda Lynn Rhimes is a famous American television producer and writer.
(A) Don't stop dreaming until your dreams come true. I think that's nonsense. 2
(B) When people give graduation speeches, they usually tell you: Follow your dreams. Dream and dream big! 1
(C) Rhimes delivered the following speech at the graduation ceremony for Dartmouth College in 2014. President Hanlon, staff, honored guests, parents, students, families, and friends, good morning and congratulations to the graduating class! 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. 영시한 1-2
A lot of people dream.
(A) You don't have to know. You just have to keep moving forward. You just have to keep doing something, seizing the next opportunity, and staying open to trying something new. It doesn't have to be the perfect job or the perfect life that you dream of. Perfect is boring, and dreams are not real. Just do! If you're dreaming of traveling, leave right now. 1
(B) Do you want to be a writer? Start writing. A writer is someone who writes every day. If you don't have a job, get one. Get any job. Don't sit at home waiting for the magical opportunity. Do something until you can do something else. 2
(C) And while they are busy dreaming, the really happy and successful people are busy doing. Dreams are lovely, but they are just dreams. Dreams do not come true just because you dream them. It is hard work that makes things happen and creates change. So, this is my first lesson for you: Be a doer, not a dreamer. Maybe you know exactly what you want to do, or maybe you have no idea what you truly want to do. It doesn't matter. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. 영시한 1-3
My second lesson is this: Don't be self-centered.
(A) Crime and violence are part of the everyday lives of these people. So before you complain, remember that you have been given a gift. Your whole life so far has been a gift. It's time to pay for it by doing something for the world. 2
(B) Right after graduation, you may have the worst days of your lives. But don't act like you're the most miserable person in the world, because you are not. We are already a lot luckier than most people on the earth. We live in the country where we are free to speak our own mind and most people believe that everyone should be treated equally regardless of gender or race. 0
(C) In some parts of the world, girls are harmed simply because they want to get an education. Slavery still exists. Children still starve to death. Even in the United States, there are countless people who are living much more difficult lives than we can ever imagine. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. 영시한 1-4
Accept that you cannot do everything.
(A) Since I'm a very successful woman and a mother with three children, many people ask me, "How do you do it all? How do you become successful at your job while having a family?" Now I'm going to give you an entirely honest answer: I don't. Whenever I'm succeeding in one area of my life, I'm failing in another area. 0
(B) It will happen to you when you become successful. We all achieve one thing by failing to achieve something else. Anyone who tells you they are doing it all perfectly is a liar. 2
(C) If I'm writing really exciting stories for television, I'm not spending enough time with my children. If I'm enjoying a family holiday with my children, I'm not finishing the script that I should. If I'm succeeding at one, I'm inevitably failing at the other. This happens with all truly successful people. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. 영시한 1-5
I hope I didn't scare you.
(A) You may sometimes feel like you're failing at work or at your home life. The real world is hard. 1
(B) I just wanted to say that it is okay, even if it doesn't look okay. Your dreams may not all come true. 0
(C) And yet, you can still wake up in the morning and be amazed at everything you have and everything you have achieved. And then 20 years from now, one of you can find yourself right here where I stand, giving a graduation speech. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. 영시한 2-1
Darwin's "survival of the fittest"is universally regarded as a simple reality in the game of life.
(A) Often, animals help each other and work together for the greater good. Cooperation prevails at every level of the animal kingdom. 1
(B) In the following three examples, it is inspiring to see how animals cooperate to help each other. 2
(C) Successful play sometimes requires a degree of selfishness. However, across the animal kingdom, selfishness is only a very small part of an animal's life. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. 영시한 2-2
Have you ever observed ants marching in and out of their nest?
(A) When there are a few ants moving in a single direction, some ants are likely to move slowly, some fast, and others even faster. As their number increases, however, they communicate with each other so that they all move at the same speed. The slow speed up while the fast and the superfast slow down. There are times when ants leaving the nest for food encounter other ants coming back with food on their backs. 1
(B) If so, it may have reminded you of a highway packed with cars. But this comparison is not appropriate. Ants never get into a traffic jam, no matter how fast they move or how many of them occupy the road. This is because their movements are based on cooperation. 0
(C) When this happens, the inbound ants, the ones carrying a burden, always have the right of way. Outbound ants turn to get out of the way, while inbound ants continue in a straight line. This arrangement makes sense because it is more difficult for inbound ants to change direction due to their heavy loads. Following these rules and cooperating in this way, ants improve the traffic flow and make the delivery of food to the nest more efficient. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. 영시한 2-3
Fish also cooperate.
(A) First, the cleaners are too small to satisfy their hunger. Second, it is hard to find good cleaners. Once the cleaners and the clients establish trust, the clients want to cooperate with the cleaners and keep them around. 2
(B) After the cleaners do their job, the clients let them go, instead of swallowing them. The cleaners get a meal, and the clients get a healthier mouth. Sometimes the cleaner fish chew on the wall of the client fish's mouth. Although this may cause pain, the big fish still do not eat the little ones for two reasons. 1
(C) As everyone knows, big fish often eat little fish. Sometimes, however, little fish help the big fish, so the big fish do not eat the little fish. Tiny fish, which scientists refer to as "cleaners," swim into the mouths of bigger fish, which are referred to as "clients." The cleaners eat parasites in the clients' mouths. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. 영시한 2-4
Pied flycatchers are small birds that cooperate in dangerous situations.
(A) Bats die if they go two nights without food. As hunting for blood—heir only food—s not easy, younger bats fail to find food one night out of three. But hunger is rare because bats that find blood share it with bats that don't. 2
(B) They do not answer the calls of birds that have refused to help others before. More Info. Do you know how bats cooperate to survive? One kind of bat has a system of food sharing. 1
(C) When a predator enters a flycatcher's area, the flycatcher makes a loud sound for help. Other flycatchers hear the call, and they come to help. As more and more birds join the group, the predator becomes frightened and runs away. It is important to note that flycatchers go to the aid of another bird in danger only if that bird has helped other birds in the past. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. 영시한 2-5
Cooperation is a process that started with the first single-celled creatures.
(A) We human beings cooperate in plenty of ways, from lining up at a bus stop to sharing knowledge on a website. 1
(B) Sometimes, however, human cooperation can break down. To foster cooperative success among humans, we should perhaps look to nature for inspiration. 2
(C) Living things, from their beginnings more than three billion years ago, took over the planet by learning to cooperate. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. 영시한 2-6
There are many team sports which require cooperation among the team members in order to win.
(A) Let' see the origins of a few of these sports. Field hockey has a long history. Four-thousand-year-old drawings of men playing a simple version of a hockey game have been found in tombs in Egypt. In the Middle Ages variations of hockey-like games were played in European countries. Later England modernized it. 0
(B) The first reference to rowing as a sport comes from 15thcentury BC Egypt. It later spread throughout Europe. Modern rowing as a competitive sport goes back to England in the 18th century. Now one of the most famous competitions is the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race. 2
(C) Soccer A Chinese game called cuju meaning "kick a ball" existed during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BC and has been recognized as the first version of soccer with similar rules to the modern game. Players could use any part of their body except their hands. Later soccer-like games were played in Japan Australia and several countries in Europe. Now 211 countries around the world are registered as members of FIFA. Rowing has existed since humans first traveled on water by boat. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. 영시한 3-1
When you eat fast food, such as pizza, hamburger, or fried chicken, what do you drink with it?
(A) People all over the world love sodas. Every year, Americans consume 170 liters of soda per person, and the British 100 liters. Of all age groups, teenagers drink the most soda. 1
(B) Most people, however, understand that sodas are not good for their health due to the ingredients. What is in a soda? Which ingredients are really not good for you? 2
(C) Most people have a soda. When you go to the movies or when you just want something refreshing to satisfy your thirst, a soda is often the first choice. Soda, also called a soft drink, is a sweet drink with carbonation. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. 영시한 3-2
Everyone knows that soft drinks are loaded with large amounts of sugar.
(A) Artificial sweeteners provide a sweet, sugary taste with fewer calories. This may seem like a good thing, but it really isn't. According to a recent study, artificial sweeteners make you want more sweet foods. This means that you may easily gain weight if you keep drinking diet soda. In addition, artificial sweeteners are known to generate headaches, emotional disorders, and sleeping problems. 2
(B) Having extra sugar means adding unnecessary calories. Over time, this can lead to obesity and other health problems, such as heart disease and diabetes. Even diet sodas are not safe. Diet sodas replace the sugar with artificial sweeteners. 1
(C) A typical 250ml can of soda contains 30 grams of sugar. WHO, the World Health Organization, recommends that people consume less than 25 grams of sugar a day. Therefore, if you drink one small can of soda, your daily sugar intake already exceeds the recommended amount. What is worse, people usually don't stop with one can. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. 영시한 3-3
Most soda contains several types of acids.
(A) Acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste. When added to water, it produces a sharp flavor. 0
(B) Also, the acid in sodas interacts with stomach acid, slowing digestion and blocking nutrient absorption. Furthermore, it can damage tooth enamel, the hard substance that protects your teeth. If you drink sodas regularly, your teeth decay more easily. 2
(C) Acid also delays the growth of bacteria, which extends the expiration date of a product. However, acid interferes with the body's ability to absorb calcium, and as a result, bone softening occurs. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. 영시한 3-4
When you hear the word "caffeine," you most likely think of coffee.
(A) For example, the artificial color Yellow No_6, used in some pineapple juices, adds nothing to the taste. It is just there to make the drink look pretty. Also, the artificial flavor that gives the drink its pineapple taste is not real pineapple juice at all. Studies have shown that excessive consumption of these kinds of chemicals can create problems such as kidney disease and ADHD. 2
(B) But some sodas, especially colas and carbonated energy drinks, also contain caffeine. Caffeine makes you feel more awake, but it may bring about an irregular heartbeat. A single can of cola may not affect you much, but if you consume colas regularly, they can make you feel more nervous and keep you from sleeping well at night. 0
(C) Artificial Colors and Artificial Flavors Soft drink companies attract consumers by adding bright colors and sweet flavors to their products. Most of these colors and flavors, however, are not natural. They are artificial chemicals. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. 영시한 3-5
You can see how the sugar, the acid, the caffeine, and the artificial chemicals in sodas are really not good for you.
(A) Of course, the best choice would be water. Water has no calories, no acid, no caffeine, and no chemicals of any kind. And if you want something to add a boost of flavor, put a slice of lemon in the water. 1
(B) If you can't break your soda drinking habits in a short period of time, don't be too hard on yourself. Once you start cutting back, you are heading in the right direction. 2
(C) Perhaps you might now understand that you should stop drinking them. However, if quitting sodas altogether sounds too difficult, cut down gradually. For example, replace one regular soft drink or one diet soda per day with another more healthy drink. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. 영시한 4-1
Imagine you are standing in a rainforest.
(A) Insects, birds, and monkeys are responsible for much of this noise. And sometimes there is another sound, one that does not belong in the forest at all. It is the buzz of a chainsaw. Every year some 13 million hectares of rainforest, an area about the size of England, disappears. 2
(B) Do you think it is a quiet, peaceful place? If so, you are wrong. The rainforest is actually a very noisy place. 1
(C) You are surrounded by tall trees, many of which are more than 40 meters tall. You are a hundred kilometers away from the nearest city. What do you hear? 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. 영시한 4-2
This loss destroys the habitats for millions of species and has a major effect on the jungle's biodiversity.
(A) The surprised loggers fled, but White was shocked. Despite the fact that they were still fairly close to the ranger station, it had been impossible to hear anything from back there. It is because the forest was so full of other sounds.2
(B) Also, it increases the amount of CO² in the air. Destruction of the rainforest is caused by logging, farming, mining, and other human activities. Among these, logging is the main reason for nature's loss. Some 70 to 80 percent of the logging in the rainforests is thought to be illegal. 0
(C) To address this problem, a young American engineer has invented a simple device that detects illegal logging the moment it occurs. It all started in 2011, when Topher White visited Indonesia as a volunteer. One day, he and some of the other volunteers set out from the ranger station on a walk into a protected rainforest. After walking only five minutes, his group came upon people who were cutting down trees illegally. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. 영시한 4-3
White started thinking about ways to help.
(A) This device would be placed high up in a tree. When it picked up the buzz of a saw, it would send a message to a ranger's cell phone. White knew that he had to protect the cell phone so that it could survive in the hot and wet rainforest environment. His solution was to put the phone in a plastic box. 1
(B) Since there was no electricity where the phone needed to be placed, the device had to be able to power itself. White attached solar panels to the cell phone. He was sure that the panels would work, even under the shade of the thick tree leaves. 2
(C) He knew that even in the jungle, far from the city, there was good cell phone service. He thought that perhaps cell phone technology could solve the problem. After he returned home to the U.S., in his father's garage he developed a small listening device using an old cell phone. He attached a sensitive microphone to the cell phone so that it could detect chainsaw noise from up to three kilometers away. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. 영시한 4-4
White returned to Indonesia to test the device.
(A) When they approached the logging spot, the illegal loggers ran away. White published his story on the Internet and word quickly spread. 1
(B) Surprisingly, on only the second day after he installed the device, it picked up chainsaw noises. An alert message was immediately sent to White and the forest rangers. 0
(C) People living in other countries contacted White and asked if they could use the device. Others, from around the world, started sending him their old cell phones so he could build more devices. These devices, called Rainforest Connection (RFCx), are now being used in the rainforests in Africa and South America. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. 영시한 4-5
One RFCx can protect 300 hectares of forest.
(A) Preventing this amount of CO² from being released has the same effect as taking 3,000 cars off the road for a year. 1
(B) If a forest of this size is cut, 15,000 tons of CO² are released into the air. 0
(C) These devices are saving rainforests and providing new life for thousands of discarded cell phones. Thanks to Topher White and his RFCx devices, the earth is now a better place to live. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. 영시한 5-1
How to Handle Haters.
(A) If you have ever been confused about what to do, you are not alone. Luckily for us, Benjamin Franklin, the American politician and inventor, came up with an answer more than 200 years ago. 2
(B) Have you ever known someone you just did not get along with? Maybe it was someone you had difficulty working with or it could have been someone you were always arguing with. 0
(C) This kind of situation can leave you wondering what you should do. Should you ignore them, be extra nice to them, or stand up to them? 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. 영시한 5-2
Benjamin Franklin was a very smart man, not just in politics and science, but also in his ability to deal with people.
(A) Franklin decided to try to change his enemy's opinion of him. To do this, he sent a letter to the man asking for a favor. 1
(B) He asked the man to lend him a very rare and valuable book, one that he knew the man had in his personal library. The man, Franklin's enemy, immediately sent him the book. Franklin read the book and returned it with a note of thanks. 2
(C) Once, when Franklin was serving as a representative for the people of the state of Pennsylvania, a powerful opponent made a long speech criticizing him. This speech was so powerful that it threatened Franklin's political career. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. 영시한 5-3
The next time Franklin met his enemy, the man was much nicer to him.
(A) "By asking a small favor of his enemy, Franklin gave the man a chance to do him a kindness. This turned his enemy into a friend. Today this phenomenon is known as the Benjamin Franklin effect. 1
(B) It is commonly thought that if you want people who do not like you to like you, you should do favors for them. However, if you want to try to create a connection with someone who does not like you, asking that person to do you a favor is more effective. To test this phenomenon, a psychologist performed an experiment and came to the same conclusion. 2
(C) They eventually became friends and remained so for the rest of their lives. In his autobiography, Franklin explained what happened. Franklin wrote, "He that has once done you a kindness will be more ready to do you another. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. 영시한 5-4
About 80 students were invited to participate in an experiment and were told they would be given some money after a series of tests.
(A) Group 1 was asked by the researcher to return some of the prize money. He explained that he had used his own money for the tests and the study was in danger of running out of funds. Group 2 was asked by a secretary to return some of the money to the institution because the budget was running low. 1
(B) A researcher was hired and made the students dislike him by being rude to them. The students took the tests and were all awarded the promised money. They were then divided into three groups. 0
(C) Group 3 was not asked to return any money. Afterward, all three groups were asked to rate how much they liked the researcher. The people in Group 1, who had done the researcher a personal favor by returning some of the money, rated the researcher the highest. Despite the fact that they had had a bad impression of him during the experiment, they had more positive feelings for him after returning "his money." 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. 영시한 5-5
How can it be that we feel more positively toward people for whom we do favors?
(A) He justified doing the favor by telling himself that Franklin was not a bad person after all and convinced himself that he actually liked Franklin. Is there someone with whom you would like to have a better relationship? Try asking that person for a small favor, such as lending you a pencil or watching your bag while you go to the restroom. Then see if their feelings toward you change. The chances are they will. 2
(B) It is because of what psychologists refer to as "cognitive dissonance. "We want our actions and our thoughts to be in harmony. When we do something that we do not like, the balance is broken, and we feel unhappy. If there is a conflict between our thoughts and our actions (cognitive dissonance), we will change one or the other to relieve the conflict. 0
(C) After lending Franklin the book, Franklin's enemy experienced cognitive dissonance. He felt troubled because he was doing something nice for someone he disliked. Feeling anxious and unhappy, he had to find a way to resolve his feelings. The easiest way for him to do that was to change how he thought about Franklin. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. 영시한 5-6
Every culture has proverbs about human relationships.
(A) Show me your friends and I'l tell you who you are - Russia. As distance tests a horse' strength, so does time reveal a person' character - China. Laughter is a language everyone understands - Chad. 1
(B) Read the following proverbs different countries and cultures and think about the meaning of each one. He who gets close to a good tree will have good shade - Spain. Kind words take the snake out of its hole - Turkey. 0
(C) A friend will cause you to weep, an enemy to laugh - Afghanistan. If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together - Africa. Lose your temper and you lose a friend; lie and you lose yourself - Native American. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. 영시한 6-1
Dabbawalas: Mumbai's Lunch Box Delivery Men In India, many traditions are today being challenged as a result of globalization.
(A) Dabbawalas are delivery men who carry hot lunch boxes for Mumbai office workers from their homes to their offices. The word dabbawala comes from the Hindi dabba meaning "lunch box," and wala meaning "the person who carries it." 2
(B) In Mumbai, many people who work in offices far from home rely on an express food delivery service run by dabbawalas. 1
(C) The practice of eating a home-cooked meal for lunch, however, continues. 0
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29. 영시한 6-2
Most dabbas, or lunches, reach their destination after passing through several pairs of hands.
(A) Another person loads each dabba onto the right train, sending them off in different directions. A third person rides on each of the trains with the dabbas. 1
(B) Finally, a fourth person picks up the boxes at the receiving station and distributes them, again by bicycle, to each customerʼ office, all by 12:30 p.m. The empty dabbas are picked up by 5:00 p.m. and are returned to their original addresses by the same team, following the same procedure in reverse. 2
(C) A typical scenario would have one person on a bicycle pick up a dabba by 9:00 a.m. from about thirty different addresses. After collecting all of the dabbas assigned to him, he takes them to the nearest train station. 0
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30. 영시한 6-3
The dabbawala service began around 1890, when a banker hired a young man to deliver a lunch box from his home to his Mumbai office.
(A) Those who use the dabbawala service are mostly middle-class office workers who live in one of Mumbai's suburbs. They have to leave for the office early in the morning, riding on a packed train. It would be difficult for them to carry their own dabba. Also, they often have dietary restrictions, depending upon their religion. 1
(B) Hindus do not eat beef, Muslims do not eat pork, and Jains do not eat onions and potatoes. As a result, it is not easy for workers to find the right food in restaurants near their office. To meet their dietary needs, Indian workers prefer their home-cooked meals, made especially for them. 2
(C) Other people liked the idea and copied it. When demand for the service expanded, a businessman started the lunch-delivery service in its present format. Now, more than 120 years later, the dabba is a unique part of the Mumbai culture. Why do Mumbai workers not take their lunch boxes with them in the morning, when they leave for the office? 0
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31. 영시한 6-4
Today approximately 5,000 dabbawalas cover 70 square kilometers in and around Mumbai.
(A) It is an amazing record, considering that most of the dabbawalas are illiterate and that not a single piece of paper is used in the delivery process. The secret to this error-free system is in a coding system. Each dabba carries a code, painted with different colors, numbers, and symbols. These codes tell the dabbawala where the food comes from and which railway stations it must pass through on its way to a specific office in a specific building, in Mumbai. 2
(B) They conduct about 400,000 transactions daily. 200,000 lunch boxes are delivered to offices every morning, six days a week, and 200,000 are returned home every afternoon. They even deliver in the pouring rain and during political strife. 0
(C) Surprisingly, hardly any cases of late or mistaken delivery are ever reported. Their motto is "error is horror. "The dabbawalas are proud of their 99.99 percent accuracy rate, which means just one mistake in every six million deliveries. 1
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32. 영시한 6-5
The dabbawala organization is an outstanding example of an efficient distribution system.
(A) Today, most people cannot imagine an efficient delivery system operating without the benefit of technology. Dabbawalas, however, demonstrate that with no form of technology, some of the old ways may still be the best ways.2
(B) It is simple, relies on teamwork, has a low operating cost, and delivers almost 100 percent customer satisfaction. 0
(C) It is not surprising, then, that business schools and large corporations around the world learn from the dabbawala system. 1
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33. 영시한 6-6
SWITZERLAND Watchmaking School Switzerland is world-renowned for its high-quality watches.
(A) Its first watchmaking school opened in the mid-1800s. Now Switzerland has several watchmaking schools whose students take the traditional watchmaking course. The class sizes are kept small to ensure that each student receives extensive individualized lessons from master watchmakers. ITALY Central Institute of Restoration Italy is a country filled with valuable cultural assets. 0
(B) They are recognized for their abundance of color, different patterns, and weaving techniques. With the aim to preserve and promote this living art, the Royal Textile Academy of Bhutan was created in 2005. Its mission is to educate, promote and preserve Bhutanese textiles. 2
(C) Therefore, the restoration and protection of the nation' cultural heritage is guaranteed by the Italian Constitution. The Central Institute of Restoration was founded in l939 to conserve and restore artworks and archaeological findings using scientific technology. Each year the four-year course accepts about 20 students who are selected through exams that are held by the Ministry of Cultural Heritage. BHUTAN Royal Textile Academy of Bhutan Bhutan is famous for its hand-woven textiles. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
34. 영시한 7-1
Gaudi Architect Inspired by Nature Most industrialized countries have produced a number of good architects.
(A) As a child, he was fascinated by the natural wonders of the surrounding countryside. Gaudi took an interest in architecture at a young age and studied architecture in Barcelona, the city that would become home to his greatest works. Gaudi's designs were deeply influenced by forms in nature. He understood that the natural world is full of curved lines, rather than straight lines. 1
(B) As a result, most of his constructions use curved stones and animal- or plant-shaped designs. Gaudi's work is also known for its use of bold colors. He decorated many of his buildings with colorful tiles. This combination of natural designs and bright colors creates a breathtaking visual experience. Here are some of Gaudi's greatest works, all of which are found in the city of Barcelona. 2
(C) Few countries, however, can claim to have produced a great architect. One country that can make that claim without embarrassment is Spain. There, at the summit of the nation's architectural genius, stands Antoni Gaudi (1852-1926). Gaudi was born in Catalonia, Spain, in 1852. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
35. 영시한 7-2
Parc Güell is a public park and is one of Gaudi's most decorative works.
(A) Known as "El Drac," which means "the dragon" in the language of Catalonia, this colorful fountain is a symbol of Parc Güell. On a hill within the park are curved terraces and multicolored tile seats where visitors can enjoy wonderful views of Barcelona and the sea beyond. 2
(B) At the entrance to the park are two buildings, both with curved roofs. These buildings seem to be taken directly from "Hansel and Gretel. "The park is also home to a famous dragon fountain, covered with beautiful colored tiles. 1
(C) Gaudi completed this park in 1914. It was built for Eusebi Güell, a rich businessman who admired Gaudi's style. Parc Güell contains amazing stone structures, gorgeous tiles, and beautiful buildings. 0
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36. 영시한 7-3
Casa Batllo is a house renovated by Gaudi between 1904 and 1906.
(A) Everything is curved, including the walls, the ceilings, and the wooden doors. Because of the curves, the Batllo family could not fit their traditional, straight furniture against the curved surfaces. Thus, Gaudi had to design special furniture for the family. 2
(B) Built in 1877, the original building was very different from what it is today. When it was purchased by Joseph Batllo, he asked Gaudi to add his impressive touch to the design. From the outside, Casa Batllo looks as if it has been made from skulls and bones. The "skulls" are in fact balconies and the "bones" are supporting stone columns between the windows. 0
(C) These details have given the house the nickname, the House of Bones. Gaudi decorated the building with colors and shapes found in the sea. Indeed, the design of the green and blue tiles on the wall remind people of the sea, while the curved window frames were inspired by ocean waves. The interior of the house is even more impressive. 1
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37. 영시한 7-4
Sagrada Familia is the most widely-known symbol of Barcelona and one of the world's largest churches.
(A) When completed, the highest tower will reach a height of 170 meters. The walls are decorated with sculptures that describe events in the Bible. When you step inside the church, the large columns supporting the ceiling immediately catch your eye. The columns branch out at the top so that each column looks like a huge tree. 1
(B) Begun in 1882, it has been under construction for more than one hundred years. It is expected that the church will be completed in 2026, on the 100th anniversary of Gaudi's death. Despite its incomplete state, Sagrada Familia's incredible design draws an estimated 2.5 million tourists every year. On the outside, the church will have 18 high towers. 0
(C) Between the columns are skylights to let natural light in. The colorful stained glass windows filter the sunlight and project red, blue, and green light all over the interior space. The tree-like columns and the different light at different times of the day transform the inside of the church into a stone forest. 2
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38. 영시한 7-5
These are only three of Gaudi's many works in or near Barcelona.
(A) All are recognized as important works of architecture, and seven have been named UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 0
(B) Even today his imaginative, creative, unique architecture characterizes the city of Barcelona. No visitor to Barcelona would want to leave without seeing these works of Antoni Gaudi. 2
(C) These extraordinary works show how important Gaudi was to the development of modern architecture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. 1
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39. 영시한 8-1
Robots May Rescue You from Future Disasters In 2011, an earthquake and its accompanying tsunami destroyed Japan's Fukushima nuclear power plant.
(A) The robots the Japanese were using, however, were not up to the task. Eventually, humans had to do most of the extremely dangerous work. 2
(B) Since it was impossible for humans to work in this environment, the Japanese government considered sending in robots to handle the situation. 1
(C) The resulting nuclear disaster released large amounts of radioactive material into the surrounding area. 0
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40. 영시한 8-2
Since then, there has been renewed emphasis on developing robots that can serve in dangerous situations.
(A) During the competition, the robots had to solve a series of problems they might come upon in a disaster situation. The tasks were: driving a vehicle, getting out of the vehicle, opening a door, locating and closing a leaking valve, using a drill to cut through a wall, pulling a plug out of a wall socket and then plugging it in, navigating rough terrain, and climbing stairs. HUBO completed all eight tasks in the shortest time of all the competitors – 44 minutes and 28 seconds. 1
(B) The key to HUBO's success was its ability to move from a standing position to a kneeling position. HUBO had wheels attached to its knees and feet. When kneeling, HUBO was able to use these wheels to move around quickly and decisively. 2
(C) In response to Japan's nuclear disaster, the 2015 DARPA Robotics Challenge was created to speed up the development of robots that could work in disaster-stricken areas. The competition attracted 25 teams from around the world. The winner was a Korean team from KAIST who developed a robot called HUBO. 0
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41. 영시한 8-3
From the beginning, HUBO was better than the other robots at performing the tasks.
(A) The task that took the longest time for HUBO was the sixth one, pulling a plug out of a wall socket and putting it back into another. It takes a human less than 10 seconds to perform the task, but it took HUBO 13 minutes and 30 seconds. 2
(B) It was able to drive a vehicle fast and when it encountered a barrier, it was able to turn the vehicle smoothly to avoid it. Next, it was able to get out of the car in less than four minutes and, once out of the vehicle, got on its knees and sped away. As the series of eight tasks became progressively more difficult, HUBO's performance on the tasks reflected the growing difficulty. 0
(C) On the fifth task, for which it had to use a drill to cut through a wall, HUBO failed on its first attempt. Generally speaking, it was difficult for a robot to hold a drill in the right position and simultaneously press an on/off button. On the second trial, however, HUBO successfully completed the task.1
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42. 영시한 8-4
For the final task, climbing stairs, it was important that the robot be able to see its feet.
(A) Other robots had difficulty doing this because they had to bend their bodies forward to see over their knees to scan the stairs. This awkward move caused them to lose their balance. HUBO solved this problem in a clever way.0
(B) That way, the robot's knees did not block the camera's view of either the feet or the floor. After scanning the stairs, the robot set off to climb to the top, completing the task effortlessly. 2
(C) It climbed the stairs backward. But how did it see the steps if it was moving backwards? By rotating its upper body 180 degrees. 1
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43. 영시한 8-5
This amazing robot was not made in a day.
(A) The KAIST team had already built four HUBOs and had been improving them for years. They practiced outdoors, in good weather and bad, and on rough terrain. They burned up motor after motor, but never gave up. 0
(B) They will be called upon to perform complicated tasks that will be too dangerous for humans. Scientists expect that these robots will save lives and reduce the damage caused by future disasters. 2
(C) They approached each failure as a challenge to make a faster, stronger, and better robot. The DARPA Robotics Challenge eventually ended, but it is only the beginning. In the future, there will be other robots like HUBO. 1
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44. 영시한 SP1-1
How Volunteering Abroad Changed My Life by Susan Shain I was about to board a plane, and I was scared.
(A) The year was 2005. The plane's destination? Tanzania. 1
(B) I'd never traveled anywhere so different before, and I had no idea what to expect. That scared me. But I had never been one to turn away from adventure, so when the rest of my group started boarding, I did, too. Little did I know that the next six weeks would change my life forever. 2
(C) Not because I was afraid of flying, but because I was afraid of what awaited me at my destination. "I could turn around now," I said to myself. "I could just go back to my part-time job and have a nice quiet summer." 0
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45. 영시한 SP1-2
What Volunteering in Tanzania Was Like I traveled to Tanzania as part of a university program the summer after my freshman year.
(A) I learned to cook ugali, milk a cow, and wear a kanga –. inspiring to witness their close family ties and endless positivity. Volunteering abroad taught me so much about the world and about myself. I grew more in those few weeks than I did my entire first year of college. 2
(B) By volunteering, I became part of the lives of local families — sharing meals, playing with their kids, and visiting their homes. These experiences were eye-opening, educational, and inspiring:. – eye-opening to see how few possessions they had, yet how much love and personal strength they had –. educational to experience their culture:. 1
(C) We spent several weeks volunteering at a community center and an orphanage. Though we did many other exciting things like going on safari and climbing Mt Kilimanjaro, it was our volunteering time that stuck with me. Volunteering allowed me to truly connect with the people in Tanzania. If I had not volunteered, I would never have got an inside look at their way of life. 0
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46. 영시한 SP1-3
How Volunteering Abroad Changed Me These are what volunteering gave me:.
(A) Volunteering gave me deep gratitude for the comforts and opportunities I used to take for granted. Appreciation for new cultures The local people are welcoming, strong, and overwhelmingly positive. Their language, clothing, and culture are beautiful. 1
(B) Growing up in rural New York State, I had never before experienced people so different from me. During my time in Tanzania, I learned to appreciate those differences. Volunteering abroad taught me the beauty of diversity. 2
(C) Gratitude for what I have When I returned home, I literally hugged my toilet, and I cried during my first hot shower. I didn't have these things in Tanzania. To this day, I sometimes say a silent "Thank you" as I turn on the tap to get a drink of water. 0
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47. 영시한 SP1-4
Hunger for exploration Though I was happy to return home, I was confident it would not be my last adventure.
(A) After experiencing this in Tanzania, I decided to help people wherever and whenever I could for them and for myself. It is something I try to do every day. 2
(B) Commitment to helping people I will be honest: Volunteering feels good. Giving back to others and seeing the smiles on their faces is a feeling unmatched by anything else. 1
(C) I knew I wanted to continue exploring, meeting people from different backgrounds, trying new foods, and discovering unique landscapes. It made me a travel addict. 0
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48. 영시한 SP1-5
It has now been 10 years since I traveled to Tanzania, and these principles still guide me.
(A) I will never know the answers to these questions. But I do know I will be forever grateful I got on that plane. Volunteering abroad led me to the life I have today — which I wouldn't change for anything. 2
(B) Sometimes I wonder what my life would be like if I had not got on that plane to East Africa. Would I have ever tasted ugali, danced with the Masai, or bathed an elephant? Would I be the person I am today? 1
(C) I graduated from college in 2008, and ever since, I have been working and traveling around the world. I have volunteered everywhere from Korea to France to Nicaragua to North Carolina. I practice gratitude daily and am always trying to meet new people and learn about different ways of life. 0
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49. 영시한 SP1-6
The Secret to Happiness.
(A) Scientific research provides convincing data to support the evidence that giving is a powerful path to lasting happiness. Researchers have found that the areas in our brains that feel pleasure become activated when we give —meaning that besides doing good, donating our money or time actually makes us feel good. This feeling is similar to a "runner's high," a term created for that feel-good sensation that rushes through your body after a run. They use the term "helper's high" to describe what happens to your body and your brain when you are kind to another person or give to them in some way. Helping others may just be the secret to living a life that is not only happier but also healthier, wealthier, more productive, and meaningful. 2
(B) For centuries, the greatest thinkers have suggested the same thing:. Happiness is found in helping others. And so we learn early: It is better to give than to receive. But is there a deeper truth behind this statement? The answer is yes. 1
(C) There is a Chinese saying that goes:. "If you want happiness for an hour, take a nap. If you want happiness for a day, go fishing. If you want happiness for a year, inherit a fortune. If you want happiness for the rest of your life, help somebody." 0
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50. 영시한 SP1-7
< CULTURE > Volunteers around the World Mealshare Mealshare is a non-profit organization founded by two young men from Canada in 2013.
(A) Volunteers gather for the clean-up and are provided with cleaning tools such as plastic gloves and bags. Volunteers record what they pick up and the data is used to find out the sources of trash, and to study how to reduce trash. 2
(B) With "uy One, Give One"motto, Mealshare partners with restaurants, and places its symbol next to a few menu items. When a customer orders a Mealshare item, the restaurant donates $1 to Mealshare. With the collected money, meals for people in need are served. 0
(C) Teens for Jeans Started by a non-profit organization, it is a campaign in which teenagers in the U.S. collect pairs of jeans and give them to local homeless youth. Many schools and teenagers have donated over five million pairs of jeans since the campaign started in 2008. COASTSWEEP It is an international clean-up campaign organized in the U.S. 1
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51. 영시한 SP2-1
To Kill a Mockingbird In the early part of the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, the heroine and her brother are told by their father never to kill a mockingbird.
(A) Miss Maudie answers:. "Your father's right. All mockingbirds do is make music for us to enjoy. 1
(B) "I hope you shoot only tin cans in the garden, but I know you'll want to hunt birds," he says to his children, who are learning how to shoot a gun. "Shoot as many bluejays as you want, but remember that it's a sin to kill a mockingbird. "Puzzled, the heroine asks Miss Maudie, her kind and clever neighbor, why she should not kill a mockingbird. 0
(C) They don't eat up people's gardens or steal their food. They only sing their hearts out for us. That's why it's a sin to kill a mockingbird." 2
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52. 영시한 SP2-2
In To Kill a Mockingbird, there are characters like mockingbirds, who are innocent and harmless.
(A) Lee wrote To Kill a Mockingbird based on her own childhood experiences. Just like the heroine of the novel, she grew up in Alabama and saw many African-American people treated cruelly and unfairly. Her criticism against racism and her wish for a more fair and understanding world are well expressed in this book. 1
(B) However, they are often hurt and sometimes even killed by others. Through their stories, the author Harper Lee shows how an unfair society harms innocent people and prevents others from helping them. At the same time, she also shows how important it is to remain just, fair, and understanding in such a society. 0
(C) For this reason, To Kill a Mockingbird has long been a book loved not only by Americans but also by many people around the world. It has been translated in 40 different languages, and more than 40 million copies have been sold. 2
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53. 영시한 SP2-3
To Kill a Mockingbird is the story of a young girl growing up in a southern town during the 1930s, when African-American people were facing severe discrimination.
(A) He has not been seen by anyone for many years, and the adults of Maycomb do not want to talk about him. Curious about what he looks like and why he remains hidden, the children share rumors about him and try to get him to come out of his house. While they are acting out the story of his life one day, Atticus stops them, telling them to see things from other people's points of view. 2
(B) Scout, Jem, and their friend Dill are fascinated by the haunted house in their neighborhood and the man who lives there, Arthur "Boo"Radley. Boo is known as a "Monster" for stabbing his father in his leg when he was a boy, but no one actually witnessed the accident. 1
(C) The six-year-old heroine, Scout Finch, lives with her brother Jem and their father Atticus in Maycomb, a little town in Alabama where things do not change quickly. Here, the same families have been doing the same things for generation after generation, and Atticus is a lawyer just like his father was. 0
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54. 영시한 SP2-4
Despite the children's playful actions, Boo shows signs of affection for them.
(A) Meanwhile, Atticus agrees to defend an African-American man named Tom Robinson, who has been accused of attacking a young white woman, Mayella Ewell. Most of the white people in Maycomb do not understand why Atticus would defend this African-American man. 1
(B) He leaves small gifts in a tree outside the Radley home, fixes and returns Jem's lost pants, and puts a blanket on Scout's shoulders, while she is out in the cold weather looking at a neighbor's house that is on fire. However, he never shows himself, so Scout grows more and more curious about him. 0
(C) They are angered by Atticus's effort to give Tom the best defense possible. Jem and Scout are also bullied by other children because of this. 2
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55. 영시한 SP2-5
One day during the trial, Atticus provides clear evidence that Tom never attacked Mayella and that she and her father, Bob Ewell, are lying.
(A) Nevertheless, the all-white jury decides that Tom is guilty. Tom later tries to escape from prison and is shot to death, and Scout finds that most of her neighbors don't care about this. Both Atticus and his children are shocked by the injustice of what has happened to Tom. 0
(B) Scout realizes that this man is Boo Radley. She and the wounded Jem are brought back to their house by Boo. 2
(C) Despite the fact that Tom has been convicted and is now dead, Bob Ewell feels that he has been insulted and tries to take his revenge. He threatens Tom's wife, tries to break into the judge's house, and finally attacks Jem and Scout as they walk home from a Halloween party. However, a strange man comes to rescue them. 1
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56. 영시한 SP2-6
When the sheriff arrives, he discovers that Ewell was stabbed to death during the fight.
(A) However, he does not charge anyone with murder. He knows that any further investigation will harm Boo, and he doesn't want to do that because he knows that Boo has risked himself to save the children. 0
(B) Standing on the porch of the Radley house, she sees the village as Boo has always seen it. She imagines seeing herself and her brother from Boo's perspective and finally understands what her father meant when he told her to put herself in other people's places. 2
(C) After the sheriff leaves and Jem is safely put to bed, Scout and Boo walk arm-in-arm back to Boo's house. When Boo disappears into the house, never to be seen again, Scout thinks about all the things he has done for her and Jem and regrets that they have never given him anything in return. 1
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57. 영시한 SP2-7
"Atticus was right," she thinks.
(A) "One time he said you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them. 0
(B) "The various events that she experienced taught Scout how unjust and ugly the adult world was. However, they also taught her the importance of sympathy, understanding, and a sense of justice. 2
(C) Just standing there on the Radley porch was enough. 1
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[ANSWER]
1. ⑤ 2. ④ 3. ③ 4. ① 5. ② 6. ④ 7. ② 8. ⑤ 9. ⑤ 10. ④
11. ① 12. ④ 13. ⑤ 14. ① 15. ③ 16. ④ 17. ⑤ 18. ③ 19. ④ 20. ②
21. ② 22. ③ 23. ④ 24. ④ 25. ② 26. ③ 27. ② 28. ⑤ 29. ④ 30. ④
31. ③ 32. ③ 33. ① 34. ④ 35. ⑤ 36. ③ 37. ② 38. ① 39. ⑤ 40. ④
41. ③ 42. ① 43. ① 44. ④ 45. ⑤ 46. ④ 47. ⑤ 48. ⑤ 49. ⑤ 50. ③
51. ② 52. ② 53. ⑤ 54. ② 55. ① 56. ① 57. ①
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esh1 | Since 2005 임희재 | 블루티쳐학원 | 01033383436 | 200710 22:49:58
PARA
1. 영1시한 1-1
Failure Is Our Friend.
(A) He was one of the world's greatest inventors, and he acquired over 1,000 patents. Like a wizard, he seemed to take ideas from thin air. However, he also faced tremendous difficulties. Edison is said to have failed 9,999 times before creating a perfect light bulb. Unlike the average person, Edison saw these mistakes not as failures but as an inevitable part of the invention process. 1
(B) In response to a question about his errors, he once said, "I have not failed 9,999 times. I've successfully found 9,999 ways that will not work." Of course, he was right. He was able to achieve success after failing repeatedly. 2
(C) No one wants to fail. We all want to succeed in everything we try and to avoid failure. Nonetheless, failing and learning from our bitter experiences is necessary for success. In fact, the most successful people are often people who have experienced many more failures than others. One of the most famous examples of someone who learned from failure was Thomas Edison.0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
2. 영1시한 1-2
These failures can not only motivate us to find a successful way to accomplish our goal but also help us to grow in wisdom and in spirit.
(A) Later in her life, Morrison wrote masterpieces such as Song of Solomon, Beloved, and Jazz. In 1993, she became the first African-American woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. 2
(B) Toni Morrison began writing when she was in college, but she did not produce anything good enough to publish for many years. Her troubled marriage, divorce, and life as a single mother made it even harder for her to write. 0
(C) At 39, she published her first novel, The Bluest Eye, which received mixed reviews and did not sell well. However, all her hardships added depth to her novels and encouraged her to improve her writing skills. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
3. 영1시한 1-3
Sometimes failure can lead us to success by showing us that we are not good at something.
(A) She experienced a brutal letdown. While staying in Paris, she happened to discover her passion for and talent in fashion design, which led her to move to fashion as a career. After returning to America, she started working as a salesperson in a clothing store. 1
(B) The fashion designer Vera Wang, for example, found a path to success, thanks to her failure. At the age of seven, she began devoting herself to figure skating, hoping to compete in the Olympics. When she was 19, however, she failed to make the U.S. Olympic team and quit figure skating. 0
(C) Developing her career from editor of a fashion magazine to design director for a global brand for about 20 years, she eventually ended up designing clothes on her own. Today, Vera Wang is a world-famous designer whose elegant dresses are sought after by celebrities the world over. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
4. 영1시한 1-4
Still, wouldn't it be even better if we could be successful without ever failing?
(A) As a result, the always successful person or organization could suddenly encounter a disaster. Between the 1960s and the 1980s, NASA, the U.S. agency in charge of researching and exploring space, completed one successful mission after another with no significant failure. 1
(B) We may think so, but in the end, performing without failure doesn't necessarily produce lasting success. All success with no failure often leads a person to arrogance and carelessness. 0
(C) In 1968, it launched Apollo 8, the first manned spacecraft to fly around the moon. In 1969, Apollo 11 landed on the moon, and the NASA astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person in history to walk on the moon. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
5. 영1시한 1-5
During the following years, NASA successfully sent five other rockets to the moon.
(A) In 1986, NASA planned to send its second space shuttle, Challenger, into orbit. Right before the launch, engineers expressed concerns about mechanical malfunctions and advised that the launching be postponed. 1
(B) Even when the oxygen tank in Apollo 13 exploded on its way to the moon in 1970, its entire crew was rescued, and they were able to return home safely. This continued series of successes made the decision-makers at NASA too self-assured and unable to imagine failure. 0
(C) However, NASA managers did not take their warnings seriously and launched Challenger as planned. Challenger broke apart 73 seconds after it was launched, resulting in the deaths of its seven crew members. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
6. 영1시한 1-6
Edison, Morrison, and Wang all suffered big failures, but they never gave up.
(A) She remarked, "Failure taught me things about myself that I could have learned no other way." By risking and confronting failures and learning from them, we can become wiser and stronger. 2
(B) After all, the only way to avoid failures is to do nothing. JK Rowling said that suffering many failures in her life eventually enabled her to write the Harry Potter series. 1
(C) They learned from their mistakes and went on to experience even greater triumphs. Like many successful people, we should view failure not as the opposite of success, but as an indispensable step on the path to reach success. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
7. 영1시한 2-1
The Evolution of the Camera.
(A) In the movie Argo, a group of American embassy staff members try to escape from a foreign country before the enemy finds them. To prevent the enemy from identifying them, they attempt to eliminate all the photographs inside the embassy along with all embassy documents. While they are hiding and waiting for rescue, the enemy reassembles the torn pieces of the photographs to find out what the escapees look like. 0
(B) There would be too many pictures floating around on the Internet to find and erase. This example points out how differently we handle photographs today from how we did in the past. At the center of this change is the ever-evolving technology of the camera. 2
(C) These staff members must leave the country before their photographs are reconstructed. This story only makes sense because it is set in 1980. If a similar incident happened today, it would be impossible for the embassy employees to destroy their photographs in time. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
8. 영1시한 2-2
From the Film Camera to the Digital Camera.
(A) As a result, most people are taking far more photographs than ever they would have before. In the past, when a family took a trip to the countryside for the weekend, they might have taken 10 to 20 photographs. Today, many families will take 100 to 200 pictures during the same countryside trip. When they return home, they can choose the shots they want to keep and discard the rest. 2
(B) A photographer needed to learn how to decide an adequate composition for the picture, to adjust the focal length, and to set the film and the shutter speed before shooting. It was important to prepare carefully if a person was going to take a good photograph, because it was nearly impossible to change anything once the photograph had been taken. The digital camera has changed all that. Since today's digital cameras store photographs in the form of digital images, no film is needed. In other words, taking pictures with a digital camera is practically free. 1
(C) Before the digital camera was invented, we had the film camera. It captured an image on a piece of film every time we took a picture. Once used, the film could not be erased or reused. To take pictures, photographers needed not only a camera, but also film, which they had to buy every time they wanted to take another photograph. Furthermore, taking a photograph required knowledge, skill, and practice. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
9. 영1시한 2-3
The discarded pictures cost them nothing, except perhaps a little time.
(A) Thus, people took pictures mostly on special occasions, such as weddings, graduations, and trips to exotic places. Now we can take pictures of anything we want, whenever we want. No one thinks that taking a picture of tonight's dinner, a lovely pet, or a book you like, is strange or a waste of money. 2
(B) Moreover, the digital camera has made it astonishingly easy to take photographs by making all the shooting processes automatic. People who know next to nothing about photography can still produce high-quality photographs. 0
(C) The transition from the film camera to the digital camera has changed our idea about what to take pictures of. When photographers used film in the past, each photo cost money. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
10. 영1시한 2-4
The Smartphone and Citizen Journalism.
(A) By integrating the mobile phone and the camera, the smartphone has further transformed the way we use and think about photography. Nowadays, whenever we want to take a picture, our camera is already in our hand, in our smartphone. 0
(B) Taking a photograph of oneself was difficult and not often done in the past. However, the smartphone made it so convenient and popular that taking a photograph of oneself, or a selfie, is now one of the most common types of photography on the Internet. It can be said that the smartphone lets everyone use photography as a tool for self-expression. 2
(C) The smartphone has also made it easier to share our photographs with others since smartphones come with a wireless Internet connection and social networking apps. These features of the smartphone have resulted in new picture-taking habits. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
11. 영1시한 2-5
The smartphone also enables ordinary people to gather, report, and spread news without relying on the mainstream media, such as newspapers or television.
(A) Internationally, citizen journalism has played a crucial role in letting the world know the realities of major world events, such as the earthquake in Haiti and the Arab Spring. 2
(B) This practice is called citizen journalism. 0
(C) Thanks to citizen journalists, inappropriate or inconsiderate behaviors such as leaving one's pet's droppings on the street or abusing a bus driver are quickly photographed and reported online. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
12. 영1시한 2-6
By any measure, the world today is far different from the world as it was in the film Argo.
(A) Some people worry that these changes have made us preoccupied with taking pictures and flooding the Internet with too many unimportant images.1
(B) There may be some truth in that, but it cannot be denied that technology today has made photography an essential part of our culture and that it has altered the way people see the world. 2
(C) There are infinitely more photographs and amateur photographers now than there were 40 years ago. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
13. 영1시한 3-1
Kim Whanki, Painter of Korean Beauty.
(A) Kim Whanki, one of the most beloved Korean artists, is considered the leading figure in the first generation of Korean Abstract painters. He is more than just that, however. All his life, he devoted himself to discovering the essence of Korean beauty. Moreover, he was a man who never ceased to challenge himself and grow as an artist. 0
(B) When the Korean War broke out in 1950, he went to Busan for safety. His paintings Shanty and Refugee Train portrayed the hard life of the common people during wartime. However, these paintings are not depressing images. Bright colors and simple lines show hope for life among people who did not give in to their difficult circumstances. 2
(C) Kim Whanki was born in 1913, on a small island in South Jeolla Province. During the Japanese occupation, he spent most of his adolescent years in Seoul and then studied painting in Japan. It was during this time that he became familiar with new trends in Western art, including Abstract painting. After Korea achieved its independence from Japan, he became both a promising painter and respected professor at an art college in Seoul. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
14. 영1시한 3-2
Returning to Seoul after the war, Kim Whanki felt a strong desire to capture the essence of the beauty found in traditional Korean art.
(A) He collected old Korean paintings and pottery. He especially loved large white porcelain moon jars. When he was asked why moon jars attracted him so much, he said, "Korean jars have broadened my idea of beauty. 0
(B) At the time, his painting style was semi-abstract;. Viewers could see certain forms in his paintings although the objects were simplified. 2
(C) The jars are like curious textbooks for my paintings." Along with jars, he often included mountains, plum blossoms, and the moon as subjects in his paintings. Paintings like Jars and Plum Blossoms and Jar and Moon represent his love of Korean pottery and other traditional objects. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
15. 영1시한 3-3
By the early 1950s, although Kim Whanki had become successful as an artist, he was not satisfied with being an outstanding painter only within Korea.
(A) During this period, objects were given more simplified shapes, and his art became more abstract. In his famous work Song of Eternity, he included natural objects from the sipjangsaeng, the 10 symbols of eternal life, such as water, stones, mountains, clouds, and pine trees. 1
(B) In 1956, he resigned from the college and went to Paris, where he lived for three years. He concentrated on delivering the beauty of traditional Korean objects on canvas to the people of France. 0
(C) It was praised by art critics for combining Asian concepts and ideals with abstraction. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
16. 영1시한 3-4
Kim Whanki returned to Seoul in 1959 and quickly regained his fame as a prominent artist.
(A) Once an art dealer lied to him and sold his paintings without paying him. On another occasion, a group of paintings were lost during an exhibition. With loneliness and financial difficulty, he tried to find a way to survive in New York as an artist. 2
(B) In 1963 at the age of 50, he became the first Korean artist to be invited to the São Paulo Art Biennale in Brazil. Meeting artists from all over the world and seeing their works, he decided to go directly from São Paulo to New York to challenge himself and extend his artistic boundaries. 0
(C) Life in New York was not easy. In the beginning, he received negative reviews from critics. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
17. 영1시한 3-5
During his 11 years in New York, Kim Whanki's style eventually reached complete abstraction.
(A) Kim Whanki explained, "The dots are the faces of all my friends in Korea. The faces I was longing for became the stars in my mind and the dots in my painting." Starting with that work, he began to use only dots and created his own unique style called "dot painting." 1
(B) In dot paintings, he filled big canvases with countless dots. Most of these paintings were in his characteristic blue tones, which represented the color of the sea near his hometown. 2
(C) He gradually took away figures and filled his canvases with basic elements such as dots and lines. His masterpiece, completed in 1970, Where, in What Form, Shall We Meet Again?, is covered with thousands of blue dots. The title was taken from a famous poem by Kim Kwangsup, which is about looking at the stars and longing for loved ones. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
18. 영1시한 3-6
In the Evening Kim Kwangsup Of all those numerous stars, one in particular looks down upon me.
(A) As the night grows deeper, it fades into brightness and I disappear into darkness. 1
(B) Of all these countless people, my eyes are set upon one particular star. 0
(C) Where, in what form shall the two of us... you, one so warm, and me, one so tender, meet again? 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
19. 영1시한 3-7
Kim Whanki passed away in New York in 1974.
(A) Meanwhile, his life story helps us realize how important it is to be true to and passionate about our dreams and ideals. 2
(B) Almost half a century has passed since his death, but his art is still highly respected. 1
(C) Throughout his entire life, his artistic passion never grew old or became weak. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
20. 영1시한 4-1
Last winter, my family and I visited Penang Island, Malaysia.
(A) I had always been interested in Malaysia because it is a multicultural country, where Chinese, Indian, Islamic, and traditional Malay cultures coexist with European influences. In addition, we chose Penang as our destination because it is famous for its street art, something that both my mother and I are interested in. 0
(B) As a center of trade between the East and the West, George Town has been home to a diverse population for a long time and has many beautiful, historically important buildings. For these reasons, it is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 2
(C) Penang is a tropical island located off the northwest coast of Malaysia. Its capital, George Town, was built by British settlers in the late 18th century and named after King George III. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
21. 영1시한 4-2
In the last week of January, my family and I flew to Penang.
(A) Laksa is a spicy noodle soup that blends Chinese and Malay cuisine. People from different regions and cultures have invented different types of laksa. Penang asam laksa is made with fresh seafood and has a sour, spicy taste. At first I thought it looked like Kalguksu in a Korean Ramyeon sauce, but with a strange smell. 1
(B) As soon as we entered George Town, I was struck by its unique beauty. European-and Asian-style buildings stood side by side, and many buildings looked neither completely Western nor completely Eastern but a mixture of the two. Having left our luggage at the hotel, my family and I walked around the city. First, we stopped at a nearby restaurant and had asam laksa for lunch. 0
(C) When I tasted it, however, I found it was really delicious. The soup was very rich, and its sour, spicy taste was very refreshing. After finishing lunch, we visited some famous, old buildings. Among them, my favorite was Blue Mansion, a large, luxurious house built in the 19th century. Painted in vivid blue and built in a style that combined Chinese and European architecture, it was both beautiful and unique at the same time. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
22. 영1시한 4-3
The next day, we went to see some impressive historical temples.
(A) It was terrific to see how all these different religious temples coexist in the same area. On the third day, we went to Armenian Street. It is called that because many Armenian immigrants moved to this district in the 19th century. However, they did not stay long, and soon Chinese traders replaced them. 1
(B) As a result, many of the buildings on Armenian Street have unusual appearances. They appear to have been designed and begun by Europeans but decorated and finished by Chinese. Although there were many white buildings, some badly in need of paint, there were also many other buildings painted in yellow, pink, orange, and brick-red. The colorfulness and slightly different decorations of the buildings made the whole street look really delightful. 2
(C) First, we stopped by the Kapitan Keling Mosque, the largest Mosque in George Town. Visitors wearing shorts are not allowed to enter, so I had to borrow a long skirt to get in. Then, we went to see Sri Maha Mariamman Temple, which is covered with colorful carvings of countless Hindu gods and goddesses. Lastly, we visited Kek Lok Si, the largest Buddhist temple in Malaysia located in a suburb of George Town. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
23. 영1시한 4-4
We also saw some of Penang's famous street art on Armenian Street and more on nearby Cannon Street.
(A) I was amazed by the diverse styles of murals. Some of them were quite realistic, while others were artistically simplified or somewhat abstract. 0
(B) A famous mural of two children riding a bicycle, for example, was created by a famous artist named Ernest Zacharevic. My favorite pieces were the mural of a very large cat and another painting of two cute little owls. 2
(C) A few combined actual things such as a bicycle or a cart with paintings on the wall. I was also surprised to learn that these works of art were created not only by local people but also by artists from all parts of the world. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
24. 영1시한 4-5
On the last day of our trip, we visited the Little Penang Street Market, a street market that is held on the last Sunday of each month.
(A) The seller explained that it was traditional artwork made by the Orang Asli, the inhabitants who have lived in Malaysia longer than anyone else. After having lunch at a food stall, we left for the airport. 2
(B) The atmosphere was so lively and exciting that the entire event felt more like a small festival than a market. My parents bought a small wooden sculpture of a monkey. 1
(C) It was one of the reasons why we decided to take this trip near the end of January. The Little Penang Street Market is known as the best place to see local crafts, and it really was full of beautiful ethnic goods, including clothes, shoes, wood carvings, woven baskets, and much more. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
25. 영1시한 4-6
On our way home, I thought that Malaysia and Korea might have more in common than I had originally imagined.
(A) I was deeply impressed by how the Malaysians have embraced their diversity and how it has made its culture richer. 1
(B) Like Korea, Malaysia was occupied by other countries but overcame this tragic history to achieve economic and cultural development. 0
(C) Korea is also becoming an increasingly diverse country. The trip to Penang makes me wonder what Seoul will be like in the future. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
26. 영1시한 5-1
French fries, which are often served with fast foods, are one of the best known American side dishes.
(A) Instead of French fries, the French have traditionally enjoyed roasted potatoes with chicken for their Sunday lunch. Potato pancakes and potato soups are popular traditional dishes in Germany, while fish and chips is one of the most popular street foods in England. 2
(B) The real inventors of the so-called "French" fries were not the French but the Belgians. 1
(C) It is said that Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, tasted these fried potatoes in France and brought the recipe home to America. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
27. 영1시한 5-2
The potato has become such an important part of Western food culture that it is hard to believe that it has had such a relatively short history in Europe.
(A) For this reason, potatoes were most often given to animals, while people ate them only when there was nothing else to eat. The potato gradually but steadily spread across Europe, as people learned how it could help them in times of war, bad weather, and desperate hunger. 2
(B) Most people thought potatoes looked too ugly for people to eat. Some even believed that potatoes were created by devils. 1
(C) The potato has been grown by South American Indians in the Andes Mountains for nearly 10,000 years, but it was only 500 years ago when the Europeans learned about this vegetable and brought it to their homelands. At first, Europeans did not like this unfamiliar and alien food. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
28. 영1시한 5-3
Hunger was a common part of everyday life in 17th- and 18th-century Europe.
(A) Not only did potatoes grow well in much of Europe, but they were also very nutritious. Once Europeans began to grow potatoes, their food supplies doubled in quantity and increased dramatically in quality. Throughout Europe, potatoes quickly became the main source of nutrition for the majority of common people. 1
(B) By the end of the 18th century, potatoes had taken over most European farms, and famine had become a rare and unusual incident. At long last, Europe was able to feed itself. 2
(C) The average European not only often went hungry, but sometimes even starved to death. Many countries suffered nationwide famines at least once every decade. The potato changed all that. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
29. 영1시한 5-4
Thanks to the fact that the potato was inexpensive and nutritious, many Europeans escaped famines, and the populations in European nations increased rapidly during the 19th century.
(A) It was easier to grow potatoes than many other crops, so fewer people were needed for farming. 1
(B) Furthermore, the potato indirectly led to the Industrial Revolution in 19th century England. 0
(C) People who no longer worked on farms came to the cities and became factory workers, enabling new manufacturing industries to grow more quickly. With the larger populations and more advanced technologies, European nations became powerful enough to venture into other parts of the world and colonize them. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
30. 영1시한 5-5
The impact of the potato in Europe was not entirely positive.
(A) Many countries were affected, but Ireland suffered the most. In two months, the disease wiped out almost half of the potato crop in Ireland. 1
(B) It was much more complicated. Because the people of Ireland were excessively dependent upon the potato for food, when a potato disease hit Europe in 1845, it led to a disastrous situation. 0
(C) The situation continued to worsen. By 1852, more than one million Irish people, about 20 percent of the population, had starved to death, while another two million people had fled Ireland, and almost three-quarters of them had migrated to the United States. It was one of the deadliest famines in history. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
31. 영1시한 5-6
Despite the terrible outcome of the potato disease in Europe, it was perhaps less important in the potato's history than the Colorado potato beetle was in North America.
(A) After a series of desperate attempts, one man eventually found that Paris green, a toxic chemical used for making green paint, killed the beetles. Soon farmers were spraying it on their potatoes. Farmers were not the only people to find a new use for Paris green. Chemists saw what the farmers were doing and decided to try Paris green on other pests. 1
(B) In the 1860s, the potato beetle was carried by horses and cows from Mexico to the state of Colorado in the United States. There it attacked potatoes and spread quickly when potatoes were shipped to other parts of the country on trains and steamships. Until that time, American farmers had only planted a few varieties of potatoes, and the potatoes that they planted were extremely vulnerable to the pest. As a result, farmers were practically defenseless against this pest. 0
(C) They then decided to try other chemicals for other problems. Scientists began to do research and discover chemicals and substances that were effective for many different agricultural problems. That was the beginning of the modern pesticide industry. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
32. 영1시한 5-7
Often, the course of history is changed by seemingly insignificant things.
(A) The potato changed Europe first by freeing the European people from hunger. 1
(B) It then went on to prepare the ground for the Industrial Revolution, the rise of the European empires, and new techniques in farming. As a result, this simple vegetable, which was once unwanted and thought to be ugly, has shaped the modern world as we know it. 2
(C) In this case, it was changed by the potato. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
33. 영1시한 6-1
When Jeff Bush, a 37-year-old Florida man, screamed out for help, his brother Jeremy ran into Jeff's bedroom.
(A) I tried everything I could, but I couldn't get him out," Jeremy cried. It was a sinkhole that instantly pulled Jeff into the earth. A sinkhole is a hole that opens up in the ground caused by a collapse of the land surface. 1
(B) Seeing that Jeff and all his furnishings had vanished into the earth, Jeremy desperately tried to rescue him. He didn't stop until the police arrived. "I tried so hard. 0
(C) Sinkholes vary in size from 1 to 600 meters deep. Some sinkholes are large enough to swallow entire buildings. Sinkholes have been around for a long time. It is said that the ancient Maya believed sinkholes were passageways to the world of the dead. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
34. 영1시한 6-2
Unlike the sinkhole in Florida, not all sinkholes are dangerous, destructive, and ruinous.
(A) The Great Blue Hole in Belize is one of the most spectacular; it is 300 meters wide and 124 meters deep. 2
(B) Some sinkholes attract tourists who are interested in the mystery and the beauty of nature. Some notable sinkholes include Sima Humboldt in Venezuela, which is 314 meters deep and Xiaozhai Tiankeng in China, 662 meters deep and 626 meters wide. 0
(C) Sinkholes can form underwater, too. Underwater sinkholes are called blue holes. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
35. 영1시한 6-3
Sinkholes typically occur in areas where the rock beneath the surface soil is limestone, carbonate rock, sandstone, or some other soft rock that is easily worn away by water.
(A) Slowly and continually, sometimes taking hundreds or thousands of years, the water erodes small parts of the rock, creating cracks underground. As the process continues, the soil above is gradually washed into the cracks, and it creates a space in the soil. It is not seen on the surface. 1
(B) These kinds of rocks are found in many parts of Florida, Texas, and Kentucky in the U.S. They are also common in the U.K., Mexico, Belize, Slovenia, Croatia, and China. When rainwater seeps down through surface soil, it eventually reaches bedrock below. 0
(C) As the space becomes too large to support the soil above, it collapses, and a hole opens up on the surface. Though sinkholes form gradually, the final collapse of the surface happens suddenly. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
36. 영1시한 6-4
Rainwater erodes the bedrock, creating cracks underground.
(A) As the space cannot support the soil above, it collapses, and a hole opens up. 2
(B) The space in the soil grows over time. 1
(C) The soil above the cracks is washed into the cracks, creating a space in the soil. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
37. 영1시한 6-5
The most common factor that triggers a collapse is a change in underground water levels.
(A) Most sinkholes we are seeing these days are indirectly related to human activities, such as drilling, mining, or construction. They may also occur because of broken water pipes, heavy weight on soft soil, and the removal of groundwater. Collapses from these man-made causes can have especially dramatic effects because they often occur in the middle of a street or in housing areas. 2
(B) For example, during long periods of drought, underground water levels will fall. When this happens, the space that was once supported by the water may become weaker and collapse. Another trigger is a rapid increase in surface water. 0
(C) A sudden heavy rain can add dramatically to the weight of the surface soil, making it too heavy for the space beneath to bear. This, too, can bring about a collapse. Sometimes the trigger can be man-made. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
38. 영1시한 6-6
Recently, many sinkholes have opened up in urban areas around the world, sometimes resulting in tragic accidents.
(A) In 2010, in Guatemala City, an area approximately 20 meters wide and 30 meters deep collapsed, swallowing a three story factory and killing 15 people. The sinkhole was caused by the increase of surface water due to tropical storm Agatha and leakage from a local waste water pipe. 0
(B) Sinkholes caused by human carelessness can often be prevented. Thorough soil testing prior to construction and maintaining the underground water and plumbing systems are the best ways to prevent the formation of a sinkhole in the middle of a city. 2
(C) Generally speaking, naturally occurring sinkholes cannot be prevented. However, if you live in an area where sinkholes have happened before, look around for possible warnings, such as leaning trees, doors or windows that don't close properly, or rainwater collecting in unusual spots. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
39. 영1시한 6-7
Sinkholes are not widespread events like hurricanes or earthquakes.
(A) However, this does not mean that we should ignore the possibility of sinkholes. 1
(B) As our population grows and we develop in areas where sinkholes are common, we seem to be seeing more sinkholes and more stories about humans being affected by them. If we look for ways to detect and prevent sinkholes, it may be easier to rescue another Jeff from a sinkhole somewhere else in the world. 2
(C) They are very localized. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
40. 영1시한 SP1
Provide Access to Clean Water When Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote "water, water, everywhere, nor any drop to drink," he did not have the 21st century's global water situation in mind.
(A) But he wasn't far from correct about the present world's water situation.0
(B) 2
(C) Today, the availability of water for drinking and other uses is a critical problem in many areas of the world. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
41. 영1시한 SP2
How serious is our water challenge?
(A) If sufficient water for sanitation were available, these children would be saved. Is water really scarce? Earth is sometimes called "the Blue Planet" because it is covered by so much water. In fact, Earth does contain over a billion trillion liters of water. However, very little of that water is safe to drink.1
(B) Over 97% of the water on Earth is salt water. Of the fresh water that remains, over two thirds is locked away in ice caps and glaciers. Most of the rest is trapped in the soil or underground. But that amount is enough for now. 2
(C) Nowadays, the lack of clean water causes more deaths than war. One out of every six people living today does not have adequate access to water, and more than double that number live in unhealthy environments because they lack the water they need for cleaning. In some countries, half the population does not have access to safe drinking water. As a result, people living in these countries have many health problems. Nearly 5,000 children globally die every day from diseases caused by the lack of clean water. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
42. 영1시한 SP3
Then why is the water crisis so severe?
(A) Even within specific countries, such as Brazil, some regions have more than enough fresh, unpolluted water while other regions often suffer from droughts. And it is not just drinking water that is needed. Water for drinking and personal use is only a small portion of society's total water needs — household water usually accounts for less than 5 percent of total water use. 1
(B) Because groundwater, mostly deposited in earlier times, is being exhausted far faster than it is being replaced. Moreover, it is not always located where it is needed. For example, Canada has far more water than its people need, while the Middle East, North Africa, and many other regions are always in want of water. 0
(C) Most of the fresh water we use is for agriculture and industrial activities. In addition, water is also inevitably needed for ecological processes not directly related to human use. Overcoming the crisis in water and sanitation is one of the toughest human challenges of the early 21st century. 2
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
43. 영1시한 SP4
So what solutions are out there?
(A) Another approach that can be applied is desalination. Desalination is extracting the salt from seawater. Desalination is not a new idea and is already used in many regions, particularly in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia produces about one tenth of the water produced by desalination in the world. 1
(B) Israel uses desalination technology to provide about a fourth of its domestic water needs. More than 12,000 desalination plants are now in operation in the world. But desalination plants are expensive to build and require lots of energy to operate, which makes desalination suitable mainly for seaside cities in rich countries. It therefore has limited value for poor countries, where water supply problems are the most serious. If desalination is going to be a realistic source of fresh water, countries need either abundant, cheap energy or a way to make the process more efficient. 2
(C) Today, we need more sophisticated and controlling water supply methods that do not only meet our increased needs but also prevent damage to the environment and ecosystems. One large-scale approach used in the U.S., China, India, and other countries has been to divert the flow of water from regions where it is plentiful to where it is scarce. Such diversion projects provide some short-term relief for cities, but they are not practical as widespread or long-term solutions and have ecologically damaging effects. Another problem is that diverting water to some people often means less for others, and this can become an explosive political issue potentially. 0
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
44. 영1시한 SP5
A different technological approach is used for irrigation systems.
(A) However, this is not a perfect solution because it does not provide enough water to cleanse the soil. Technologies are being developed, for instance, to improve recycling of waste water so that it can be used for irrigation or industrial purposes. Hopefully, recycled water may someday even be returned to groundwater. However, very effective purification methods and thorough safeguards are necessary to ensure the safety of recycled water. 2
(B) Agricultural irrigation consumes enormous quantities of water;. In developing countries, irrigation often exceeds 80 percent of total water use. One of the earliest and most widespread forms is flood irrigation. It involves pumping or diverting water to fields so that water flows along the ground among the crops. 0
(C) It is simple and cheap, but also inefficient and wasteful. Improved technologies such as "drip irrigation" can drip water directly onto plants. It can provide crops with water more efficiently and significantly reduce agricultural water demand. Already some countries, such as Jordan, have dramatically reduced water use with drip technology. 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
45. 영1시한 SP6
Above are large-scale solutions for providing a huge amount of water.
(A) Traditional approaches to water use and conservation cannot solve the water crises of the future. We must, as Einstein points out, do something different. The world's water problems can only be solved by better technologies and more imaginative innovations. 2
(B) However, a small-scale process has also been used to improve water availability and safety. It is a small distillation unit, which is a particularly attractive approach in rural and low-income areas, where the lack of infrastructure makes it hard to distribute water efficiently and economically. Some current projects have produced inexpensive distillation units that can remove toxic elements from any water source. A unit smaller than a dishwasher can provide daily clean water for 100 people. 0
(C) Today, the earth's population is seven billion. By 2050, the global population is expected to rise to nine billion. As a result, there have been significant calls for a change in the way the world is dealing with growing water shortages. Albert Einstein once described madness as "doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results." 1
① A-C-B ② B-A-C ③ B-C-A ④ C-A-B ⑤ C-B-A
[ANSWER]
1. ④ 2. ③ 3. ② 4. ② 5. ② 6. ⑤ 7. ① 8. ⑤ 9. ③ 10. ①
11. ③ 12. ④ 13. ① 14. ① 15. ② 16. ③ 17. ④ 18. ② 19. ⑤ 20. ①
21. ② 22. ④ 23. ① 24. ⑤ 25. ② 26. ⑤ 27. ⑤ 28. ④ 29. ② 30. ②
31. ② 32. ④ 33. ② 34. ③ 35. ② 36. ⑤ 37. ③ 38. ① 39. ④ 40. ①
41. ④ 42. ② 43. ④ 44. ③ 45. ③
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